Featured Article: Oxidative stress status and liver tissue defenses in diabetic rats during intensive subcutaneous insulin therapy
In this study, its impact on oxidative stress status, inflammation, and liver injury was investigated. Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats with a single dose of streptozotocin (100 mg/kg). Untreated rats and rats administered Insuplant® (2 UI/200 g/day) through a subcutaneous osmotic pump for one or four weeks were compared with non-diabetic controls. Body weight, fructosamine level, total cholesterol, Insulin Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) level, lipid peroxidation, and total antioxidant capacity were measured. Hepatic injury was determined through the measurement of glycogen content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 13, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Dal, S., Jeandidier, N., Seyfritz, E., Bietiger, W., Peronet, C., Moreau, F., Pinget, M., Maillard, E., Sigrist, S. Tags: Pharmacology/Toxicology Source Type: research
Hypoxia promotes apoptosis of neuronal cells through hypoxia-inducible factor-1{alpha}-microRNA-204-B-cell lymphoma-2 pathway
This study aimed to examine the role of HIF1α-miR-204-BCL-2 pathway in hypoxia-induced apoptosis in neuronal cells. Annexin V/propidium iodide assay was performed to analyze cell apoptosis in AGE1.HN and PC12 cells under hypoxic or normoxic conditions. The expression of BCL-2 and miR-204 were determined by Western blot and qRT-PCR. The effects of miR-204 overexpression or knockdown on the expression of BCL-2 were evaluated by luciferase assay and Western blot under hypoxic or normoxic conditions. HIF-1α inhibitor YC-1 and siHIF-1α were employed to determine the effect of HIF-1α on the up-regulation ...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 13, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Wang, X., Li, J., Wu, D., Bu, X., Qiao, Y. Tags: Neuroscience Source Type: research
In vitro and in vivo characterization of the anticancer activity of Thai stingless bee (Tetragonula laeviceps) cerumen
Tetragonula laeviceps cerumen was sequentially extracted with 80% (v/v) methanol, dichloromethane, and hexane and also in the reverse order. By the MTT assay and the respective 50% inhibition concentration value, the most active fraction was further purified to apparent homogeneity by bioassay-guided silica gel column chromatography. α-Mangostin was identified by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses. It had a potent cytotoxicity against the BT474, Chago, Hep-G2, KATO-III, and SW620 cell lines (IC50 values of 1.22 ± 0.03, 2.25 ± 0.20, 0.94 &plu...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 13, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Nugitrangson, P., Puthong, S., Iempridee, T., Pimtong, W., Pornpakakul, S., Chanchao, C. Tags: Cell & amp;amp; Developmental Biology Source Type: research
Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 contributes to phenotype transformation of fibroblasts in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis via multiple pathways
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal disease and considered as a cancer-like disease. The phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) tumor suppressor has drawn attention in the pathogenesis of IPF. However, the role of PTEN in phenotypic transformation of lung fibroblasts, particularly in the migratory and invasive phenotype, is still elusive. Our data showed that PTEN expression was markedly reduced in both fibroblasts and myofibroblasts from IPF patients. Furthermore, loss of PTEN led to the transformation of normal fibroblasts to myofibroblasts and increased proliferation,...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 13, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Geng, J., Huang, X., Li, Y., Xu, X., Li, S., Jiang, D., Liu, Z., Dai, H. Tags: Cell & amp;amp; Developmental Biology Source Type: research
Tissue-engineered tubular substitutions for urinary diversion in a rabbit model
This study demonstrates the feasibility of tissue-engineered tubular substitutions constructed using homologous adipose-derived stem cells, smooth muscle cells, and bladder acellular matrix for urinary diversion in a rabbit model. (Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 13, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Meng, L., Liao, W., Yang, S., Xiong, Y., Song, C., Liu, L. Tags: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research
Resveratrol attenuates renal injury and fibrosis by inhibiting transforming growth factor-{beta} pathway on matrix metalloproteinase 7
In conclusion, RSV attenuated renal injury and fibrosis by inhibiting EMT process which was attributed to the fact that the up-regulated SIRT1 by RSV deacetylated Smad4 and inhibited MMP7 expression. (Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 13, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Xiao, Z., Chen, C., Meng, T., Zhang, W., Zhou, Q. Tags: Biochemistry & amp;amp; Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Decitabine enhances stem cell antigen-1 expression in cigarette smoke extract-induced emphysema in animal model
Stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1) is a mouse glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-anchored protein and a cell surface marker found on hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Despite decades of study, its biological functions remain little known. Sca-1 is a typical marker of bone marrow-derived HSCs, it is also expressed by a mixture of tissue-resident stem, progenitor cells in nonhematopoietic organs. Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) is a subtype of HSC and contributes to endothelial repair by homing in on locations of injury. Abnormal genetic methylation has been detected in smoking-related diseases. The present study aimed to investigate t...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 13, 2016 Category: Research Authors: He, Z.-H., Chen, Y., Chen, P., He, S.-D., Ye, J.-R., Liu, D. Tags: Biochemistry & amp;amp; Molecular Biology Source Type: research
The neuronal porosome complex in health and disease
Cup-shaped secretory portals at the cell plasma membrane called porosomes mediate the precision release of intravesicular material from cells. Membrane-bound secretory vesicles transiently dock and fuse at the base of porosomes facing the cytosol to expel pressurized intravesicular contents from the cell during secretion. The structure, isolation, composition, and functional reconstitution of the neuronal porosome complex have greatly progressed, providing a molecular understanding of its function in health and disease. Neuronal porosomes are 15 nm cup-shaped lipoprotein structures composed of nearly 40 proteins, compared ...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 13, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Naik, A. R., Lewis, K. T., Jena, B. P. Tags: Minireview Source Type: research
A human liver microphysiology platform for investigating physiology, drug safety, and disease models
This paper describes the development and characterization of a microphysiology platform for drug safety and efficacy in liver models of disease that includes a human, 3D, microfluidic, four-cell, sequentially layered, self-assembly liver model (SQL-SAL); fluorescent protein biosensors for mechanistic readouts; as well as a microphysiology system database (MPS-Db) to manage, analyze, and model data. The goal of our approach is to create the simplest design in terms of cells, matrix materials, and microfluidic device parameters that will support a physiologically relevant liver model that is robust and reproducible for at le...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 11, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Vernetti, L. A., Senutovitch, N., Boltz, R., DeBiasio, R., Ying Shun, T., Gough, A., Taylor, D. L. Tags: Systems Biology Source Type: research
Equilibrium of sortase A dimerization on Staphylococcus aureus cell surface mediates its cell wall sorting activity
Staphylococcus aureus sortase A (SrtA) transpeptidase is a therapeutically important membrane-bound enzyme in Gram-positive bacteria, which organizes the covalently attached cell surface proteins on the peptidoglycan cell wall of the organism. Here, we report the direct observation of the highly selective homo-dimerization of SrtA on the cell membrane. To address the biological significance of the dimerization towards enzyme function, site-directed mutagenesis was performed to generate a SrtA mutant, which exists as monomer on the cell membrane. We observed that the cell surface display of adhesive proteins in S. aureus ce...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 11, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Zhu, J., Xiang, L., Jiang, F., Zhang, Z. J. Tags: Pharmacology/Toxicology Source Type: research
Variation of pathways and network profiles reveals the differential pharmacological mechanisms of each effective component to treat middle cerebral artery ischemia-reperfusion mice
Using a system pharmacology strategy, this study evaluated the unique pharmacological characteristics of three different neuroprotective compounds for the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. A microarray including 374 brain ischemia-related genes was used to identify the differentially expressed genes among five treatment groups: baicalin, jasminoidin, ursodeoxycholic acid, sham, and vehicle, and MetaCore analysis software was applied to identify the significantly altered pathways, processes and interaction network parameters. At pathway level, 46, 25, and 31 pathways were activated in the baicalin, jasminoidin, an...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 11, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Dang, H., Li, K., Yu, Y., Zhang, Y., Liu, J., Wang, P., Li, B., Wang, H., Li, H., Wang, Z., Wang, Y. Tags: Pharmacology/Toxicology Source Type: research
Opioid growth factor and low-dose naltrexone impair central nervous system infiltration by CD4 + T lymphocytes in established experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a model of multiple sclerosis
We report in these studies that the numbers of CD4+ T lymphocytes in the CNS of EAE mice are decreased following treatment with OGF for five days but not LDN. However, modulation of the OGF-OGFr axis did not result in changes to CD4+ Th effector cell responses in the CNS of EAE mice. (Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 11, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Hammer, L. A., Waldner, H., Zagon, I. S., McLaughlin, P. J. Tags: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Low-dose irradiation affects the functional behavior of oral microbiota in the context of mucositis
The role of host–microbe interactions in the pathobiology of oral mucositis is still unclear; therefore, this study aimed to unravel the effect of irradiation on behavioral characteristics of oral microbial species in the context of mucositis. Using various experimental in vitro setups, the effects of irradiation on growth and biofilm formation of two Candida spp., Streptococcus salivarius and Klebsiella oxytoca in different culture conditions were evaluated. Irradiation did not affect growth of planktonic cells, but reduced the number of K. oxytoca cells in newly formed biofilms cultured in static conditions. B...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 11, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Vanhoecke, B. W., De Ryck, T. R., De boel, K., Wiles, S., Boterberg, T., Van de Wiele, T., Swift, S. Tags: Immunology, Microbiology, Virology Source Type: research
The effects of energy intake of four different feeding patterns in rats
In conclusion, energy intake quantity and change are key determinants of metabolism. Different energy intake quantity and change affect body weight, white adipose tissue weight, insulin sensitivity, etc. at different degrees and speeds because of different energy efficiency. (Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine)
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 11, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Gong, H., Han, Y.-w., Sun, L., Zhang, Y., Zhang, E.-y., Li, Y., Zhang, T.-m. Tags: Endocrinology & amp;amp; Nutrition Source Type: research
Low nourishment of B-vitamins is associated with hyperhomocysteinemia and oxidative stress in newly diagnosed cardiac patients
We are currently witnessing a dramatic change in lifestyle and food choices that is accompanied with an increase in the rate of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Although studies have reported an association of CVD with hyperhomocysteinemia-mediated oxidative stress, the biochemical basis is not known. This case–control study was aimed to evaluate the nutritional and biochemical status of B-vitamins in relation to hyperhomocysteinemia and oxidative stress in newly diagnosed cardiac patients. The retrospective dietary intake of the study subjects (cases and controls) was estimated using a sem...
Source: Experimental Biology and Medicine - January 11, 2016 Category: Research Authors: Waly, M. I., Ali, A., Al-Nassri, A., Al-Mukhaini, M., Valliatte, J., Al-Farsi, Y. Tags: Endocrinology & amp;amp; Nutrition Source Type: research
