Ovine fetal mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to cardiomyocytes, effects of co‐culture, role of small molecules; reversine and 5‐azacytidine
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of small molecules: Reversine and 5‐azacytidine (5‐AC), in an indirect co‐culture condition with the cardiac fibroblasts as well as non co‐culture condition, in order to explore the effect of such molecules in the process of differentiation of the ovine bone‐marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs) towards cardiomyocytes. Surface antigens of the isolated cells were analysed using flow‐cytometry. In addition, following to three passages cells were examined for their differentiation capacity into osteocytes and adipose cells, in order to ensure the mesen...
Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function - March 31, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Leila Soltani, Hamid Reza Rahmani, Morteza Daliri Joupari, Hori Ghaneialvar, Amir Hossein Mahdavi, Mehdi Shamsara Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
The effect of the glycolipoprotein extract (G‐90) from earthworm Eisenia foetida on the wound healing process in alloxan‐induced diabetic rats
Diabetes is now regarded as a major public health problem. The number of patients is estimated to increase to over 439 million cases by 2030. One of the major health clinical problems in patients with diabetes patients is impaired wound healing. Diabetic foot ulcer is a major complication of diabetes mellitus in 12 to 25% of patients, which increases the risk of damage in the limbs or amputation. The earthworm Eisenia foetida glycolipoprotein (as known G‐90) is a blend of macromolecules with some biological properties including mitogenicity, anticoagulation, fibrinolysis, bacteriostatic and antioxidatiaon. Given the biol...
Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function - March 31, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Golnaz Goodarzi, Durdi Qujeq, Maryam M. Elmi, Farideh Feizi, Sadegh Fathai Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Free and nanoencapsulated vitamin D3: effects on E‐NTPDase and E‐ADA activities in an animal model with induced arthritis
The effect of vitamin D3 in oral solution (VD3) and vitamin D3‐loaded nanocapsules (NC‐VD3) was analysed in animals with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis (AR). For this purpose, we evaluated scores for arthritis, thermal hyperalgesia and paw oedema, as well as histological analyses and measurements of the activity of the ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (E‐NTPDase) and ecto‐adenosine deaminase (E‐ADA) enzymes in rat lymphocytes. Haematological and biochemical parameters were also determined. The doses administered were 120 UI/day of VD3 and 15.84 UI/day of NC‐VD3. Fifteen day...
Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function - March 31, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Karine Lanes Silveira, Leonardo Lanes Silveira, Maria Luiza Prates Thorstenberg, Fernanda Licker Cabral, Livia Gelain Castilhos, João Felipe Peres Rezer, Diego Fontana Andrade, Ruy Carlos Ruver Beck, Heloísa Einloft Palma, Cinthia Melazzo Andrade, Renat Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Co‐expression of mouse TMEM63A, TMEM63B and TMEM63C confers hyperosmolarity activated ion currents in HEK293 cells
Osmoreception is essential for systemic osmoregulation, a process to stabilize the tonicity and volume of the extracellular fluid through regulating the ingestive behaviour, sympathetic outflow and renal function. The sensation of osmotic changes by osmoreceptor neurons is mediated by ion channels that detect the change of osmolarity in extracellular fluid. However, the molecular identity of these channels remains mysterious. AtCSC1and OSCA1,two closely related paralogues from Arabidopsis, have been demonstrated to form hyperosmolarity activated ion channels, which makes their mammalian orthologues—the members of TMEM63 ...
Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function - March 31, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Xin Zhao, Xiaojuan Yan, Yuanhu Liu, Ping Zhang, Xin Ni Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
The effect of insulin resistance and exercise on the percentage of CD16+ monocyte subset in obese individuals
Abstract
Obesity is a low‐grade chronic inflammation condition, and macrophages, and possibly monocytes, are involved in the pathological outcomes of obesity. Physical exercise is a low‐cost strategy to prevent and treat obesity, probably because of its anti‐inflammatory action. We evaluated the percentage of CD16− and CD16+ monocyte subsets in obese insulin‐resistant individuals and the effect of an exercise bout on the percentage of these cells. Twenty‐seven volunteers were divided into three experimental groups: lean insulin sensitive, obese insulin sensitive and obese insulin resistant. Venous blood samples...
Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function - March 29, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Mariana A. Matos, Tamiris C. Duarte, Vinícius de O. Ottone, Pâmela F. da M. Sampaio, Karine B. Costa, Marcos F. Andrade Oliveira, Pope L. Moseley, Suzanne M. Schneider, Cândido C. Coimbra, Gustavo E. A. Brito‐Melo, Flávio de C. Magalhães, Fabiano T Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Detection of a specific pattern of hyaluronan oligosaccharides and their binding proteins in human ovarian tumour
In this study for the first time, we identified specific size of HA in malignant ovarian tumour compared to benign tumour tissue. Therefore, we prepared the identified HA probes and conducted multiplex and monoplex ligand blot analysis and Immunohistochemistry to identify their receptor expression and distribution. Although, HA recognized CD44 as principle receptors despite of size, multiplex analysis showed multiple receptor expression with distribution at the tumour cell surface. Furthermore, the HA 6‐mer (major O‐HA of ovarian tumour) pull down of tumour tissue proteins showed 120 kDa protein along with CD44 with ...
Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function - March 20, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Srinivasa Prasad Kolapalli, Venatrao Nunna, Anil Thomas, Karuna Kumar Mortha, Shib Das Banerjee, Rajeev K Boregowda Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Chloroquine could be used for the treatment of filoviral infections and other viral infections that emerge or emerged from viruses requiring an acidic pH for infectivity
Viruses from the Filoviridae family, as many other virus families, require an acidic pH for successful infection and are therefore susceptible to the actions of 4‐aminoquinolines, such as chloroquine.
Although the mechanisms of action of chloroquine clearly indicate that it might inhibit filoviral infections, several clinical trials that attempted to use chloroquine in the treatment of other acute viral infections – including dengue and influenza A and B – caused by low pH‐dependent viruses, have reported that chloroquine had no clinical efficacy, and these results demoted chloroquine from the potential treatments ...
Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function - March 20, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hephzibah Akpovwa Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Post‐transcriptional regulation of gene expression in neural stem cells
Expression of each gene can be controlled at several steps during the flow of genetic information from DNA to protein. Tight regulation of gene expression is especially important for stem cells because of their greater ripple effects, compared with terminally differentiated cells. Dysregulation of gene expression arising in stem cells can be perpetuated within the stem cell pool via self‐renewal throughout life. In addition, transcript profiles within stem cells can determine the selective advantage or disadvantage of each cell, leading to changes in cell fate, such as a tendency for proliferation, death, and differentia...
Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function - March 20, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Do‐Yeon Kim Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Synergistic effect of bioactive lipid and condition medium on cardiac differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells from different tissues
In this study, we have investigated the effects of bioactive lipid sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P) on cardiac differentiations of hUCMSCs and hATMSCs in condition medium composed of cardiac myocytes culture medium or 5‐azacytidine. Cardiac differentiations were identified through immunofluorescence staining, and the results were observed with fluorescence microscopy and confocal microscopy. Synergistic effects of S1P and condition medium on cell viability were evaluated by MTT assays. Functional characteristics similar to cardiomyocytes were evaluated through detecting calcium transient. The differentiated hUCMSCs or h...
Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function - March 1, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Lili Jiang, Yanwen Wang, Fang Pan, Xiubo Zhao, Henggui Zhang, Ming Lei, Tianqing Liu, Jian R. Lu Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Early administration of nifedipine protects against angiotensin II‐induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through regulating CaMKII–SERCA2a pathway and apoptosis in rat cardiomyocytes
The calcium channel blocker (CCB), nifedipine, is a more effective treatment for early‐ than late‐stage cardiac hypertrophy. We investigated the effects of early‐ and late‐stage nifedipine administration on calcium homeostasis, CaMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II) activity and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes under hypertrophic stimulation with angiotensin II (AngII). Primary rat cardiomyocytes were divided into five treatment groups: AK, AngII plus the CaMKII inhibitor, KN‐93; AN‐1 (early‐stage), AngII plus nifedipine × 48 h; AN‐2 (late‐stage), AngII × 48 h, then AngII plus nif...
Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function - March 1, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ji Luo, Wei‐dong Zhang, Yi‐meng Du Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
PlGF knockdown inhibited tumor survival and migration in gastric cancer cell via PI3K/Akt and p38MAPK pathways
The molecular signalling of placental growth factor (PlGF), a member of the vascular endothelial growth factor family, was not uncovered in human adenocarcinoma gastric cell line (AGS). The purpose of this study was to examine the inhibitory effects of PlGF knockdown on cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration through p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and PI3K pathways in human adenocarcinoma gastric cell line (AGS). To study PlGF knockdown effect, AGS cells were treated with 40 pmol of small interfering RNA (siRNA) related to PlGF gene and also a scrambled siRNA as control. Trypan Blue and Anexin V sta...
Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function - March 1, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hassan Akrami, Fatemeh Mahmoodi, Somaye Havasi, Amene Sharifi Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Genetic variants and expression study of FOXP3 gene in acute coronary syndrome in Iranian patients
AbstractAcute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the most serious form of coronary artery disease. Inflammatory processes participate in different stages of this disorder. FOXP3 gene plays an important role for the development and function of regulatory T cells. Consequently, the expression level and polymorphisms of this gene have been studied in many immune related diseases. In the present study, we analysed the expression of FOXP3 as well as the association between two variants in this gene (rs3761548A/C and rs5902434del/ATT) and occurrence of ACS in Iranian patients. FOXP3 expression analysis showed a significant decrease in p...
Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function - March 1, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Milad Gholami, Ali Esfandiary, Masoumeh Vatanparast, Reza Mirfakhraie, Mir Mohsen Hosseini, Soudeh Ghafouri‐Fard Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Truncated Escherichia coli thioredoxin induces proliferation of human blood mononuclear cells and production of reactive oxygen species as well as proinflammatory cytokines
This study investigates whether a peptide with substantial sequence difference from Trx80, but retaining an abridged Trx fold can elicit PBMC proliferation. We genetically truncated a carboxy‐terminal β‐α motif of Escherichia coli Trx to produce a peptide, Trx83, which shares low sequence identity with human Trx80. Addition of reduced‐form Trx83 to resting human PBMCs promoted cell proliferation, while oxidized‐form Trx83 lacked the function. By contrast, oxidized‐form Trx80 exhibited a high activity in promoting PBMC proliferation, indicating the importance of sequence context of an abridged thioredoxin in inf...
Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function - February 29, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Si‐Yen Liu, I‐Chung Liu, Tiao‐Yin Lin Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Downregulated serum miR‐223 servers as biomarker in Alzheimer's disease
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age‐related neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by progressive memory loss and deteriorated higher cognitive functions. An economical, rapid and noninvasive biomarker for AD has not been identified. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of serum miR‐223 and miR‐519 in AD. The expressions of miR‐223 and miR‐519, with previously reported AD‐associated miR‐29 and miR‐125b, were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in the serum of 84 probable sporadic AD patients (age onset > 65 years) and 62 healthy control...
Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function - February 29, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Li‐Hua Jia, Yi‐Ning Liu Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
DNA methylation dynamics in plants and mammals: overview of regulation and dysregulation
DNA methylation is a major epigenetic marking mechanism regulating various biological functions in mammals and plant. The crucial role of DNA methylation has been observed in cellular differentiation, embryogenesis, genomic imprinting and X‐chromosome inactivation. Furthermore, DNA methylation takes part in disease susceptibility, responses to environmental stimuli and the biodiversity of natural populations. In plant, different types of environmental stress have demonstrated the ability to alter the archetype of DNA methylation through the genome, change gene expression and confer a mechanism of adaptation. DNA methylat...
Source: Cell Biochemistry and Function - February 29, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Amr Rafat Elhamamsy Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
