Do Socioeconomic Risk Factors for Cigarette Smoking Extend to Smokeless Tobacco Use?
Conclusions:
Markers of SES are significantly associated with odds of cigarette smoking and ST use, but which indicators are predictive and the shape of their relationship to use differs across the two tobacco products. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: White, T. J., Redner, R., Bunn, J. Y., Higgins, S. T. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
Direct-to-Consumer Marketing of Cigar Products in the United States
Conclusions:
The results suggest that Black & Mild and Swisher Sweets are the primary cigar brands using DTC advertising. Promotional offers were nearly ubiquitous among the advertisements, which may appeal to price-sensitive populations. Future studies should continue to examine cigar advertising via direct mail and email, in addition to other channels, such as the point-of-sale.
Implications:
Although cigar use and sales have increased in the United States over the past decade, there is limited data on cigar advertising. This article provides a snapshot of expenditures, volume, and promotional content of DTC cigar a...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Ganz, O., Teplitskaya, L., Cantrell, J., Hair, E. C., Vallone, D. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
Awareness and Use of Dissolvable Tobacco Products in the United States
Conclusions:
DTP awareness and use have increased since 2009. DTPs are being used as smoking cessation aids thereby increasing risk of polytobacco use. Medical professionals should emphasize use of empirically-supported smoking cessation aids when advising patients to quit. Regulations are needed to prevent tobacco company promotion of DTPs as smoking cessation aids and to inform consumers of the risks associated with DTPs and polytobacco use. Increased national surveillance of DTP use is recommended. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Cabrera-Nguyen, E. P., Cavazos-Rehg, P., Krauss, M., Kim, Y., Emery, S. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
The Language of Cigar Use: Focus Group Findings on Cigar Product Terminology
Conclusions:
Users of cigar products may classify or label products differently from researchers and policy makers, and many refer to their product by brand name or a slang term. These findings have implications for future research, instrument design, and public health messaging about cigar products.
Implications:
This study adds to the body of evidence highlighting the challenges for measurement and surveillance of non-cigarette tobacco products, including cigars. Findings illustrate the myriad terms used by consumers to describe their use of cigar product subtypes, as well as the complexity of distinguishing between use...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Dickinson, D. M., Johnson, S. E., Coleman, B. N., Tworek, C., Tessman, G. K., Alexander, J. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Characteristics and Patterns of Black & Mild Use Among African American Smokers
Conclusions:
Latent class analysis is a useful method to detect subtle differences in B&M product preferences and smoking behaviors among African Americans. Study findings highlight the importance of developing tailored interventions that consider within group differences in order to reduce the prevalence of cigarillo smoking among those with the greatest burden.
Implications:
The current study is the first to identify unique subgroups of African American B&M smokers based on cigarillo use behaviors and associated characteristics. Latent class analyses may prove useful for understanding other subgroups of tobacco ...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Nasim, A., Guy, M. C., Soule, E. K., Cobb, C. O., Blank, M. D., Eissenberg, T. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Individual, Parental, and Environmental Correlates of Cigar, Cigarillo, and Little Cigar Use Among Middle School Adolescents
Conclusions:
CCLC use is associated with multiple levels of influence, indicating that prevention of youth CCLC use must utilize a multilevel approach. Increased utilization of corner stores was associated with higher odds of CCLC use, and could indicate that youth stopping at corner stores may be exposed to increased tobacco retail advertising and tobacco products. The findings of this study have implications for FDA regulation to prevent CCLC initiation among youth.
Implications:
While correlates of cigarette smoking have been well documented, use of CCLC is not as well understood among young adolescents. This is the fi...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Trapl, E. S., Yoder, L. D., Frank, J. L., Borawski, E. A., Sattar, A. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
The Most Natural Tobacco Used: A Qualitative Investigation of Young Adult Smokers Risk Perceptions of Flavored Little Cigars and Cigarillos
Conclusions:
Our study revealed dimensions that were important for the formation of risk perceptions about flavored LCCs. A multidimensional conceptual model and a measure of risk perceptions that is inclusive of these dimensions should be developed and examined for LCC use patterns. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Sterling, K. L., Fryer, C. S., Fagan, P. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Polytobacco Use of Cigarettes, Cigars, Chewing Tobacco, and Snuff Among US Adults
Conclusions:
Polytobacco use is extremely popular among current users of non-cigarette tobacco products. Polytobacco use patterns differ across sociodemographic subpopulations, and the gender and racial/ethnic profiles in poly-users vary across different groups of current tobacco users. Tobacco control strategies need to consider the interrelationships in the use of different tobacco products and the diverse profiles of poly-users in order to develop tailored tobacco prevention and intervention policies to further reduce the burden of tobacco use. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Sung, H.-Y., Wang, Y., Yao, T., Lightwood, J., Max, W. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Associations of Proposed Relative-Risk Warning Labels for Snus With Perceptions and Behavioral Intentions Among Tobacco Users and Nonusers
Conclusions:
Tobacco users viewing the proposed labels perceived snus as less harmful than cigarettes and may be more likely to use and buy snus. If labeling changes lead to increased snus use and cigarette reduction or abstinence, public health may benefit. If the opposite occurs, public health could suffer. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Rodu, B., Plurphanswat, N., Hughes, J. R., Fagerström, K. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Validation of a Measure of Normative Beliefs About Smokeless Tobacco Use
Conclusions:
Assessment of MRTPs for regulatory purposes, which allows messages of reduced risk, should include measurement of social norms. Furthermore, surveillance efforts that track use of new MRTPs should include measures of social norms to determine how norms change with prevalence of use. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Adkison, S. E., OConnor, R. J., Bansal-Travers, M., Cummings, K. M., Rees, V. W., Hatsukami, D. K. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Perceived Health Risks of Snus and Medicinal Nicotine Products
Conclusions:
Among smokers seeking an alternative to smoking in a clinic setting, PHR of a product changes after product use but may not be related to product use patterns.
Implications:
PHRs of snus or medicinal nicotine in smokers assigned to these products become more accurate after product use. PHR does not appear to be associated with patterns of product use; rather satisfaction with a product is a better indicator as to whether a smoker is compliant with only using the product or continues to use the product. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Hatsukami, D. K., Vogel, R. I., Severson, H. H., Jensen, J. A., OConnor, R. J. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Design and Validation of a Research-Grade Waterpipe Equipped With Puff Topography Analyzer
Conclusions:
The RWP operates with known precision and accuracy and is well accepted by experienced smokers. This tool can be used to determine the extent to which puffing behaviors are affected by the waterpipe design, components, and/or accessories, tobacco nicotine content, sweet flavorings and/or additives known to increase addictiveness.
Implications:
This study describes a standardized RWP, equipped with a puffing topography analyzer, which can operate with known precision and accuracy, and is well-accepted by experienced smokers in terms of satisfaction and reward. The RWP is an important tool for determining if pu...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Brinkman, M. C., Kim, H., Gordon, S. M., Kroeger, R. R., Reyes, I. L., Deojay, D. M., Chitwood, C., Lane, T. E., Clark, P. I. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
The Effects of Brief Waterpipe Tobacco Use Harm and Addiction Education Messages Among Young Adult Waterpipe Tobacco Users
Conclusions:
Brief education messages about waterpipe tobacco use harm increased young adult’s perceptions of harm and addictiveness of waterpipe tobacco use and generated stronger desire to quit. The waterpipe tobacco use addiction messages tested had little added impact. Studies should prospectively examine the real-world impact of waterpipe tobacco use harm messages and investigate more effective strategies for designing addiction messages.
Implications:
This study demonstrates that brief education messages about waterpipe tobacco use harm can increase young adult waterpipe tobacco user’s perceptions of har...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Mays, D., Tercyak, K. P., Lipkus, I. M. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Group Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking Increases Smoke Toxicant Concentration
This study examined user toxicant exposure and smoke toxicant yield associated with individual and group waterpipe smoking.
Methods:
Twenty-two pairs of waterpipe smokers used a waterpipe individually and as a dyad. Before and after smoking, blood was sampled and expired carbon monoxide (CO) measured; puff topography was recorded throughout. One participant from each pair was selected randomly and their plasma nicotine and expired air CO concentrations were compared when smoking alone to when smoking as part of a dyad. Recorded puff topography was used to machine-produce smoke that was analyzed for toxicant content.
Resu...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Ramoa, C. P., Shihadeh, A., Salman, R., Eissenberg, T. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Hookah Tobacco Smoking During the Transition to College: Prevalence of Other Substance Use and Predictors of Initiation
Conclusions:
Findings indicate that hookah prevention and intervention is needed during the transition to college, and interventions may need to address comorbid alcohol, marijuana, and hookah use.
Implications:
To our knowledge this is the first longitudinal study examining predictors of hookah initiation among male and female incoming first-year college students. While hookah users were more likely than nonusers to use all other substances before and during the first month of college, pre-college marijuana and alcohol use were the only two predictors of hookah initiation during the first 30 days of college. Collectively...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Shepardson, R. L., Hustad, J. T. P. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
