Readiness of Lung Cancer Screening Sites to Deliver Smoking Cessation Treatment: Current Practices, Organizational Priority, and Perceived Barriers
Conclusions:
Although encouraging that lung cancer screening sites endorsed the importance of smoking cessation interventions, greater attention to identifying and addressing barriers for tobacco treatment delivery is needed in order to maximize the potential benefit of integrating smoking cessation into lung cancer screening protocols.
Implications:
This study is the first to describe practice patterns, organizational priority, and barriers for delivery of smoking cessation treatment in a national sample of lung cancer screening sites. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Ostroff, J. S., Copeland, A., Borderud, S. P., Li, Y., Shelley, D. R., Henschke, C. I. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Differences in Longer-Term Smoking Abstinence After Treatment by Specialist or Nonspecialist Advisors: Secondary Analysis of Data From a Relapse Prevention Trial
Conclusions:
People who receive support to stop smoking from a specialist appear to be at lower risk of relapse than those receiving support from a nonspecialist advisor. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Song, F., Maskrey, V., Blyth, A., Brown, T. J., Barton, G. R., Aveyard, P., Notley, C., Holland, R., Bachmann, M. O., Sutton, S., Brandon, T. H. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Are Nurses and Auxiliary Healthcare Workers Equally Effective in Delivering Smoking Cessation Support in Primary Care?
Conclusions:
HCAs appear equally effective as nurses in supporting smoking cessation, although they do this with greater patient contact. Using auxiliary practitioners to deliver cessation support could free up nurse time and reduce costs.
Implications:
This study found that primary care patients receiving smoking cessation support from auxiliary healthcare workers were just as likely to be abstinent up to 6 months later as those patients seen by nurses. While the auxiliary healthcare workers achieved this with slightly increased patient contact time, the advice delivered, pharmacotherapies provided and patient satisfacti...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Faulkner, K., Sutton, S., Jamison, J., Sloan, M., Boase, S., Naughton, F. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Combined Quitline Counseling and Text Messaging for Smoking Cessation: A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation
Conclusions:
Text messaging may not confer additional benefits over and above those received through multi-modal, multi-call quitline programs. Future research should investigate whether text messaging programs improve quit rates when combined with less intensive services such as single-call phone counseling.
Implications:
While the impact of quitline and text messaging services for smoking cessation have been examined in isolation, no study has explored the impact of combined services on smoking outcomes. This study examines the role of text messaging in combination with comprehensive quitline services including multi-ca...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Boal, A. L., Abroms, L. C., Simmens, S., Graham, A. L., Carpenter, K. M. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
The Dynamic Role of Urban Neighborhood Effects in a Text-Messaging Adolescent Smoking Intervention
Conclusions:
Results support testing the time-varying effects of urban ecological features and perceptions of safety among adolescents in text-based smoking cessation interventions.
Implications:
This study makes a unique contribution towards understanding the time-varying effects of urban neighborhoods on adolescent tobacco use within the context of a text-delivered intervention. Helping to adjust the long-held conceptualization of intervention effects as a static outcome, to that of a dynamic, time-varying process, is an important contribution of this study. The ability to specify when behavioral change occurs within th...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Mason, M. J., Mennis, J., Zaharakis, N. M., Way, T. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
User Experience Evaluation of a Smoking Cessation App in People With Serious Mental Illness
Conclusions:
This is the first study to examine the UX of a smoking cessation app among people with serious mental illness. Data from this study will inform future research efforts to expand the effectiveness and reach of smoking cessation apps for this highly nicotine dependent yet under-served population.
Implications:
Data from this study will inform future research efforts to expand the effectiveness and reach of smoking cessation apps for people with serious mental illness, a highly nicotine dependent yet under-served population. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Vilardaga, R., Rizo, J., Kientz, J. A., McDonell, M. G., Ries, R. K., Sobel, K. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
How Smart are Smartphone Apps for Smoking Cessation? A Content Analysis
Conclusions:
Publically available smartphone smoking cessation apps are not particularly "smart": they commonly fall short of providing tailored feedback, despite users’ preference for these features. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Hoeppner, B. B., Hoeppner, S. S., Seaboyer, L., Schick, M. R., Wu, G. W. Y., Bergman, B. G., Kelly, J. F. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
The Electronic Medical Records Role in Support of Smoking Cessation Activities
Conclusions:
Generally, the use of more sophisticated EMRs were associated with improved smoking cessation support by physicians in the ambulatory environment. Physicians purchasing or upgrading an EMR system should include the smoking cessation support features as part of their requirements. Future stages in the federal government’s EMR Meaningful Use incentives and rewards program should include explicit metrics related to smoking cessation activities.
Implications:
The findings of this article contribute to current literature on EMR and smoking cessation by providing empirical evidence that advanced EMR systems w...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Bae, J., Ford, E. W., Huerta, T. R. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Tobacco Dependence Treatment Training Programs: An International Survey
Conclusions:
One in five countries reported having no tobacco treatment training program representing little progress in terms of training individuals to deliver tobacco treatment in LMICs. Without more trained tobacco treatment providers, one of the tenets of Article 14 is not yet being met and health inequalities are likely to widen. More effort and resources are needed to ensure that healthcare worker educational programs include training to assess tobacco use and deliver brief advice and that training is available for individuals outside the healthcare system in areas with limited healthcare access. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Kruse, G. R., Rigotti, N. A., Raw, M., McNeill, A., Murray, R., Pine-Abata, H., Bitton, A., McEwen, A. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Sex Differences in Varenicline Efficacy for Smoking Cessation: A Meta-Analysis
Conclusions:
Unlike other smoking cessation medications, varenicline demonstrated greater efficacy among women smokers for short and immediate-term outcomes and equal efficacy for 1-year outcomes. Varenicline may be particularly useful for reducing the sex disparity typically seen in rates of smoking cessation.
Implications:
Varenicline is currently the most effective FDA-approved smoking cessation medication and this is the first demonstration that women compared with men have a preferred therapeutic response for a smoking cessation medication when considering short-term outcomes. Importantly, this is also the first demo...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: McKee, S. A., Smith, P. H., Kaufman, M., Mazure, C. M., Weinberger, A. H. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
A Systematic Review of Smoking Cessation Interventions for Adults in Substance Abuse Treatment or Recovery
Conclusions:
NRT, behavioral support, and combination approaches appear to increase smoking abstinence in those treated for substance use disorders. Higher quality studies are required to strengthen the evidence base. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Thurgood, S. L., McNeill, A., Clark-Carter, D., Brose, L. S. Tags: Review Source Type: research
Prenatal and Postnatal Maternal Trajectories of Cigarette Use Predict Adolescent Cigarette Use
Conclusions:
This is the first study to examine trajectories of maternal cigarette use from pregnancy to 16 years postpartum, linking prenatal and postnatal patterns of maternal use to use in adolescent offspring. Our findings highlight the risk associated with prenatal exposure, because mothers who used during pregnancy but quit by 6 years postpartum still had offspring who were 3.5 times more likely to smoke than non/infrequent users.
Implications:
This is the first study to examine trajectories of maternal cigarette use from the prenatal period to 16 years postpartum, and to link prenatal and postnatal patterns of use ...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: De Genna, N. M., Goldschmidt, L., Day, N. L., Cornelius, M. D. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
Passive and Active Tobacco Exposure and Childrens Lipid Profiles
Conclusions:
After accounting for sociodemographic characteristics and medical comorbidities, serum lipids and markers of systemic inflammation were not associated with SHS exposure. Tobacco smoke exposure in children may require longer durations of compounded effect before serum lipid abnormalities are detected.
Implications:
This paper adds detail to the study of secondhand smoke’s effects on lipid profiles of children and adolescents. Prior research on this topic for these age groups has been limited, and this study provides national, cross-sectional data to show that both secondhand smoke and active smoking in c...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Zakhar, J., Amrock, S. M., Weitzman, M. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
Challenges in Enforcing Home Smoking Rules in a Low-Income Population: Implications for Measurement and Intervention Design
Conclusions:
Findings suggest the majority of households with newly adopted smoke-free rules had no or rare enforcement challenges, but about one-fifth reported their rules were broken sometimes or very often. Interventions to create smoke-free homes should address enforcement challenges as newly adopted rules may be fragile in some households.
Implications:
Interventions that promote smoke-free homes should address enforcement challenges. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Kegler, M. C., Haardörfer, R., Berg, C., Escoffery, C., Bundy, L., Williams, R., Mullen, P. D. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
Exposure to the Tips From Former Smokers Campaign Among Adolescents in the United States
Conclusions:
Tips has significant reach among adolescents in the United States, particularly among those with smoking experience and those whose life environments include more pro-smoking influences. Close monitoring of the Tips’ impact on this important population is needed.
Implications:
This study shows substantial adolescent awareness of the Tips campaign in the United States. This evidence has important implications for the comprehensive evaluation of the public health impact of Tips. So far research on Tips has focused almost entirely on adult smokers. Findings of this study suggest that the potential impact...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Zhao, X., Cai, X. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
