Waterpipe (Hookah) Smoking Among Youth and Women in Canada is New, not Traditional
Conclusion:
Peer influence, availability of flavored products and facile access to WP cafés are major factors in WP initiation. Ethno-cultural traditions play only a minor role. The assertion that cultural traditions and practice are inherent in WP smoking as implied by media and marketing was not supported by our findings. Contemporary use of WP is spreading among new non-traditional users. Lack of knowledge about the harms of WP smoking indicates a need for education and regulation to require packaging and health warning labels and restrictions on access, especially to minors. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Hammal, F., Wild, T. C., Nykiforuk, C., Abdullahi, K., Mussie, D., Finegan, B. A. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Prevalence and Sociodemographic Determinants of Any Tobacco Use and Dual Use in Six Countries of the WHO South-East Asia Region: Findings From the Demographic and Health Surveys
Conclusion:
Prevalence of dual tobacco use and its underlying socioeconomic disparities should be taken into account for the planning of tobacco control activities in the region.
Implications:
The dual tobacco use phenomenon is being increasingly recognized as a distinct entity in the fight against tobacco addiction. When compared with single product users, dual users have a greater risk of developing tobacco related diseases and are less likely to quit their habits. However, this phenomenon has not been studied adequately in the South-East Asia region. In this context, this study has provided a detailed and comprehensive...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Sinha, D. N., Suliankatchi, R. A., Amarchand, R., Krishnan, A. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Flavored Tobacco Products in the United States: A Systematic Review Assessing Use and Attitudes
Conclusions:
The Food and Drug Administration has expressed interest in regulating flavored tobacco products. This systematic review strengthens the evidence base relating to this issue by synthesizing the literature from the United States on the use of and attitudes toward flavored tobacco. To address gaps in the literature, more research is needed to understand how flavoring impacts tobacco use over time. The evidence base would further be strengthened with the collection of brand-, flavor-, and product-specific data. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Feirman, S. P., Lock, D., Cohen, J. E., Holtgrave, D. R., Li, T. Tags: Review Source Type: research
Contextual Information Around the First Use of Electronic Cigarettes Among New Zealand Smokers and Recent Quitters
(Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Li, J., Newcombe, R., Walton, D. Tags: Letter Source Type: research
A Proposed Collaboration Against Big Tobacco: Common Ground Between the Vaping and Public Health Community in the United States
This study brings light to the contentious debate between the vaping and public health communities. It addresses how both sides are responsible for bringing misleading information to the public and vocal leaders on both sides are unknowingly intensifying and polarizing the debate-likely at the expense of public health. It also describes how this conflict is avoidable, and provides a starting point for potential positions of common ground against Big Tobacco. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Wagener, T. L., Meier, E., Tackett, A. P., Matheny, J. D., Pechacek, T. F. Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
Sociodemographic Differences in the Use of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems in the European Union
Conclusions:
In 2012, ever-use of ENDS was low in the European population in general. However, younger people or those with a high education used ENDS more frequently. These results indicate a need for more appropriate product information targeted at these groups.
Implications:
This study shows that in the European Union in 2012, regular use of ENDS was rare, especially among nonsmokers. Only age and education were strongly associated with ENDS use. The increased prevalence of ever-use among the younger age groups is relevant, as in this age group smoking habits are established. The higher ever-use of ENDS among younger a...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Ooms, G. I., Bosdriesz, J. R., Portrait, F. R. M., Kunst, A. E. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
Effects of Electronic Cigarette Liquid Nicotine Concentration on Plasma Nicotine and Puff Topography in Tobacco Cigarette Smokers: A Preliminary Report
Conclusions:
For a given ECIG device, nicotine delivery may be directly related to liquid concentration. ECIG-naïve cigarette smokers can, from their first use bout, attain cigarette-like nicotine delivery profiles with some currently available ECIG products.
Implications:
Liquid nicotine concentration can influence plasma nicotine concentration in ECIG-naïve cigarette smokers, and, at some concentrations, the nicotine delivery profile of a 3.3V ECIG with a dual coil, 1.5-Ohm cartomizer approaches that of a combustible tobacco cigarette in this population. Finding a product that delivers nicotine as effect...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Lopez, A. A., Hiler, M. M., Soule, E. K., Ramoa, C. P., Karaoghlanian, N. V., Lipato, T., Breland, A. B., Shihadeh, A. L., Eissenberg, T. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
Patterns of Electronic Cigarette Use Among Adults in the United States
Conclusions:
Extremely low e-cigarette use among never-smokers and longer term former smokers suggest that e-cigarettes neither promote widespread initiation nor relapse among adults. Recognition of the heterogeneity of smokers, including the time since quitting, is critical to draw accurate conclusions about patterns of e-cigarette use at the population level and its potential for public health benefit or harm.
Implications:
Data from 2014 National Health Interview Survey indicate that e-cigarettes have not been attracting adult non-smokers or promoting relapse in longer term former smokers. Moreover, the data are sugges...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Delnevo, C. D., Giovenco, D. P., Steinberg, M. B., Villanti, A. C., Pearson, J. L., Niaura, R. S., Abrams, D. B. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
Levels of Selected Groups of Compounds in Refill Solutions for Electronic Cigarettes
Conclusions:
A panel of methods were developed and validated and subsequently used to assess the levels of selected groups of compounds in electronic cigarette refill solutions. Propylene glycol and glycerol constituted the major ingredients of most refill solutions. The nicotine content was generally not labeled clearly or accurately. The exposure and health effects on consumers of these impurities, toxicants, or carcinogens should be further evaluated.
Implications:
Our study have developed methods and assessed the levels of eight groups of compounds in 55 refill solutions for 17 brands in the Chinese market. Our study ...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Han, S., Chen, H., Zhang, X., Liu, T., Fu, Y. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Determination of Nicotine Content and Delivery in Disposable Electronic Cigarettes Available in the United States by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Conclusions:
Analyses of unpuffed E-Cigs by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry indicate the nicotine content of these products can be considerably different from manufacture’s labeling. Furthermore, a large portion of the nicotine in E-Cigs may not be transferred to the user, and that which is transferred, may often be in the less bioavailable form. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Pagano, T., DiFrancesco, A. G., Smith, S. B., George, J., Wink, G., Rahman, I., Robinson, R. J. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Vapor Store Owner Beliefs and Messages to Customers
Conclusions:
Local store owners are an important source of health information for current and potential e-cigarette users but their messages to customers may be based on incomplete or misinterpreted information. Understanding local store owner messages to customers in addition to internet-based messages is an important area for future public health research. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Cheney, M. K., Gowin, M., Wann, T. F. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Perceived Harm of Secondhand Electronic Cigarette Vapors and Policy Support to Restrict Public Vaping: Results From a National Survey of US Adults
This study shows that support for banning vaping in public spaces in the United States is positively associated with perceived health harms of SHV exposure. The findings suggest that continued monitoring of public perception of SHV harm and the accuracy of e-cigarette marketing claims about reduced harm would be needed to guide clean air policy decisions. With the emergence of new scientific evidence of the potential effects of SHV exposure, these results will serve as an important baseline of public perceptions and opinion during a time when such evidence was particularly limited. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Mello, S., Bigman, C. A., Sanders-Jackson, A., Tan, A. S. L. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Adverse Effects of Electronic Cigarette Use: A Concept Mapping Approach
Conclusions:
ECIG use is associated with adverse effects that should be monitored as ECIGs continue to grow in popularity. If ECIGs are to be regulated, policies should be created that minimize the likelihood of user identified adverse effects.
Implications:
This article provides a list of adverse effects reported by experienced ECIG users. This article organizes these effects into a conceptual model that may be useful for better understanding the adverse outcomes associated with ECIG use. These identified adverse effects may be useful for health professionals and policy makers. Health professionals should be aware of pot...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Soule, E. K., Nasim, A., Rosas, S. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Electronic Cigarettes: Awareness, Recent Use, and Attitudes Within a Sample of Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Australian Smokers
Conclusions:
Rates of awareness and trial of e-cigarettes within a disadvantaged sample of Australian smokers are comparable to rates found within representative samples of the general Australian population. Previously trying e-cigarettes and higher levels of motivation to quit were associated with more positive perceptions of e-cigarette safety and effectiveness.
Implications:
This study demonstrates that socioeconomically disadvantaged smokers are aware of and accessing e-cigarettes in a country with relatively high restrictions covering e-cigarette sale and use. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Twyman, L., Bonevski, B., Paul, C., Bryant, J., Gartner, C., Guillaumier, A. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Electronic Cigarettes--Attitudes and Use in Germany
Conclusions:
This is the first study to report on the use of e-cigarettes in Germany. Our results support those of previous studies in other populations. Further research is still needed on the potential health effects of e-cigarettes and their efficacy as a smoking cessation aid.
Implications:
The study is the first description of attitudes and use of e-cigarettes in Germany. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Rüther, T., Wissen, F., Linhardt, A., Aichert, D. S., Pogarell, O., de Vries, H. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
