Assessment of Residents Attitudes and Satisfaction Before and After Implementation of a Smoke-Free Policy in Boston Multiunit Housing
Conclusions:
Resident support for smoke-free policies is high. However, lack of enforcement of smoke-free policies may cause frustration and resentment among residents, potentially leading to a decrease in housing satisfaction.
Implications:
Smoke-free housing laws are becoming increasingly prevalent, yet little is known about satisfaction and compliance with such policies post-implementation. We evaluated nonsmoking residents’ attitudes about smoke-free rules and their satisfaction with enforcement 1 year after the BHA implemented its comprehensive smoke-free policy. We found that while residents were supportive of...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Rokicki, S., Adamkiewicz, G., Fang, S. C., Rigotti, N. A., Winickoff, J. P., Levy, D. E. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Smoking Behaviors and Attitudes Among Clients and Staff at New York Addiction Treatment Programs Following a Smoking Ban: Findings After 5 Years
Conclusions:
Staff and clients may respond differentially to tobacco-free policies depending on type of treatment program, and this finding may help to inform the implementation of tobacco-free policies in other statewide addiction treatment systems. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Pagano, A., Guydish, J., Le, T., Tajima, B., Passalacqua, E., Soto-Nevarez, A., Brown, L. S., Delucchi, K. L. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Are Partial Workplace Smoking Bans as Effective as Complete Smoking Bans? A National Population-Based Study of Smoke-Free Policy Among Japanese Employees
Conclusions:
Although complete smoking bans were associated with lower levels of employee smoking and SHS-related discomfort/ill-health compared with no smoking ban, partial bans were not. Findings from PS weighting of TEU suggest that partial workplace bans may not be any more effective for Japanese employees than no ban. Therefore, complete bans may be strongly recommended for future implementation, but careful interpretation of the data is necessary because of the cross-sectional study design. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Tabuchi, T., Hoshino, T., Nakayama, T. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Low-Cost Air Quality Monitoring Methods to Assess Compliance With Smoke-Free Regulations: A Multi-Center Study in Six Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Conclusions:
This study suggests that low-cost air quality monitoring is a viable method for improving knowledge about environmental SHS and can provide indicative data on compliance with local and national SF legislation in hospitality venues in LMICs.
Implications:
Air quality monitoring can provide objective scientific data on SHS and air quality levels in venues to assess the effectiveness of SF laws and identify required improvements. Equipment costs and high outdoor air pollution levels have hitherto limited application in LMICs. This study tested the feasibility of using a validated low-cost methodology in hospital...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Jackson-Morris, A., Bleymann, K., Lyall, E., Aslam, F., Bam, T. S., Chowdhury, I., Daouda, E. A., Espinosa, M., Romo, J., Singh, R. J., Semple, S. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Prospective Associations Between Early Long-Term Household Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Subsequent Indicators of Metabolic Risk at Age 10
Conclusions:
We found significant long-term prospective associations between home-based secondhand smoke exposure and unhealthy body fat distribution. Waist circumference in youth has become an important risk factor for obesity-related diseases in adulthood. Our findings emphasize the importance public health initiatives and parental sensitization aimed at domestic exposure reductions during the critical early childhood years. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Pagani, L. S., Nguyen, A. K. D., Fitzpatrick, C. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Estimating the Potential Impact of Tobacco Control Policies on Adverse Maternal and Child Health Outcomes in the United States Using the SimSmoke Tobacco Control Policy Simulation Model
Conclusions:
Our findings demonstrate the substantial impact of strong tobacco control policies for preventing adverse MCH outcomes, including long-term health implications for children exposed to low birth weight and preterm birth. These benefits are often overlooked in discussions of tobacco control. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Levy, D., Mohlman, M. K., Zhang, Y. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Socioeconomic Inequalities in Secondhand Smoke Exposure at Home and at Work in 15 Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Conclusion:
SHS exposure at homes is higher among the socioeconomically disadvantaged in the majority of LMICs studied; at workplaces, exposure is higher among the less educated. Pro-equity tobacco control interventions alongside targeted efforts in these groups are recommended to reduce inequalities in SHS exposure.
Implications:
SHS exposure is higher among the socioeconomically disadvantaged groups in high-income countries. Comprehensive smoke-free policies are pro-equity for certain health outcomes that are strongly influenced by SHS exposure. Using nationally representative Global Adult Tobacco Survey (2008–201...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Nazar, G. P., Lee, J. T., Arora, M., Millett, C. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
The Cost of Smoking in California
Conclusions:
Despite extensive efforts at tobacco control in California, healthcare and lost productivity costs attributable to smoking remain high. Compared to costs for 1999, the total cost was 15% greater in 2009. However, after adjusting for inflation, real costs have fallen by 13% over the past decade, indicating that efforts have been successful in reducing the economic burden of smoking in the state. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Max, W., Sung, H.-Y., Shi, Y., Stark, B. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research
Three Decades of High-Dose Nicotine Gum Dependence Treated With Nicotine Patches
Conclusion:
Nicotine patches may be an effective treatment for long-term nicotine gum addiction. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Mendelsohn, C. P. Tags: Case Study Source Type: research
Food and Drug Administration Response to the ATTUD/SRNT Policy Statement on the Labeling of Nicotine Replacement Therapies
(Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Winchell, C., Raffaelli, R. M., Roca, R., Michele, T. Tags: Letter Source Type: research
The Impact of Asking About Interest in Free Nicotine Patches on Smokers Stated Intent to Change: Real Effect or Artefact of Question Ordering?
Conclusions:
There are several possible explanations of the results. It is possible that offers of free nicotine patches increases smokers intentions to quit, at least temporarily. Alternatively, smokers being asked about interest in free nicotine patches may expect that the researchers would like to hear about people intending to quit, and respond accordingly. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Cunningham, J. A., Kushnir, V., McCambridge, J. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
Response Parameters for SMS Text Message Assessments Among Pregnant and General Smokers Participating in SMS Cessation Trials
Conclusions:
Text message assessments within trial-based cessation programs yield rapid responses from a sizable proportion of smokers, which can be increased using text reminders. While few sources of nonresponse bias were identified for general smokers, older and more deprived pregnant women were less likely to respond.
Implications:
This study demonstrates that most pregnant and general smokers enrolled in a cessation trial will respond to a small number of questions about their smoking sent by text message, mostly within 1 hour of being sent the assessment text message. For those who do not initially respond, our find...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Naughton, F., Riaz, M., Sutton, S. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
Feasibility and Smokers Evaluation of Self-Generated Text Messages to Promote Quitting
Conclusion:
It is feasible for smokers to self-generate motivational text and audio messages concerning reasons for quitting, even among smokers without an immediate desire to quit. Participants evaluated the messages and intervention favorably. Future research should test self-generated messages in larger trials of self- versus expert-generated message.
Implications:
This study assessed the feasibility and participants’ evaluation of two ways to self-generate smoking cessation messages delivered via cell-phone. It is feasible for smokers to self-generate motivational text and audio messages concerning reasons for q...
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Shaw, R. J., Pollak, K., Zullig, L. L., Bennett, G., Hawkins, K., Lipkus, I. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
Adolescent Smoking Cessation With Bupropion: The Role of Adherence
Conclusions:
Effectiveness of bupropion for adolescent smoking cessation is contingent on achieving high rates of medication adherence, but considerable variations in adherence impacted outcomes.
Implications:
Few studies have assessed the safety and efficacy of medications to help adolescent smokers quit, and we conducted one such study assessing bupropion. In this analysis of that original study, we assess the role of adherence in use of medication and quit rates. We found that adherence was related to outcomes, particularly in the 300-mg dose of bupropion. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Leischow, S. J., Muramoto, M. L., Matthews, E., Floden, L. L., Grana, R. A. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
Evaluating Nicotine Craving, Withdrawal, and Substance Use as Mediators of Smoking Cessation in Cocaine- and Methamphetamine-Dependent Patients
Conclusions:
Nicotine craving accounts for a small but meaningful portion of the relationship between smoking-cessation treatment and smoking abstinence during SUD treatment. Nicotine craving following a quit attempt may be a useful therapeutic target for increasing the effectiveness of smoking-cessation treatment in substance dependence. (Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research)
Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - April 8, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Magee, J. C., Lewis, D. F., Winhusen, T. Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research
