Modulation of nesfatin-1-induced cardiovascular effects by the central cholinergic system
Nesfatin-1, a peptide whose receptor is yet to be identified, has been shown to be involved in the modulation of feeding, stress, and metabolic responses. Recently, increasing evidence has supported a modulatory role of nesfatin-1 in cardiovascular activity. We have previously reported that nesfatin-1 causes an increase in blood pressure in normotensive and hypotensive rats by increasing plasma catecholamine, vasopressin, and renin levels. Recent reports suggest that nesfatin-1 may activate the central cholinergic system. (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - May 4, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Begum Aydin, Gokcen Guvenc, Burcin Altinbas, Nasir Niaz, Murat Yalcin Source Type: research
Galanin decreases spontaneous resting contractions and potentiates acetyl choline-induced contractions of goldfish gut
Galanin (GAL) is a 29 amino acid peptide, first identified from the porcine intestine and widely distributed within the brain and peripheral tissues. Among GAL biological functions, its role as a potent appetite-stimulating peptide is probably the most studied. With galanin's established role in the modulation of food intake in fish, this study aims to evaluate the effects of GAL on the intestinal motility of the goldfish, Carassius auratus, using an organ bath system. Our results found that application of GAL to the organ bath causes a significant concentration-dependent decrease in the amplitude of spontaneous contractio...
Source: Neuropeptides - April 23, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Elsie T. Mensah, Ayelen Melisa Blanco, Andrew Donini, Suraj Unniappan Source Type: research
Effects of centrally administered glucagon-like peptide-2 on blood pressure and barosensitive neurons in spontaneously hypertensive rats
The central administration of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) decreases blood pressure in rats. In the present study, we investigated the hypotensive effects of GLP-2 using spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), an animal model of hypertension. The central administration of GLP-2 (0.6 μg) decreased mean arterial pressure (MAP) in SHRs (−24.1 ± 4.5%; P 0.05), whereas GLP-2 (6 μg) decreased MAP in WKY rats (−23.5 ± 4.2%; P (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - April 17, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sachie Sasaki-Hamada, Koji Narusawa, Ryuji Nakamura, Hitoshi Ishibashi, Jun-Ichiro Oka Source Type: research
PACAP and VIP regulate hypoxia-inducible factors in neuroblastoma cells exposed to hypoxia
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) are two related peptides acting as neurotransmitters/neuromodulators in central and peripheral nervous system. They are also involved in cancer showing a controversial role. Particulary, they are implicated in neuroblastoma differentiation (NB). This pediatric tumor can evolve to a malignant metastatic disease or spontaneously regress towards a benign form, known as ganglioneuroblastoma/ganglioneuroma. (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - April 17, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Grazia Maugeri, Agata Grazia D'Amico, Daniela Maria Ras à, Salvatore Saccone, Concetta Federico, Sebastiano Cavallaro, Velia D'Agata Source Type: research
Effects of centrally administered glucagon-like peptide-2 on blood pressure and barosensitive neurons in spontaneously hypertensive rats
The central administration of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) decreases blood pressure in rats. In the present study, we investigated the hypotensive effects of GLP-2 using spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), an animal model of hypertension. The central administration of GLP-2 (0.6 μg) decreased mean arterial pressure (MAP) in SHRs (−24.1 ± 4.5%; P 0.05), whereas GLP-2 (6 μg) decreased MAP in WKY rats (−23.5 ± 4.2%; P (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - April 17, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sachie Sasaki-Hamada, Koji Narusawa, Ryuji Nakamura, Hitoshi Ishibashi, Jun-Ichiro Oka Source Type: research
PACAP and VIP regulate hypoxia-inducible factors in neuroblastoma cells exposed to hypoxia
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) are two related peptides acting as neurotransmitters/neuromodulators in central and peripheral nervous system. They are also involved in cancer showing a controversial role. Particulary, they are implicated in neuroblastoma differentiation (NB). This pediatric tumor can evolve to a malignant metastatic disease or spontaneously regress towards a benign form, known as ganglioneuroblastoma/ganglioneuroma. (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - April 17, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Grazia Maugeri, Agata Grazia D'Amico, Daniela Maria Ras à, Salvatore Saccone, Concetta Federico, Sebastiano Cavallaro, Velia D'Agata Source Type: research
Up-regulation of Dyrk1b promote astrocyte activation following lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation
In this study, in vivo, we demonstrated that Dyrk1b expression was significantly increased and reached a peak at 12 h after LPS injection via Western blot. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that Dyrk1b co-located with GFAP and Ki67. In vitro, the expression of Dyrk1b, Ki67 and cyclinD1 was gradually increased and reached a peak at 12 h in a time-dependent manner after 1 μg/mL LPS stimulation. (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - April 16, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mingqing He, Jun Gu, Jinzhou Zhu, Xiaoyan Wang, Chengniu Wang, Chengwei Duan, Yingjie Ni, Xiang Lu, Jianzhong Li Source Type: research
Mechanisms of sustained long-term weight loss after RYGB: α-MSH is a key factor
Obesity, a disease characterized by excessive fat accumulation, is a serious public health problem. Recent data from the World Health Organization show that obesity affects 13% of the global adult population and 17% of adult population in Brazil. In brief, obesity is mainly a result of higher food intake with respect to energy expenditure. As a consequence, obesity is also associated with a higher risk of development of cardiometabolic disorders (Ahl et al., 2015; Di Chiara et al., 2015; Ma et al., 2016; Jamar et al., 2017). (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - April 16, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Gisele Farias, B árbara Dal Molin Netto, Katia Cristina Boritza, Solange Cravo Bettini, Ana Raimunda Dâmaso, Alexandre Coutinho Teixeira de Freitas Source Type: research
Does somatostatin have a role to play in migraine headache?
Migraine is a condition without apparent pathology. Its cardinal symptom is the prolonged excruciating headache. Theories about this pain have posited pathologies which run the gamut from neural to vascular to neurovascular, but no observations have detected a plausible pathology. We believe that no pathology can be found for migraine headache because none exists. Migraine is not driven by pathology – it is driven by neural events produced by triggers – or simply by neural noise- noise that has crossed a critical threshold. (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - April 16, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Geoffrey A. Lambert, Alessandro S. Zagami Tags: News and reviews Source Type: research
Mechanisms of sustained long-term weight loss after RYGB: α-MSH is a key factor
Obesity, a disease characterized by excessive fat accumulation, is a serious public health problem. Recent data from the World Health Organization show that obesity affects 13% of the global adult population and 17% of adult population in Brazil. In brief, obesity is mainly a result of higher food intake with respect to energy expenditure. As a consequence, obesity is also associated with a higher risk of development of cardiometabolic disorders (Ahl et al., 2015; Di Chiara et al., 2015; Ma et al., 2016; Jamar et al., 2017). (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - April 16, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Gisele Farias, B árbara Dal Molin Netto, Katia Cristina Boritza, Solange Cravo Bettini, Ana Raimunda Dâmaso, Alexandre Coutinho Teixeira de Freitas Source Type: research
Up-regulation of Dyrk1b promote astrocyte activation following lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation
In this study, in vivo, we demonstrated that Dyrk1b expression was significantly increased and reached a peak at 12 h after LPS injection via Western blot. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that Dyrk1b co-located with GFAP and Ki67. In vitro, the expression of Dyrk1b, Ki67 and cyclinD1 was gradually increased and reached a peak at 12 h in a time-dependent manner after 1 μg/mL LPS stimulation. (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - April 16, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mingqing He, Jun Gu, Jinzhou Zhu, Xiaoyan Wang, Chengniu Wang, Chengwei Duan, Yingjie Ni, Xiang Lu, Jianzhong Li Source Type: research
Mechanisms of sustained long-term weight loss after RYGB: A-MSH is a key factor
Obesity, a disease characterized by excessive fat accumulation, is a serious public health problem. Recent data from the World Health Organization show that obesity affects 13% of the global adult population and 17% of adult population in Brazil. In brief, obesity is mainly a result of higher food intake with respect to energy expenditure. As a consequence, obesity is also associated with a higher risk of development of cardiometabolic disorders (Ahl et al., 2015; Di Chiara et al., 2015; Ma et al., 2016; Jamar et al., 2017). (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - April 16, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Gisele Farias, B árbara Dal Molin Netto, Katia Boritza, Solange Cravo Bettini, Ana Raimunda Dâmaso, Alexandre Coutinho Teixeira de Freitas Source Type: research
Does somatostatin have a role to play in migraine headache?
Migraine is a condition without apparent pathology. Its cardinal symptom is the prolonged excruciating headache. Theories about this pain have posited pathologies which run the gamut from neural to vascular to neurovascular, but no observations have detected a plausible pathology. We believe that no pathology can be found for migraine headache because none exists. Migraine is not driven by pathology – it is driven by neural events produced by triggers – or simply by neural noise- noise that has crossed a critical threshold. (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - April 16, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Geoffrey A. Lambert, Alessandro S. Zagami Tags: News and reviews Source Type: research
Spinal injection of newly identified cerebellin-1 and cerebellin-2 peptides induce mechanical hypersensitivity in mice
By screening for neuropeptides in the mouse spinal cord using mass spectrometry (MS), we have previously demonstrated that one of the 78 peptides that is expressed predominantly (> 6-fold) in the dorsal horn compared to the ventral spinal cord is the atypical peptide desCER [des-Ser1]-cerebellin, which originates from the precursor protein cerebellin 1 (CBLN1). Furthermore, we found that intrathecal injection of desCER induces mechanical hypersensitivity in a dose dependent manner.The current study was designed to further investigate the relative expression of other CBLN derived peptides in the spinal cord and to examine w...
Source: Neuropeptides - April 13, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Katalin Sandor, Shibu Krishnan, Nilesh Mohan Agalave, Emerson Krock, Jaira Villarreal Salcido, Teresa Fernandez-Zafra, Payam Emami Khoonsari, Camilla I. Svensson, Kim Kultima Source Type: research
