Chelating and antioxidant properties of l-Dopa containing tetrapeptide for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases
Neurodegenerative diseases share a common pathogenetic mechanism involving aggregation and deposition of misfolded proteins, oxidative stress, metal dyshomeostasis, and glutamate exicitotoxicity, which lead to progressive dysfunction of central nervous system (CNS). A potential strategy to counteract these deleterious events at neuronal level is represented by the employment of a novel class of multi-target therapeutic agents that selectively and simultaneously hit these targetsIn this paper, we report the metal binding and antioxidant properties of a novel metal-protein attenuating peptide, GSH-LD, a tetrapeptide obtained...
Source: Neuropeptides - June 18, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ivana Cacciatore, Lisa Marinelli, Antonio Di Stefano, Valerio Di Marco, Giustino Orlando, Mirko Gabriele, Daniela Maria Pia Gatta, Alessio Ferrone, Sara Franceschelli, Lorenza Speranza, Antonia Patruno Source Type: research
Clearance kinetics of the VGF-derived neuropeptide TLQP-21
TLQP-21 is a multifunctional neuropeptide and a promising new medicinal target for cardiometabolic and neurological diseases. However, to date its clearance kinetics and plasma stability have not been studied. The presence of four arginine residues led us to hypothesize that its half-life is relatively short. Conversely, its biological activities led us to hypothesize that the peptide is still taken up by adipose tissues effectively. [125I]TLQP-21 was i.v. administered in rats followed by chasing the plasma radioactivity and assessing tissue uptake. (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - June 18, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ZengKui Guo, Bhavani Sahu, Rongjun He, Brian Finan, Cheryl Cero, Raffaello Verardi, Maria Razzoli, Gianluigi Veglia, Richard D. Di Marchi, John M. Miles, Alessandro Bartolomucci Source Type: research
Response of NPY immunoreactivity in the tadpole brain exposed to energy rich and energy depleted states
The central control of feeding in animals depends upon the alternating actions of orexigenic and anorectic peptides. Studies at understanding the food intake mechanisms have emphasised the role of Neuropeptide Y as a potent orexigenic peptide in the brain. The aim of this study is to investigate the response of NPY system to positive and negative energy states and elucidate a holistic response of NPY expression throughout the brain of a tadpole model. The pre-metamorphic tadpoles of Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis were subjected to fasting, or intra-cranially injected with glucose or 2-deoxy-d-Glucose (2DG)-a metabolic antagonist...
Source: Neuropeptides - June 13, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Swapnil Shewale, Ishfaq Ali, Kavita Hadawale, Shobha Bhargava Source Type: research
Bombesin-induced enhancement of memory consolidation in male and female rat pups: Role of glutamatergic, and dopaminergic systems
Previous studies have shown that the neuropeptide bombesin (BBS) enhances consolidation of specifically for inhibitory avoidance memoryin adult rats. However, its effect on memory consolidation during premature period is not clear as well. Thus, this study evaluated the effect of BBS and its interaction with glutamatergic and dopaminergic systems on memory consolidation in rat pups. Male and female rat pups (30 days old) were trained in an inhibitory avoidance (IA) task (0.5 mA, 3 s footshock). Memory retention was tested 24 h later during which the latency to re-enter to the shock compartment was recorded. (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - June 1, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ali Ghanbari, Nasroallah Moradi Kor, Ali Rashidy-Pour Source Type: research
Exercise-induced changes in neurotrophic factors and markers of blood-brain barrier permeability are moderated by weight status in multiple sclerosis
This study investigated the effect of exercise training on markers of blood-brain barrier permeability and neurotrophic factors as a function of weight status in multiple sclerosis patients. Sixty three persons with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis who were normal weight (n: 33) or overweight (n: 33) were randomly assigned into groups of exercise (normal weight training, n: 18; overweight training group, n: 18) or no exercise (normal weight control, n: 15; overweight control group, n: 15). (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - May 31, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Motahare Mokhtarzade, Robert Motl, Raoof Negaresh, Philipp Zimmer, Mostafa Khodadoost, Julien S. Baker, Darpan Patel, Nastaran Majdinasab, Rouholah Ranjbar Source Type: research
Enhanced radiosensitization of human glioblastoma multiforme cells with phosphorylated peptides derived from Gli2
Glioma-Associated Oncogene Family Zinc Finger 2 (Gli2) seems to be the major nuclear effector of Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling to regulate self-renewal and tumorigenic potential of Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells. Three phosphorylated peptides derived from Gli2 were synthesized and combined with cell-penetrating peptide Tat-(47 –57) (AYGRKKRRQRRR). Western Blot was applied to detect the phosphorylation level of Gli2 and cell division protein kinase 6 (CDK6) luciferase reporter was utilized to detect the transcriptional activator function of Gli2. (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - May 30, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Lizhang Han, Ling Tang, Zheng Jiang, Yuquan Jiang Source Type: research
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Source: Neuropeptides - May 23, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Apelin, a promising target for Alzheimer disease prevention and treatment
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with high outbreak rates. It is estimated that about 35 million individuals around the world suffered from dementia in 2010. AD is expected to increase twofold every 20 years and, by 2030, approximately 65 million people could suffer from this illness. AD is determined clinically by a cognitive impairment and pathologically by the production of amyloid beta (Aβ), neurofibrillary tangles, toxic free radicals and inflammatory mediators in the brain. (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - May 23, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Javad Masoumi, Morteza Abbasloui, Reza Parvan, Daryoush Mohammadnejad, Graciela Pavon-Djavid, Abolfazl Barzegari, Jalal Abdolalizadeh Tags: News and reviews Source Type: research
Selective and non-selective OT receptor agonists induce different locomotor behaviors in male rats via central OT receptors and peripheral V1a receptors
In this study, we evaluated OT and a selective OT receptor (OTR) agonist, FE 204409, in an automated assay that measures rat locomotor activity. (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - May 21, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Monica Wolfe, Halina Wisniewska, Hiroe Tariga, Gerardo Ibanez, James C. Collins, Kazimierz Wisniewski, Steve Qi, Karthik Srinivasan, Diane Hargrove, Beatriz Fioravanti Lindstrom Source Type: research
An insurmountable NPY Y5 receptor antagonist exhibits superior anti-obesity effects in high-fat diet-induced obese mice
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y5 receptor plays a key role in the effects of NPY, an important neurotransmitter in the control of energy homeostasis including stimulation of food intake and inhibition of energy expenditure. The NPY-Y5 receptor system has been an attractive drug target for potential use in treating obesity. Here we report the discovery and characterization of two novel Y5 receptor antagonists, S-2367 and S-234462. Both compounds displayed high affinity for the Y5 receptor in the radio-ligand binding assay, while in the cell-based functional assay, S-2367 and S-234462 showed, respectively, surmountable and insurmount...
Source: Neuropeptides - May 17, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Yumiko Fukasaka, Hirohide Nambu, Hideki Tanioka, Atsushi Obata, Misato Tonomura, Takayuki Okuno, Hideo Yukioka Source Type: research
The potential role of thyrotropin-releasing hormone in colonic dysmotility induced by water avoidance stress in rats
This study sought to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) on colonic contractile disorders induced by chronic water avoidance stress (WAS). (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - May 14, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Yanzhen Zhang, Chunfeng Wang, Lianfeng Zhang Source Type: research
Effects of estradiol on lactoprivic signaling of the hindbrain upon the contraregulatory hormonal response and metabolic neuropeptide synthesis in hypoglycemic female rats
This study investigated the hypothesis that E signal strength governs metabolic neuropeptide and counter-regulatory hormone responses to hindbrain lactoprivic stimuli in hypoglycemic female rats. (Source: Neuropeptides)
Source: Neuropeptides - May 10, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Santosh K. Mandal, Prem K. Shrestha, Fahaad S.H. Alenazi, Manita Shakya, Hussain N. Alhamami, Karen P. Briski Source Type: research
Myotropic activity of allatostatins in tenebrionid beetles
Neuropeptides control the functioning of the nervous system of insects, and they are the most diverse signalling molecules in terms of structure and function. Allatostatins are pleiotropic neuropeptides that are considered potent myoinhibitors of muscle contractions in insects. We investigated the effects caused by three distinct allatostatins, Dippu-AST1 (LYDFGL-NH2 from Diploptera punctata), Grybi-MIP1 (GWQDLNGGW-NH2 from Gryllum bimamculatus) and Trica-ASTC (pESRYRQCYFNPISCF-OH from Tribolium castaneum) on contractile activity of the myocardium, oviduct and hindgut of two tenebrionid beetles, Tenebrio molitor and Zophob...
Source: Neuropeptides - May 9, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Lubawy Jan, Marciniak Pawe ł, Kuczer Mariola, Rosiński Grzegorz Source Type: research
FNDC5 expression in purkinje neurons of adult male rats with acute spinal cord injury following treatment with methylprednisolone
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious and complex medical condition that can happen to anyone. At present, therapy mainly focuses on rehabilitation and pharmacological treatment, such as methylprednisolone. Supra-spinal changes in certain structures, such as the cerebellum, that receive many afferents from the spinal cord might be one reason for unsuccessful therapeutic outcomes. Recently, the expression of FNDC5 was reported in cerebellar purkinje cells as a possible neuroprotective agent. In the present study, we considered the expression of FNDC5 in purkinje cells following SCI with and without MP administration in adul...
Source: Neuropeptides - May 7, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sajad Hassanzadeh, Seyed Behnamedin Jameie, Mehdi Mehdizadeh, Mansooreh Soleimani, Zeinab Namjoo, Maryam Soleimani Source Type: research
The potential role of substance P in brainstem homeostatic control in the pathogenesis of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
Victims of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) are believed to have an underlying dysfunction in medullary homeostatic control that impairs critical responses to life threatening challenges such as hypoxia, hypercarbia and asphyxia, often during a sleep period. This failure is thought to result from abnormalities in a network of neural pathways in the medulla oblongata that control respiration, chemosensitivity, autonomic function and arousal. Studies have mainly focused on the role of serotonin, 5-hydroxytyptamine (5HT), although the neuropeptide substance P (SP) has also been shown to play an integral role in the modulat...
Source: Neuropeptides - May 4, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Fiona M. Bright, Robert Vink, Roger W. Byard Tags: News and reviews Source Type: research
