Editorial Board and Publication information
(Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - February 1, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Current topics in HIV pathogenesis, part 2: Inflammation drives a Warburg-like effect on the metabolism of HIV-infected subjects
Today, the immuno-metabolism is the heart of an ever growing body of studies, spanning the fields of cancer, auto-immunity, metabolic disorders and infections. This renaissance in the field of metabolism stands on the shoulders of biochemists like Warburg and Krebs, who spent their professional life exploring the intricacies of cell metabolism and the relationship between metabolism, innate immunity and inflammation [1,2]. As humans evolved, the two strongest selection determinants of survival combined a robust immune response able to clear microbes with ability to efficiently store nutrients to survive times when food was...
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - January 27, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Mouna Aounallah, Xavier Dagenais-Lussier, Mohamed El-Far, Vikram Mehraj, Mohammad-Ali Jenabian, Jean-Pierre Routy, Julien van Grevenynghe Tags: Mini review Source Type: research
S100A7: A rAMPing up AMP molecule in psoriasis
Skin defense function is accomplished not only as a mechanical barrier, but also by the production of antimicrobial molecules, such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), including β-defensin, cathelicidins, and members of the S100 protein family [1]. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - January 25, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Fabio D’Amico, Evangelia Skarmoutsou, Mariagrazia Granata, Chiara Trovato, Giulio Antonino Rossi, Maria Clorinda Mazzarino Tags: Mini review Source Type: research
Actions from head to toe: An update on Bone/Body Morphogenetic Proteins in health and disease
The pleiotropic actions of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins in many different tissues has led us to the conclusion that they may be viewed as Body Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs). This is supported by a broad range of distinct BMP-related diseases. Here, we summarize highlights from the 10th international BMP conference, which took place from September 16th to 20th 2014 in Berlin. Attendees updated us on recently identified common and context-specific mechanisms of BMP signaling and function. This included for example new insights into BMP pro-domains, BMP receptors, role of BMPs in muscle and novel consequences of ACVRI mutation...
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - January 5, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Christian Hiepen, David Yadin, Paul Rikeit, Gina Dörpholz, Petra Knaus Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Molecular mechanisms of curcumins suppressing effects on tumorigenesis, angiogenesis and metastasis, focusing on NF-κB pathway
Changes in function of transcription factors, a group of molecules with regulatory roles in cells, have shown to be involved in several steps of carcinogenesis including tumorigenesis, angiogenesis and metastasis. These changes are together with activation or secretion of several oncogenes and cytokines, forming a positive feedback, pushing further the tumorigenesis process. In addition, many other factors including UV/Gamma irradiation and free radicals can accelerate tumor formation process too. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - January 2, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yunes Panahi, Behrad Darvishi, Mostafa Ghanei, Narges Jowzi, Fatemeh Beiraghdar, Behrang Shiri Varnamkhasti Tags: Mini review Source Type: research
Bone morphogenetic proteins in inflammation, glucose homeostasis and adipose tissue energy metabolism
BMPs are large dimeric proteins synthesized and folded in the cytoplasm and cleaved by proteases during secretion. They are highly conserved molecules whose biologically active C-terminal peptide is released into the extracellular compartment to bind membrane receptors on target cells. Ligand binding induces constitutively-active BMP type II receptors to trans phosphorylate the BMP type I receptor which in turn phosphorylates the intracellular BMP effector proteins SMAD1/5/8 whereas TGFβ1 typically activates Smad2 and Smad3 [1–5]. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - December 28, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lovorka Grgurevic, Gitte Lund Christensen, Tim Schulz, Slobodan Vukicevic Tags: Survey Source Type: research
Common mutations in ALK2/ACVR1, a multi-faceted receptor, have roles in distinct pediatric musculoskeletal and neural orphan disorders
ALK2, the product of ACVR1, is a member of the TGFβ family subgroup of type I bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptors that includes ALK1, ALK3 and ALK6 [1]. ALK2 partners with type II BMP receptors - including BMPRII and activin receptor type-2A (ACVRIIA) - to form tetrameric complexes that signal mainly via the canonical SMAD1/5/8 BMP signaling pathway in response to ligand binding but can also activate non-canonical signaling such as through p38MAPK [1,2]. ALK2 is able to bind several ligands in vitro such as BMP4, BMP6, BMP7, BMP9 and activins, but the identity and spectrum of its natural ligands in vivo are not cle...
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - December 27, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Maurizio Pacifici, Eileen M. Shore Tags: Survey Source Type: research
The cytokine-serum amyloid A-chemokine network
During inflammatory events, such as infection, trauma and neoplasia, the acute phase response is initiated to eliminate pathogens and to restore homeostasis without causing too much damage to the organism. This acute phase response is characterized by a wide range of systemic and metabolic changes (e.g., fever, leukocytosis, altered plasma levels of minerals and vitamins), including the induction of acute phase proteins (e.g., serum amyloid A, C-reactive protein) in the liver [1,2]. In humans, serum amyloid A (SAA) is one of the major acute phase proteins and consists of SAA1, SAA2, SAA3 and SAA4. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - December 27, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Mieke De Buck, Mieke Gouwy, Ji Ming Wang, Jacques Van Snick, Paul Proost, Sofie Struyf, Jo Van Damme Tags: Survey Source Type: research
The cytokine-serum amyloid A-chemokine network
During inflammatory events, such as infection, trauma and neoplasia, the acute phase response is initiated to eliminate pathogens and to restore homeostasis without causing too much damage to the organism. This acute phase response is characterized by a wide range of systemic and metabolic changes (e.g. fever, leukocytosis, altered plasma levels of minerals and vitamins), including the induction of acute phase proteins (e.g. serum amyloid A, C-reactive protein) in the liver [1,2]. In humans, serum amyloid A (SAA) is one of the major acute phase proteins and consists of SAA1, SAA2, SAA3 and SAA4. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - December 26, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Mieke De Buck, Mieke Gouwy, Ji Ming Wang, Jacques Van Snick, Paul Proost, Sofie Struyf, Jo Van Damme Tags: Survey Source Type: research
Endocytosis and trafficking of BMP receptors: regulatory mechanisms for fine-tuning the signaling response in different cellular contexts.
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily (TGFβ_SF) which is characterized by the structural resemblance of its ligands and receptors, and by the similarity of mechanisms of intracellular signal transduction [1–5]. The basic signaling module of the TGFβ_SF is evolutionarily conserved (present already in cnidarians [6]) and consists of two types of single-spanning serine threonine kinase receptors (types I and II), and 3 types of Smad proteins (R-Smads, Co-Smad, and I-Smad). (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - December 23, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Marcelo Ehrlich Tags: Survey Source Type: research
New insights into CD4+ T cell abnormalities in systemic sclerosis
Schematic conspectus of SSc pathogenesis. Patients with systemic sclerosis display autoimmunity abnormality, vasculopathy, and fibrosis. Vasculopathy generally occur at the earliest stage and exist throughout the course of the disease. Autoimmunity exacerbate the progression of vasculopathy and fibrosis. Vascular dysregulation and interstitial fibrosis perpetuate autoimmunity. SSc, systemic sclerosis; ECM, extracellular matrix. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - December 18, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Mengguo Liu, Wenyu Wu, Xinfen Sun, Ji Yang, Jinhua Xu, Wenwen Fu, Ming Li Tags: Survey Source Type: research
New insights into CD4 T cell abnormalities in Systemic Sclerosis
Schematic conspectus of SSc pathogenesis. Patients with systemic sclerosis display autoimmunity abnormality, vasculopathy, and fibrosis. Vasculopathy generally occur at the earliest stage and exist throughout the course of the disease. Autoimmunity exacerbate the progression of vasculopathy and fibrosis. Vascular dysregulation and interstitial fibrosis perpetuate autoimmunity. SSc, systemic sclerosis; ECM, extracellular matrix. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - December 18, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Mengguo Liu, Wenyu Wu, Xinfen Sun, Ji Yang, Jinhua Xu, Wenwen Fu, Ming Li Tags: Survey Source Type: research
BMP signaling in vascular biology and dysfunction
The vascular system is critical for developmental growth as well as for tissue homeostasis and repair. It allows an adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients, removal of waste products, and transports liquid and cells through blood and lymphatic vessels. These vessels consist of endothelial cells (ECs) lining the interior surface, which – depending on the vessel type – are covered by pericytes or vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The vasculature is constantly adapting to meet demands from tissues, which undergo growth, repair or regression. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - December 16, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Amaya García de Vinuesa, Salim Abdelilah-Seyfried, Petra Knaus, An Zwijsen, Sabine Bailly Source Type: research
Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), a multifunctional protein in the host defense response
Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), a member of the whey acidic protein family [1], is a key contributor to the host’s antiprotease screen, primarily in mucosal secretions [2]. The most important defining feature of SLPI is its inhibition of serine proteases, including elastase and cathepsin G from human neutrophils, and of mast cell-derived chymase and tryptase [3–6]. This inhibitor is mainly found as a secretory product of epithelial cells but is also produced by host-defense effector cells [7–18]. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - December 16, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Monika Majchrzak-Gorecka, Pawel Majewski, Beata Grygier, Krzysztof Murzyn, Joanna Cichy Tags: Survey Source Type: research
