Molecular structure and differential function of choline kinases CHK α and CHKβ in musculoskeletal system and cancer
Choline, a charged hydrophilic cation, plays an important role in various organs and cells throughout the body, including cholinergic neurotransmission, memory consolidation and as a critical component of cell membranes. Choline is an essential nutrient and can be produced within the body through the degradation of choline containing phospholipids. However, this source is insufficient to maintain choline levels and dietary intake of choline is necessary to prevent choline-deficiency associated liver and muscle damage [1]. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - October 6, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Xi Chen, Heng Qiu, Chao Wang, Yu Yuan, Jennifer Tickner, Jiake Xu, Jun Zou Source Type: research
Curcumin as a natural regulator of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
Effects of curcumin on MCP-1 levels in several in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - October 6, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Maryam Saberi Karimian, Matteo Pirro, Muhammed Majeed, Amirhossein Sahebkar Source Type: research
Editorial Board and Publication information
(Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - September 30, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition: Cytokine-mediated pathways that determine endothelial fibrosis under inflammatory conditions
Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a process by which endothelial cells (ECs) progressively lose endothelial features and gain mesenchymal fibroblast-like characteristics, transitioning from a differentiated to an undifferentiated state [1]. This phenomenon shares many features with the extensively described process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), whereby epithelial cells lose expression of epithelial markers (e.g., E-cadherin, α-, β- and γ-catenin) and gain expression of mesenchymal proteins [e.g. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - September 22, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lorena P érez, Natalia Muñoz-Durango, Claudia A. Riedel, Cesar Echeverría, Alexis M. Kalergis, Claudio Cabello-Verrugio, Felipe Simon Tags: Mini review Source Type: research
GRIM-19: A master regulator of cytokine induced tumor suppression, metastasis and energy metabolism
GRIM-19, a tumor-suppressive protein interacts with other tumor suppressors, oncoproteins and viral gene products to control tumorigenesis. Regulation of immune responses and glucose utilization by GRIM-19 are discussed. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - September 14, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Shreeram C. Nallar, Dhan V. Kalvakolanu Source Type: research
Growth factors as clinical biomarkers of prognosis and diagnosis in psychiatric disorders
Growth factors are cytokines [1] that regulate tissue development, cell fate, migration and survival in all body tissues, including the brain. Some of the most studied growth factors include the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), erythropoietin (EPO), vascular growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor beta (TGF- β), nerve growth factor (NGF), and others (Table 1). These molecules exert a strong cellular control at embryonic and postnatal stages. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - September 6, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Alma Galvez-Contreras, Tania Campos-Ordonez, Veronica Lopez-Virgen, Jesus Gomez-Plascencia, Rodrigo Ramos-Zuniga, Oscar Gonzalez-Perez Tags: Mini review Source Type: research
The CXCL8-CXCR1/2 pathways in cancer
Long-lasting chronic infection is a hallmark of tumourigenesis. Inflammation caused by chemical and physical agents increases the risk of malignancy [1]. Inflammatory responses to numerous cytokines in the tumour microenvironment play a more crucial role in facilitating tumour growth, progression, and immunosuppression compared to rendering a potent anti-tumour effect [2]. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - August 23, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Qian Liu, Anping Li, Yijun Tian, Jennifer D. Wu, Yu Liu, Tengfei Li, Yuan Chen, Xinwei Han, Kongming Wu Source Type: research
Understanding Interferon Subtype Therapy for Viral Infections: Harnessing the Power of the Innate Immune System.
An inherent form of host protection from viruses lies in the ability to rapidly produce an antiviral class II family of alpha-helical cytokines (e.g. interferon, IFN) in response to virus exposure to immediately minimise damage from invading viruses and induce potent immunity, enabling crosstalk between the innate and adaptive immune systems of vertebrates. This review will focus on the early host immune responses of the type I and type III IFN families and the roles of the different subtype genes in viral infections and disease, highlighting influenza, herpes, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis viruses. (Sou...
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - August 11, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Cassandra M. Berry Tags: Mini review Source Type: research
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(Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - July 31, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
The untold story of IFN- γ in cancer biology
The immune system has evolved considering two basic rules: the first rule is “eradicate the foreign (non-self) if it is dangerous”, where the second rule is a caution “do not (severely) harm the host” [1]. For a prodigious power like immunity, it becomes a hard task to be selectively gentle toward normal cells and to avoid immune pathologies. Accordingly, inflammatio n provokes regulatory mechanisms and initiates tissue repair as well [2]. Especially in the sites of inflammation, anti-inflammatory mediators and inhibitory ligands are generally found to be augmented and act as negative feedback mechanisms. (Source: ...
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - July 31, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: M. Alper Kursunel, Gunes Esendagli Source Type: research
Post-translational regulation of ROR γt—A therapeutic target for the modulation of interleukin-17-mediated responses in autoimmune diseases
Post-translational regulation of ROR γt. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - July 24, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Sascha Rutz, Celine Eidenschenk, James R. Kiefer, Wenjun Ouyang Source Type: research
Opposing roles of IL-10 in acute bacterial infection
Vaccines and antibiotics have dramatically reduced the mortality rate caused by bacterial infections worldwide [1]. However, bacterial infections remain a major death cause in children, the elderly and immunocompromised patients, especially in low-income countries [1]. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - July 23, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hern án F. Peñaloza, Barbara M. Schultz, Pamela A. Nieto, Geraldyne A. Salazar, Isidora Suazo, Pablo A. Gonzalez, Claudia A. Riedel, Manuel M. Alvarez-Lobos, Alexis M. Kalergis, Susan M. Bueno Tags: Mini review Source Type: research
Role of interleukin-10 in acute bacterial infections: Friend or foe?
Vaccines and antibiotics have dramatically reduced the mortality rate caused by bacterial infections worldwide [1]. However, bacterial infections remain a major death cause in children, the elderly and immunocompromised patients, especially in low-income countries [1]. (Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews)
Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - July 23, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hern án F. Peñaloza, Barbara M. Schultz, Pamela A. Nieto, Geraldyne A. Salazar, Isidora Suazo, Pablo A. Gonzalez, Claudia A. Riedel, Manuel M. Alvarez-Lobos, Alexis M. Kalergis, Susan M. Bueno Tags: Mini review Source Type: research
