Editorial_Board
(Source: Carcinogenesis)
Source: Carcinogenesis - February 24, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research
Back_Cover
(Source: Carcinogenesis)
Source: Carcinogenesis - February 24, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research
EGFR/MDM2 signaling promotes NF-{kappa}B activation via PPAR{gamma} degradation
Dysregulated expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been implicated in many cancer events, while peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) negatively regulates cancer progression. The molecular mechanism of EGFR interaction with PPAR is still unclear. Here, we found that nuclear EGFR induced phosphorylation of PPAR at Tyr-74 leading to PPAR ubiquitination and degradation by mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) ubiquitin ligase. PPAR degradation by EGFR/MDM2 signaling resulted in accumulation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-B)/p65 protein levels and increasing NF-B activation. In contrast, PPAR–Y74A m...
Source: Carcinogenesis - February 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Xu, Y., Jin, J., Zhang, W., Zhang, Z., Gao, J., Liu, Q., Zhou, C., Xu, Q., Shi, H., Hou, Y., Shi, J. Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research
Homeostatic responses of colonic LGR5+ stem cells following acute in vivo exposure to a genotoxic carcinogen
Perturbations in DNA damage, DNA repair, apoptosis and cell proliferation in the base of the crypt where stem cells reside are associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) initiation and progression. Although the transformation of leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5)+ cells is an extremely efficient route towards initiating small intestinal adenomas, the role of Lgr5+ cells in CRC pathogenesis has not been well investigated. Therefore, we further characterized the properties of colonic Lgr5+ cells compared to differentiated cells in Lgr5-EGFP-IRES-creERT2 knock-in mice at the initiation stage of ca...
Source: Carcinogenesis - February 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kim, E., Davidson, L. A., Zoh, R. S., Hensel, M. E., Patil, B. S., Jayaprakasha, G. K., Callaway, E. S., Allred, C. D., Turner, N. D., Weeks, B. R., Chapkin, R. S. Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research
Alternatively spliced isoforms of IL-32 differentially influence cell death pathways in cancer cell lines
This study demonstrates that IL-32 and IL-32β can induce caspase-8-dependent cell death whereas this was not observed for IL-32α. Overexpression of IL-32β or IL-32 but not IL-32α, resulted in enhanced expression of the survival cytokine IL-8. Furthermore, restoring the IL-8 signaling pathway by overexpressing CXCR1 in HEK293 cells, rescued IL-32β but not IL-32-induced cell death. Interestingly, IL-32 was able to downregulate CXCR1 and thereby induce cell death. Subsequent studies into the role of IL-32 in thyroid cancer (TC) revealed that several IL-32 isoforms, IL-8, and CXCR1 are expressed in T...
Source: Carcinogenesis - February 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Heinhuis, B., Plantinga, T. S., Semango, G., Küsters, B., Netea, M. G., Dinarello, C. A., Smit, J. W. A., Netea-Maier, R. T., Joosten, L. A. B. Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research
Chromosomal copy number alterations and HPV integration in cervical precancer and invasive cancer
(Source: Carcinogenesis)
Source: Carcinogenesis - February 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Bodelon, C., Vinokurova, S., Sampson, J. N., den Boon, J. A., Walker, J. L., Horswill, M. A., Korthauer, K., Schiffman, M., Sherman, M. E., Zuna, R. E., Mitchell, J., Zhang, X., Boland, J. F., Chaturvedi, A. K., Dunn, S. T., Newton, M. A., Ahlquist, P., W Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research
Flaxseed lignans enriched in secoisolariciresinol diglucoside prevent acute asbestos-induced peritoneal inflammation in mice
Malignant mesothelioma (MM), linked to asbestos exposure, is a highly lethal form of thoracic cancer with a long latency period, high mortality and poor treatment options. Chronic inflammation and oxidative tissue damage caused by asbestos fibers are linked to MM development. Flaxseed lignans, enriched in secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cancer chemopreventive properties. As a prelude to chronic chemoprevention studies for MM development, we tested the ability of flaxseed lignan component (FLC) to prevent acute asbestos-induced inflammation in MM-prone Nf2+/mu mice. Mice (n = ...
Source: Carcinogenesis - February 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Pietrofesa, R. A., Velalopoulou, A., Arguiri, E., Menges, C. W., Testa, J. R., Hwang, W.-T., Albelda, S. M., Christofidou-Solomidou, M. Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research
The tumoral A genotype of the MGMT rs34180180 single-nucleotide polymorphism in aggressive gliomas is associated with shorter patients survival
In conclusion, in the clinic, rs34180180 SNP genotyping could improve the prognostic value of the MGMT promoter methylation assay in patients with aggressive glioma treated with TMZ. (Source: Carcinogenesis)
Source: Carcinogenesis - February 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Fogli, A., Chautard, E., Vaurs-Barriere, C., Pereira, B., Müller-Barthelemy, M., Court, F., Biau, J., Pinto, A. A., Kemeny, J.-L., Khalil, T., Karayan-Tapon, L., Verrelle, P., Costa, B. M., Arnaud, P. Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research
Evaluation of potential regulatory function of breast cancer risk locus at 6q25.1
In a genome-wide association study conducted among Chinese women, we identified the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2046210 at 6q25.1 for breast cancer risk. To explore a potential regulatory role for this risk locus, we measured expression levels of nine genes at the locus in breast cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue samples obtained from 67 patients recruited in the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study. We found that rs2046210 had a statistically significant association with the expression levels of the AKAP12 and ESR1 genes in adjacent normal breast tissues. Women who carry the AA/AG risk genotypes had higher expre...
Source: Carcinogenesis - February 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sun, Y., Ye, C., Guo, X., Wen, W., Long, J., Gao, Y.-T., Shu, X. O., Zheng, W., Cai, Q. Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research
EGFR mutation and lobar location of lung adenocarcinoma
The objective of this study was to investigate the associations among lung cancer location, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status. Treatment-naive, pathologically confirmed lung adenocarcinomas with tumor specimens available for genetic analysis were included from 2011 through 2014. Overall, 1771 patients with lung adenocarcinoma were included for analysis, after excluding those with carcinoma not otherwise specified, or synchronous multiple primary lung cancers. The median age was 64 years, and the female:male and never smoker:ever smoker ratios were 930:855 (52:48%) and 1167:604 (65:35%), respective...
Source: Carcinogenesis - February 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tseng, C.-H., Chen, K.-C., Hsu, K.-H., Tseng, J.-S., Ho, C.-C., Hsia, T.-C., Su, K.-Y., Wu, M.-F., Chiu, K.-L., Liu, C.-M., Wu, T.-C., Chen, H.-J., Chen, H.-Y., Chang, C.-S., Hsu, C.-P., Hsia, J.-Y., Chuang, C.-Y., Lin, C.-H., Chen, J. J. W., Chen, K.-Y., Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research
Trans-dichlorooxovandium (IV) complex as a novel photoinducible DNA interstrand crosslinker for cancer therapy
Although DNA interstrand crosslinking (ICL) agents such as mitomycin C, cisplatin and psoralen serve as potent anticancer drugs, these agents are known to have dose-limiting toxic effects on normal cells. Moreover, tumor resistance to these agents has been reported. Here, we show that trans-dichlorooxovanadium (IV) complex of pyrenyl terpyridine (VDC) is a novel photoinducible DNA crosslinking agent. By a combination of in vitro and ex vivo experiments including plasmid-based assays, we find that VDC forms monoadducts on the DNA and can be activated by UV-A and visible light to generate DNA interstrand crosslinks. VDC effi...
Source: Carcinogenesis - February 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Somyajit, K., Banik, B., Saxena, S., Babu, S., Hande, M. P., Chakravarty, A. R., Nagaraju, G. Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research
Whole-exome sequencing reveals genetic variability among lung cancer cases subphenotyped for emphysema
Lung cancer continues to be a major public health challenge in the United States despite efforts to decrease the prevalence of smoking; outcomes are especially poor for African-American patients compared to other races/ethnicities. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) co-occurs with lung cancer frequently, but not always, suggesting both shared and distinct risk factors for these two diseases. To identify germline genetic variation that distinguishes between lung cancer in the presence and absence of emphysema, we performed whole-exome sequencing on 46 African-American lung cancer cases (23 with and 23 without emph...
Source: Carcinogenesis - February 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lusk, C. M., Wenzlaff, A. S., Dyson, G., Purrington, K. S., Watza, D., Land, S., Soubani, A. O., Gadgeel, S. M., Schwartz, A. G. Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research
Differential DNA lesion formation and repair in heterochromatin and euchromatin
Discretely orchestrated chromatin condensation is important for chromosome protection from DNA damage. However, it is still unclear how different chromatin states affect the formation and repair of nucleotide excision repair (NER) substrates, e.g. ultraviolet (UV)-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) and the pyrimidine (6-4) pyrimidone photoproducts (6-4PP), as well as cisplatin-induced intrastrand crosslinks (Pt-GG). Here, by using immunofluorescence and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we have demonstrated that CPD, which cause minor distortion of DNA double helix, can be detected in both euchromatic and hete...
Source: Carcinogenesis - February 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Han, C., Srivastava, A. K., Cui, T., Wang, Q.-E., Wani, A. A. Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research
Elevated expression of JMJD6 is associated with oral carcinogenesis and maintains cancer stemness properties
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are defined as a small subpopulation of cancer cells within a tumor and responsible for initiation and maintenance of tumor growth. Thus, understanding of molecular regulators of CSCs is of paramount importance for the development of effective cancer therapies. Here, we identified jumonji domain-containing protein 6 (JMJD6) as a novel molecular regulator of oral CSCs. JMJD6 is highly expressed in CSC-enriched populations of human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines. Moreover, immunohistochemical staining revealed significantly high level of JMJD6 in OSCC tissues compared to normal human ...
Source: Carcinogenesis - February 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lee, C.-R., Lee, S. H., Rigas, N. K., Kim, R. H., Kang, M. K., Park, N.-H., Shin, K.-H. Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research
The complex role of SIRT6 in carcinogenesis
SIRT6, a member of the mammalian sirtuins family, functions as a mono-ADP-ribosyl transferase and NAD+-dependent deacylase of both acetyl groups and long-chain fatty acyl groups. SIRT6 regulates diverse cellular functions such as transcription, genome stability, telomere integrity, DNA repair, inflammation and metabolic related diseases such as diabetes, obesity and cancer. In this review, we will discuss the implication of SIRT6 in the biology of cancer and the relevance to organism homeostasis and lifespan. (Source: Carcinogenesis)
Source: Carcinogenesis - February 8, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lerrer, B., Gertler, A. A., Cohen, H. Y. Tags: Star Review Source Type: research
