Selective autophagy of intracellular organelles: recent research advances
Macroautophagy (hereafter called autophagy) is a highly conserved physiological process that degrades over-abundant or damaged organelles, large protein aggregates and invading pathogens via the lysosomal system (the vacuole in plants and yeast). Autophagy is generally induced by stress, such as oxygen-, energy- or amino acid-deprivation, irradiation, drugs, etc. In addition to non-selective bulk degradation, autophagy also occurs in a selective manner, recycling specific organelles, such as mitochondria, peroxisomes, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), lysosomes, nuclei, proteasomes and lipid droplets (LDs). This capab...
Source: Theranostics - January 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wen Li, Pengcheng He, Yuge Huang, Yi-Fang Li, Jiahong Lu, Min Li, Hiroshi Kurihara, Zhuo Luo, Tian Meng, Mashun Onishi, Changle Ma, Lei Jiang, Yongquan Hu, Qing Gong, Dongxing Zhu, Yiming Xu, Rong Liu, Lei Liu, Cong Yi, Yushan Zhu, Ningfang Ma, Koji Okamo Tags: Review Source Type: research
Utilization of circulating cell-free DNA profiling to guide first-line chemotherapy in advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma
Conclusions: These findings indicated that the RS, a circulating cfDNA sequencing-based stratification index, could help to guide first-line chemotherapy in advanced LUSC. The change of VAF is valuable to monitor the treatment response. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - January 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Tao Jiang, Liyan Jiang, Xiaorong Dong, Kangsheng Gu, Yueyin Pan, Qin Shi, Guojun Zhang, Huijuan Wang, Xiaochun Zhang, Nong Yang, Yuping Li, Jianping Xiong, Tienan Yi, Min Peng, Yong Song, Yun Fan, Jiuwei Cui, Gongyan Chen, Wei Tan, Aimin Zang, Qisen Guo, Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research
Cardiac telocytes inhibit cardiac microvascular endothelial cell apoptosis through exosomal miRNA-21-5p-targeted cdip1 silencing to improve angiogenesis following myocardial infarction
Conclusions: The present study is the first to show that CTs inhibit cardiac microvascular endothelial cell apoptosis through exosomal miRNA-21-5p-targeted Cdip1 silencing to improve angiogenesis in myocardial infarction. It is believed that these novel findings and the discovery of cellular and molecular mechanisms will provide new opportunities to tailor novel cardiac cell therapies and cell-free therapies for the functional and structural regeneration of the injured myocardium. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - January 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Zhaofu Liao, Yilin Chen, Chuncui Duan, Kuikui Zhu, Ruijin Huang, Hui Zhao, Maik Hintze, Qin Pu, Ziqiang Yuan, Luocheng Lv, Hongyi Chen, Binglin Lai, Shanshan Feng, Xufeng Qi, Dongqing Cai Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research
Cytogenetic and molecular aberrations and worse outcome for male patients in systemic mastocytosis
Conclusions: Male sex has a major impact on clinical features, disease progression, and survival in mastocytosis. Male patients have an inferior survival, which seems related to the fact that they more frequently develop a multi-mutated AdvSM associated with a high-risk molecular background. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - January 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hanneke C. Kluin-Nelemans, Mohamad Jawhar, Andreas Reiter, Bjorn van Anrooij, Jason Gotlib, Karin Hartmann, Anja Illerhaus, Hanneke N.G. Oude Elberink, Aleksandra Gorska, Marek Niedoszytko, Magdalena Lange, Luigi Scaffidi, Roberta Zanotti, Patrizia Bonado Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research
PET imaging facilitates antibody screening for synergistic radioimmunotherapy with a 177Lu-labeled α PD-L1 antibody
Conclusions: PET imaging of 89Zr-labeled antibodies is an effective method for antibody screening. RIT with a 177Lu-labeled αPD-L1 antibody could successfully upregulate antitumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment and turn “cold” tumors “hot” for immunotherapy. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - January 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jingyun Ren, Mengxin Xu, Junyi Chen, Jie Ding, Peipei Wang, Li Huo, Fang Li, Zhibo Liu Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research
Immunopathogenesis and treatment of cytokine storm in COVID-19
Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by systemic hyper-inflammation, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiple organ failure. Cytokine storm refers to a set of clinical conditions caused by excessive immune reactions and has been recognized as a leading cause of severe COVID-19. While comparisons have been made between COVID-19 cytokine storm and other kinds of cytokine storm such as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and cytokine release syndrome, the pathogenesis of cytokine storm has not been clearly elucidated yet. Recent studies have shown that impaired response of type-1 IFNs in early s...
Source: Theranostics - January 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jae Seok Kim, Jun Young Lee, Jae Won Yang, Keum Hwa Lee, Maria Effenberger, Wladimir Szpirt, Andreas Kronbichler, Jae Il Shin Tags: Review Source Type: research
TDP-43 proteinopathy impairs mRNP granule mediated postsynaptic translation and mRNA metabolism
Conclusion: Our study elucidates the interplay between TDP-43 and neuronal mRNP granules in normal physiology and TDP-43 proteinopathy in the regulation of local protein translation and mRNA metabolism in the postsynaptic compartment. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - January 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Chia-En Wong, Lee-Way Jin, Yuan-Ping Chu, Wei-Yen Wei, Pei-Chuan Ho, Kuen-Jer Tsai Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research
A new ketogenic formulation improves functional outcome and reduces tissue loss following traumatic brain injury in adult mice
Conclusion: The behavioural improvement and tissue protection provide proof of principle that this new formulation has therapeutic potential in adult TBI. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - January 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Orli Thau-Zuchman, Linda Svendsen, Simon C. Dyall, Ursula Paredes-Esquivel, Molly Rhodes, John V. Priestley, Ren é G. Feichtinger, Barbara Kofler, Susanne Lotstra, J. Martin Verkuyl, Robert J. Hageman, Laus M. Broersen, Nick van Wijk, Jose P. Silva, Jor Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research
Histone H3K27 methyltransferase EZH2 and demethylase JMJD3 regulate hepatic stellate cells activation and liver fibrosis
Conclusions: EZH2 and JMJD3 antagonistically modulate HSCs activation. The therapeutic effects of DZNep as epigenetic drug in liver fibrosis are associated with the regulation of EZH2 towards direct target genes encoding TGF-β1 pseudoreceptor BAMBI, anti-inflammatory cytokine IL10 and cell cycle regulators CDKN1A, GADD45A and GADD45B, which are also regulated by JMJD3. Our present study provides new mechanistic insight into the epigenetic modulation of EZH2 and JMJD3 in HSCs biology and hepatic fibrogenesis. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - January 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yan Jiang, Chan Xiang, Fan Zhong, Yang Zhang, Liyan Wang, Yuanyuan Zhao, Jiucun Wang, Chen Ding, Li Jin, Fuchu He, Haijian Wang Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research
Tumor cell-activated “ Sustainable ROS Generator ” with homogeneous intratumoral distribution property for improved anti-tumor therapy
Conclusion: Based on these findings, we conclude that the designed SRG could induce sustainable ROS generation, homogeneous intratumoral distribution and intracellular redox homeostasis disruption, presenting an efficient strategy for enhanced ROS-mediated anti-tumor therapy. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - January 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Junjie Liu, Xiu Zhao, Weimin Nie, Yue Yang, Chengcheng Wu, Wei Liu, Kaixiang Zhang, Zhenzhong Zhang, Jinjin Shi Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research
Progenitor cell-derived exosomes endowed with VEGF plasmids enhance osteogenic induction and vascular remodeling in large segmental bone defects
Conclusion: In our current work, we designed specifically engineered exosomes based on the requirements of vascularized bone repair in segmental bone defects. This work simultaneously illuminates the potential of functional exosomes in acellular tissue engineering. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - January 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yao Zha, Yawu Li, Tianyi Lin, Jia Chen, Shengmin Zhang, Jianglin Wang Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research
In vivo multimodal imaging of adenosine A1 receptors in neuroinflammation after experimental stroke
Conclusion: Notably, these data provide evidence for A1ARs playing a key role in the control of both the activation of resident glia and the de novo proliferation of microglia and macrophages after experimental stroke in rats. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - January 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Ana Joya, Mar í a Ardaya, Alejandro Montilla, Maider Garbizu, Sandra Plaza-Garc í a, Vanessa G ó mez-Vallejo, Daniel Padro, Juan Jos é Guti é rrez, Xabier Rios, Pedro Ramos-Cabrer, Unai Coss í o, Krishna R Pulagam, Makoto Higuchi, Mar í a Domercq, Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research
Oscillating lncRNA Platr4 regulates NLRP3 inflammasome to ameliorate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice
Conclusions: Platr4 functions to inactivate Nlrp3 inflammasome via intercepting NF-κB signaling. This lncRNA might be an attractive target that can be modulated to ameliorate the pathological conditions of steatohepatitis. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - January 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Yanke Lin, Shuai Wang, Lu Gao, Ziyue Zhou, Zemin Yang, Jingpan Lin, Shujing Ren, Huijie Xing, Baojian Wu Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research
The ATP synthase inhibition induces an AMPK-dependent glycolytic switch of mesenchymal stem cells that enhances their immunotherapeutic potential
Conclusion: Altogether, our findings show that AMPK-dependent glycolytic reprogramming of MSC using an ATP synthase inhibitor contributes to their immunosuppressive and therapeutic functions, and suggest that pro-glycolytic drugs might be used to improve MSC-based therapy. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - January 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Rafael Contreras-Lopez, Roberto Elizondo-Vega, Noymar Luque-Campos, Mar í a Jos é Torres, Carolina Pradenas, Gautier Tejedor, Mar í a Jos é Paredes-Mart í nez, Ana Mar í a Vega-Letter, Mauricio Campos-Mora, Yandi Rigual-Gonzalez, Karina Oyarce, Ma Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research
tRNA-derived fragments: Mechanisms underlying their regulation of gene expression and potential applications as therapeutic targets in cancers and virus infections
In conclusion, the current progress in the research of tRFs reveals that they have important clinical implications and may constitute novel molecular therapeutic targets for modulating pathological processes. (Source: Theranostics)
Source: Theranostics - January 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Xiuchong Yu, Yaoyao Xie, Shuangshuang Zhang, Xuemei Song, Bingxiu Xiao, Zhilong Yan Tags: Review Source Type: research
