Isolation and Characterization of Chicken Yolk Vitelline Membrane Lipids Using Eggs Enriched With Conjugated Linoleic Acid
Abstract
The vitelline membrane (VM) encloses the chicken egg yolk, separating it from albumen. The VM weakens during storage, and dietary lipid modification significantly affects its strength. However, no studies have characterize the fatty acyl residue (FA) composition of the VM, and reports of VM isolation and quantified lipid content are inconsistent. Therefore, the objectives of this study were: (1) to develop a washing and isolation method that removes residual yolk from VM without damage; (2) to determine the FA and lipid composition of CLA-rich egg yolk VM, relative to controls; (3) to determine t...
Source: Lipids - April 22, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
4-Hydroxyderricin, as a PPARγ Agonist, Promotes Adipogenesis, Adiponectin Secretion, and Glucose Uptake in 3T3-L1 Cells
Abstract
Adipocyte differentiation plays a pivotal role in maintaining the production of small-size adipocytes with insulin sensitivity, and impaired adipogenesis is implicated in insulin resistance. 4-Hydroxyderricin (4-HD), a phytochemical component of Angelica keiskei, possesses diverse biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antitumor. In the present study, we investigated the effects of 4-HD on adipocyte differentiation. 4-HD promoted lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells, upregulated both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ mRNA and protein expression, and ac...
Source: Lipids - April 19, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Pinolenic Acid Downregulates Lipid Anabolic Pathway in HepG2 Cells
In conclusion, pinolenic acid downregulated the lipid anabolic pathway in HepG2 cells by reducing expression of genes related to lipid synthesis, lipoprotein uptake, and the regulation of the lipogenic pathway. (Source: Lipids)
Source: Lipids - April 14, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Northern Great Plains Lipid Conference: An International Conference Coalescing the Lipid Scientists in the Northern Great Plains
(Source: Lipids)
Source: Lipids - April 12, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Is Tweeting Important for Technical Writing? Absolutely
(Source: Lipids)
Source: Lipids - April 12, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Beef Fat Enriched with Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biohydrogenation Products Improves Insulin Sensitivity Without Altering Dyslipidemia in Insulin Resistant JCR:LA- cp Rats
The objective of the present experiment was to determine the effects of beef peri-renal fat (PRF) with differing enrichments of PUFA-BHP on lipid and insulin metabolism in a rodent model of dyslipidemia and insulin resistance (JCR:LA-cp rat). The results showed that 6Â weeks of diet supplementation with beef PRF naturally enriched due to flaxseed (FS-PRF) or sunflower-seed (SS-PRF) feeding to cattle significantly improved plasma fasting insulin levels and insulin sensitivity, postprandial insulin levels (only in the FS-PRF) without altering dyslipidemia. Moreover, FS-PRF but not SS-PRF attenuated adipose tissue accumulatio...
Source: Lipids - April 11, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Cinnamomum camphora Seed Kernel Oil Improves Lipid Metabolism and Enhances β3-Adrenergic Receptor Expression in Diet-Induced Obese Rats
Abstract
The effects of dietary Cinnamomum camphora seed kernel oil (CCSKO) containing medium-chain triacylglycerols on lipid metabolism and mRNA and protein expression of β-3 adrenergic receptor in adipose tissue were studied in diet-induced obese rats. High fat food-induced obese rats were randomly divided into CCSKO group, Lard group, Soybean oil (SOY) group and naturally restoring group (n = 10). Rats fed with low fat food were used as a normal control group. Significant decreases in body mass and abdominal fat mass/body mass after 12 weeks were found in CCSKO group as compared with Lard and SOY g...
Source: Lipids - April 10, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Increasing Levels of Dietary Hempseed Products Leads to Differential Responses in the Fatty Acid Profiles of Egg Yolk, Liver and Plasma of Laying Hens
In this study, dietary ALA levels were increased via the inclusion of hempseed (HS) and hempseed oil (HO) in hen diets, with the goal of assessing the effects on the fatty acid (FA) profiles of total lipids and lipid classes in yolk, liver and plasma. Forty-eight hens were individually caged and fed one of six diets containing either HS:10, 20 or 30, HO:4.5 or 9.0 (%, diet) or a control (containing corn oil), providing a range (0.1–1.28 %, diet) of ALA. Fatty acid methyl esters of total lipids and lipid classes, including phosphatidyl choline (PtdCho) and ethanolamine (PtdEtn) in yolk, plasma and liver were then determi...
Source: Lipids - April 5, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Dietary Crude Lecithin Increases Systemic Availability of Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid with Combined Intake in Rats
In conclusion, dietary DHA-containing oils and crude lecithin have synergistic effects on increasing plasma and RBC n-3 PUFA levels, including DHA and EPA. By increasing the systemic availability of dietary DHA, dietary lecithin may increase the efficacy of DHA supplementation when their intake is combined. (Source: Lipids)
Source: Lipids - March 31, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Dynamic Assessment of Functional Lipidomic Analysis in Human Urine
This study describes the development of a MS/MSALL shotgun lipidomic workflow and a micro liquid chromatography–high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) workflow for urine structural and mediator lipid analysis, respectively. This workflow was deployed to understand biofluid sample handling and collection, extraction efficiency, and natural human variation over time. Utilization of 0.5 mL of urine for structural lipidomic analysis resulted in reproducible quantification of more than 600 lipid molecular species from over 20 lipid classes. Analysis of 1 mL of urine routinely quantified in excess of 55 media...
Source: Lipids - March 31, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Estimation of the Intestinal Absorption and Metabolism Behaviors of 2- and 3-Monochloropropanediol Esters
Abstract
The regioisomers of the di- and mono-oleate of monochloropropanediol (MCPD) have been synthesized and subsequently hydrolyzed with pancreatic lipase and pancreatin to estimate the intestinal digestion and absorption of these compounds after their intake. The hydrolysates were analyzed by HPLC using a corona charged aerosol detection system, which allowed for the separation and detection of the different regioisomers of the MCPD esters. The hydrolysates were also analyzed by GC–MS to monitor the free MCPD. The results indicated that the two acyl groups of 2-MCPD-1,3-dioleate were smoothly hydrol...
Source: Lipids - March 28, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Dietary Lipid and Carbohydrate Interactions: Implications on Lipid and Glucose Absorption, Transport in Gilthead Sea Bream ( Sparus aurata ) Juveniles
This study suggests that a combination of dietary VO and starch may negatively affect cholesterol absorption and transport. (Source: Lipids)
Source: Lipids - March 28, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Brain 2-Arachidonoylglycerol Levels Are Dramatically and Rapidly Increased Under Acute Ischemia-Injury Which Is Prevented by Microwave Irradiation
Abstract
The involvement of brain 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) in a number of critical physiological and pathophysiological regulatory mechanisms highlights the importance for an accurate brain 2-AG determination. In the present study, we validated head-focused microwave irradiation (MW) as a method to prevent postmortem brain 2-AG alterations before analysis. We compared MW to freezing to prevent 2-AG induction and estimated exogenous and endogenous 2-AG stability upon exposure to MW. Using MW, we measured, for the first time, true 2-AG brain levels under basal conditions, 30Â s after brain removal from...
Source: Lipids - March 27, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Celastrus Orbiculatus Thunb. Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Promoting Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Hyperlipidemic Mice
Abstract
Previously, we found that Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. (COT) decreases athero-susceptibility in lipoproteins and the aorta of guinea pigs fed a high-fat diet, and increases high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In the present study, we investigated the effect of COT in reducing lipid accumulation and promoting reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) in vivo and vitro. Healthy male mice were treated with high-fat diet alone, high-fat diet with COT (10.0Â g/kg/d), or general fodder for 6Â weeks. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), HDL-C, non-HDL-C, and 3H-cholesterol in plasma, liver, ...
Source: Lipids - March 25, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Increased Serum Level of Cyclopropaneoctanoic Acid 2-Hexyl in Patients with Hypertriglyceridemia-Related Disorders
Abstract
We recently reported the presence of various cyclopropane fatty acids—among them, cyclopropaneoctanoic acid 2-hexyl—in the adipose tissue of obese women. The aim of this study was to verify whether the presence of cyclopropaneoctanoic acid 2-hexyl in human serum was associated with obesity or chronic kidney disease (both being related to dyslipidemia), and to find potential associations between the serum level of this compound and specific markers of the these conditions. The serum concentration of cyclopropaneoctanoic acid 2-hexyl was determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCâ...
Source: Lipids - March 21, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
