Journal of Equine Veterinary Science This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Procaine Induces Hyperactivated Motility in Stallion Spermatozoa by Inhibiting Sodium Influx
McPartlin et al. (Biology of Reproduction 2009; 81: 199 –206) reported promising fertilization results (61%) after co-incubating equine oocytes with spermatozoa treated with procaine to induce hyperactivated motility. We subsequently demonstrated that procaine directly affects equine oocytes, inducing sperm-independent cytokinesis; cleaved oocytes arre sted at 8-16 cells and daughter cells either lacked nuclei or contained condensed DNA fragments rather than normal nuclei (Leemans et al. 2015; Biology of Reproduction; 93: 23). (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: B. Leemans, B.M. Gadella, T.A.E. Stout, A. Van Soom Source Type: research

Cooled Storage Induces Capacitation-like Changes in Equine Spermatozoa
Artificial insemination with a single dose of semen cooled-stored for 24-36h yields highest pregnancy rates (PR) when performed24h before ovulation are common. Semen ageing in vitro or in vivo may lead to capacitation-like changes (CLC) in spermatozoa, thereby presumably depleting the population of spermatozoa available for fertilisation. The aims of this study were to 1) assess CLC in spermatozoa during cooled storage and 2) compare PR when semen is either cooled-stored for 48h (ageing in vitro) and inseminated shortly before ovulation ( (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M. Buijtendorp, T.A.E. Stout, J. Cuervo-Arango, H.H.W. Henning Source Type: research

Spermatogonial Stem Cell Transplantation of Stallions
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) undergo cell proliferation and differentiation for sperm production. Donor derived sperm were successfully produced using SSC transplantation in goats, boar, dogs, sheep, and monkeys. In these studies, endogenous germ cells of recipients were removed using irradiation or busulfan treatment. It was suggested that depletion of endogenous germ cells provides a more favorable environment for migration and engraftment of transplanted germ cells. The transplantation of stallion SSCs into mules without depletion of endogenous germ cells did not show the production of stallion sperm. (Source: Journ...
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: H.J. Jung, M.J. Yoon Source Type: research

What Is the Effect of Anti-GnRH Immunization on Plasmatic Levels of Anti Mullerian Hormone?
Thanks to a wide “off – license”, the use of the anti-GnRH vaccine Improvac®, initially dedicated to the boar immune castration, is possible in stallions as a potentially reversible alternative to surgical castration. First immunization in stallions results in an inhibition of sexual steroids secretion and sp ermatogenesis, with a reversible effect in more than 90% of the cases [2, 4, 5, 9]. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is produced by embryonic Sertoli cells in the male and is strongly expressed in fetal, neonatal and prepuberal testis. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M. Dordas-Perpinya, M. Gorr éguès, M.-A. Gervasoni, C. Berder, C. Thorin, L. Jaillardon, J.-F. Bruyas Source Type: research

Welfare Parameters for the Evaluation of Breeding Stallions
Although recent studies have discussed the effects of stress on the semen of stallions (Deichsel. et. al. Theriogenology, 2015; 84:70-75; Wilson& Twigg-Flesner. Journal of Veterinary Science& Technology, 2017, 8:443), little attention is given to stallions ’ welfare. In order to include welfare indicators related to abnormal behaviours, chronic/recurrent diseases and neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio along with reproductive parameters, we evaluated 11 stallions, 4-22 years old, of different breeds during the breeding season. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: D.P. Leme, I. Martin, B. Behs, A.S. Rocha, F.O. Papa Source Type: research

Contribution of the Y Chromosome to Stallion Fertility
While it is well established that mammalian male fertility has a genetic component, genomics tools for evaluating fertility in stallions are limited. The Y chromosome is enriched with genes important for spermatogenesis and sperm functions as evidenced by human and mouse studies showing causative links between Y chromosome rearrangements, mutations, copy number variants (CNVs) and various male infertility phenotypes; hence, Y chromosome studies were initiated in the horse. We recently produced a 9.5 Mb annotated reference sequence for the male specific region of the horse Y (MSY). (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: C. Castaneda, A. Hillhouse, J. Janecka, R. Juras, A. Ruiz, A. Tibary, C.C. Love, D.D. Varner, T. Raudsepp Source Type: research

Functional RNAs in Stallion Sperm: Potential Indicators of Sperm Quality and Contributors to Fertility
The fertility of stallions is important for successful reproduction. Current assays of semen are useful predictors of sperm quality and stallion fertility. To complement those, novel molecular assays, such as of sperm RNAs, are being developed. Sperm not only deliver genomic DNA but also RNA to the oocyte. Sperm contain several types of RNAs including messenger RNAs (mRNAs) that encode proteins, long non-coding RNAs of undetermined functions, and microRNAs that regulate the expression of most genes. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: N.H. Ing, K. Konganti, N. Ghaffari, C.D. Johnson, D.W. Forrest, C.C. Love, D.D. Varner Source Type: research

Potential Roles for Inflammation and ‘Necroptosis’ in Age-Related Testicular Degeneration
We previously provided broad overviews of the transcriptomes of both normal and aged, degenerate equine testes (Woodward et. al, J Eq Vet Sci. 2016; 43:S66). Here, we compare these transcriptomes, as well as the transcriptomes from isolated Sertoli cells, and identify patterns of differential gene expression that provide insights into the pathophysiology of age-related testicular degeneration (TD) in the stallion. The hypothesis is that molecular pathways that are differentially regulated in degenerate testicular tissue compared to aged-matched, normal testicular tissue will reflect the underlying pathophysiology of TD. (S...
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: E.M. Woodward, K. Schlingmann, R.M. Turner Source Type: research

The Role of PLC ζ and WPB2NL Gene Expression in Semen Quality and Fertility of Stallions
In the last decades, there was an increase in the investigation of equine reproduction to maximize both genetic gain and competition traits in the horse industry [1], however, little is known about the influence of genetic factors in equine fertility [2]. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: V.L.C. Bueno, H.B.A. Bastos, L.A.M. Centeno, N.A. Kretzmann, M. Bertolini, R.C. Mattos, S Fiala Rechsteiner Source Type: research

Age-related Preferential Effects of Mitochondrial Oxidative Function on Progressive Motility and Decline of Mitochondrial Respiratory Capacity in Stallion Spermatozoa
The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between stallion age, sperm quality, and mitochondrial function for age-related patterns of dysfunction in fresh stallion semen. This was accomplished by employing an array of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors and uncouplers of mitochondrial oxygen consumption (MITOX) in fresh semen from Quarter Horse stallions (n=55) ranging in age from 4 to 25 years with a mean age of 12.2+/-4.7 (mean+/-SD). (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: E.A. Bulkeley, S. Datta, G.A. Cortopassi, R. Serafini, S. Teague, D.D. Varner, S.A. Meyers Source Type: research

Evaluation of Cooled-storage After Thawing Frozen Stallion Semen
Semen collected from stallions can be extended and used for fresh insemination, extended and stored at 5 to 8 ° C for 24 to 48 hours prior to insemination, or cryopreserved and stored indefinitely in liquid nitrogen. Breeding mares with cryopreserved semen requires specialized equipment for storage and thawing of semen and more intensive mare management. However, not all equine breeding programs are equipp ed to utilize frozen semen. Consequently, the initial objective of this study was to evaluate the longevity and fertility of frozen stallion semen once it had been thawed, extended and maintained at 5° C for 48 hours i...
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M.J. Prell, P.M. McCue, P.D. Moffett, J.K. Graham Source Type: research

First Publication to Describe a Protocol for the Liquid Storage of Stallion Spermatozoa for 7 Days
The ability to store spermatozoa in a synthetic medium for longer than 72 h without cryopreserving will provide a number of benefits including the transport of semen from stallions whose spermatozoa do not tolerate cooling or freezing and reduced biosecurity concerns associated with the use of animal-derived components such as skim milk and eggs. In addition, the extended sperm longevity will permit the use of more relaxed mare synchronisation and insemination regimens and the ability to ship semen without the need for a dry shipper will reduce the costs and logistical constraints associated with the use of frozen semen. (...
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Z. Gibb, J.R. Clulow, R.J. Aitken, A. Swegen Source Type: research

The Effects of Media Type and Incubation Temperature on Stallion Sperm Quality
In this study, one ejaculate from each of 5 stallions was collected, then incubated for 1 and 4 h (T1h and T4h, respectively) at room temperature or 38 °C (5% CO2) in each of 5 media: Garner’s, Tyrode’s, INRA, HGLL, or BWW. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: J.M. Ward, R. Serafini, D.D. Varner, C. Hern ández-Avilés, S.R. Teague, K.A. LaCaze, C.C. Love Source Type: research

Validation of a Fixable Stain for Assessing the Viability of Stallion Sperm
Evaluation of semen quality in stallions often includes assessment of plasma membrane intactness, or viability. Assays using a variety of fluorescent probes have been developed to accomplish this; however, these assays are performed on non-fixed cells which requires immediate access to a laboratory with the required equipment. Assays for assessing viability in fixed somatic cells are marketed, but use with sperm has not been validated. Development of a protocol for sperm would permit submission of semen to a reference laboratory to assess viability at the time of ejaculation. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: S.R. Teague, E.M. Ligon, R. Serafini, D.D. Varner, C.C. Love Source Type: research

Significant Correlation Between the proAKAP4 Concentration and the Total and Progressive Motility in Stallion Sperm After Thawing
A-kinase anchor protein 4 (AKAP4) is playing a central role in flagellar structure, chemotaxis, capacitation and sperm motility. In mammals, AKAP4 is expressed during spermatogenesis. AKAP4 is synthesized as a precursor, proAKAP4, which is cleaved into mature AKAP4 during fibrous sheath assembly (Luconi et al., Front Biosci. 2011; 16:1315-1330). The proAKAP4 is a good indicator of sperm quality in humans and also in boars (Sergeant et al., Anim Reprod Sci. 2016; 169: 125-126; Teijeiro and Marini, Reproduction 2012; 143: 773-785). (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: D. Blommaert, N. Sergeant, M. Delehedde, T. Franck, J.P. Lejeune, D. Serteyn Source Type: research