Journal of Equine Veterinary Science This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

The Early Conceptus in Caribbean Jennies
World donkey (Equus asinus) populations have steadily increased since the early 1990 ’s [1]. Application of the donkey varies based on location, most commonly they are utilized as work animals, guard animals, companion animals or as a meat or hypoallergenic milk source [2]. Some countries, such as Spain, are facing endangerment of their native species and are seeking an effective way to increase the population [3]. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: B.N. Roberts, R.O. Gilbert, D.R. Bergfelt, E.W. Peterson, J.C. Samper, H.M. French Source Type: research

Effect of Oocyte In Vitro Maturation Interval on Subsequent ICSI Embryo Quality and Development
Demand for in vitro equine embryo production by ICSI has increased in clinical reproduction over the last 5 years. However, the efficiency of this technique remains variable with reported blastocyst rates between 10 and 41%. Oocytes recovered by transvaginal follicular aspiration from donor mares are valuable and limited, and they are often collected from immature follicles. These oocytes require further in vitro maturation in order to be competent to be fertilized and reach the blastocyst stage. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M.B. Rodr íguez, G.J. Clérico, A. Gambini, D. Rodriguez, G. Taminelli, J.C. Veronesi, S. Fernandez, M. Sansinena, D. Salamone Source Type: research

Fluorinert as an Alternative for Mercury in Piezo Drill Assisted ICSI in the Horse
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is the method of choice for in vitro production of equine embryos. Achievement of consistent blastocyst rates coincided with the introduction of piezo drill assisted ICSI in the horse. Mercury is generally used for stabilization of the oscillations of the piezo pipette. However, mercury is an environmental pollutant, it is neurotoxic for the operator and it can interfere with the epigenome during embryogenesis. Fluorinert is a thermally stable, inert perfluorocarbon with low toxicity, which has been used as an alternative for mercury in piezo assisted ICSI in mice. (Source: Journal o...
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: K. Smits, K. Roels, C. Ververs, M. Van de Velde, J. Govaere, A. Van Soom Source Type: research

The Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor, Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) Prevents the Sudden Drop in cAMP Concentration and Modulates Glucose Metabolism of Equine COCs Matured In Vitro
This study aimed to determine the effect of including isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), a PDE inhibitor, during collection and the first 12 h of incubation of equine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs), on cAMP concentration, glucose metabolism of COCs and in vitro maturation rates. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M.R. Tscharke, K.L. Kind, J.M. Kelly, J.A. Len Source Type: research

Retrospective Study on the Influence of Recipient Mare's Height on Foal Height of Twin Embryos, From Birth to Three Years of Age
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of recipient mare ’s height on twin embryos, comparing their height from birth to three years of age. We evaluated the height of full sibling foals resulting from embryos (n=56 pairs) that were transferred to recipient mares of different heights. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: J.J. Vazquez, A. Esteller-Vico, A. Tejeda, C. Mendez, I. Reyes, I.K.M. Liu Source Type: research

Effect of Duration of Embryo Holding on Recipient Mares ’ Pregnancy Rate
Equine embryo transfer (ET) is a biotechnological procedure that has become common practice in horse breeding, and the number of foals from ET in commercial operations is increasing steadily. When embryos are collected for direct transfer on farm or preimplantation genetic testing, the embryos are routinely stored at room temperature in holding media before transfer into recipients. However, the interval from embryo recovery to transfer is regarded as a parameter directly related to embryo survival. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: N. Wala, C. Serres, R. Foss, C. Arbouin, M.A. P érez-Cabal, M. Blanco Source Type: research

Is Aspiration of Blastocoelic Fluid Essential to Vitrify Large Equine Embryos?
Historically, cryopreservation of equine embryos>300 μm in diameter resulted in poor pregnancy rates until Choi.et.al.Therio.2011;76:143-152 showed a marked improvement by collapsing the blastocoel cavity prior to vitrification. Subsequently, acceptable pregnancy rates have been reported following puncture of blastocysts and aspiration of 90-95% of t heir blastocoelic fluid prior to vitrification (Diaz.et.al.Therio.2016;85:894-903; Sanchez.et.al.J.EquineVetSci.2017;49:54-59). The present study aimed to determine if aspiration of the blastocoelic fluid from embryos prior to vitrification is essential to post thaw survival....
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: S. Wilsher, F. Rigali, G. Couto, S. Camargo, W.R. Allen Source Type: research

Effects of High and Low Progestin Concentration during the Early Luteal Phase on Endometrial Function in Early Pregnant Mares
Progesterone prepares the endometrium for pregnancy. This paradoxically requires down-regulation of progesterone receptors in endometrial epithelia as prerequisite for the expression of pregnancy-associated proteins (Spencer and Bazer, Frontiers in Bioscience. 2002;7:1879-98). We investigated effects of altered peripheral progestin concentration in early luteal phase mares on endometrial function on day 14 of pregnancy. Genitally healthy oestrous mares (n=8; age 4 to 14 years) were inseminated with 500 million progressively motile spermatozoa at 48h-intervals until ovulation. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: T. Beyer, D. Scarlet, R. Ertl, I. Walter, N. Ille, C. Aurich Source Type: research

The Use of Power Mode Doppler Ultrasonography as a Predictive Tool of Early Pregnancy in the Mare
The mechanisms responsible for maternal recognition of pregnancy in equines are not fully understood. Previous research indicates that the migration of the embryo could have a local effect on uterine blood flow, stimulating vascular perfusion [1]. Moreover, this increase in blood flow during early pregnancy has been detected in other species including cows, sows and ewes although it is limited to the uterine segment that is in direct contact with the conceptus[2-4]. Color and pulse Doppler sonography has become one of the best reliable, non-invasive techniques for studies of uterine vascular hemodynamics [5,6]. (Source: Jo...
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: P. Nieto-Olmedo, J.A. Tapia, F.J. Pe ña, C Ortega Ferrusola Source Type: research

Relationships between Maternal Factors and Equine Fetal Volume Measured during early Pregnancy by Using Three-dimensional Ultrasound
In the last two decades three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound has been established as a clinical method in human reproductive medicine and allows the measurement of the fetal volume (FV). In the first trimester in woman, FV measurements have been correlated with gestational age and neonatal weight. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different maternal factors, hormone concentrations and the fetal sex on early equine FV determined by 3D ultrasound. For this purpose, 149 German warmblood mares were examined once transrectally at day 45 ± 1 of gestation (0 = day of ovulation) with the portable 3D ultrasound d...
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Angela Becsek, Nikolaos Tzanidakis, Miguel Blanco, Heinrich Bollwein Source Type: research

Maternal Effects on Offspring Performance in Show Jumping
Maternal preconceptional, gestational and early post-natal environments have been demonstrated in several animal species and in humans to alter offspring phenotype. In particular, embryo technologies, nutritional imbalance at the time of breeding and maternal parity were shown in horses and/or other species to affect offspring growth and metabolism. The aim of this project was to evaluate the maternal effects resulting from maternal heritable aptitude for breeding (including pregnancy, lactation and behaviour until weaning) and permanent maternal environment (including also herd effects such as nutrition, management and va...
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: E. Palmer, M. Robles, P. Chavatte-Palmer, A. Ricard Source Type: research

Evaluation of Equine Endometrium during Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy Utilizing RNA Sequencing
Equine maternal recognition of pregnancy (MRP) is a process whose signal remains unknown. During MRP the conceptus and endometrium communicate to attenuate prostaglandin F2 α (PGF) secretion thus sparing the corpus luteum and maintaining progesterone production. Recognition of a mobile and viable conceptus by the endometrium is critical prior to days 14-16 post-ovulation (PO). Between days 14-16 PO in the non-pregnant mare, endometrium produces PGF, which initiates lu teolysis. Previous gene expression analyses have failed to robustly reveal possible candidates involved in MRP. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: K.M. Klohonatz, A.D. Islas-Trejo, J.F. Medrano, A.M. Hess, S.J. Coleman, M.G. Thomas, G.J. Bouma, J.E. Bruemmer Source Type: research

A Closer Look at the Equine Feto-maternal Interface via High-throughput Sequencing
Despite the importance of the placental unit in pregnancy, to date, there has yet to be a large-scale study characterizing RNA expression in either chorioallantois or endometrium through gestation in any species. This type of dataset would be invaluable in furthering the understanding of the physiology of pregnancy in all eutherian species. Therefore, in this study, we characterized the transcriptome of both the chorioallantois and the endometrium across gestation in the mare. To this end, we collected paired endometrium and chorioallantois from mares at 4, 6, 10 and 11 months of gestation (n=4 /stage), as well as 45 day a...
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: S.C. Loux, P. Dini, T. Kalbfleisch, A. Esteller-Vico, B.A. Ball Source Type: research

Reciprocal Paternal and Maternal Control of Angiogenesis in Equine Chorioallantois
The retrotransposon Gag-like 1 (Rtl1) gene is pivotal in the development of the mouse chorioallantois (CA). Rtl1 and one of its repressor microRNA, miR-127 (located in Rtl1_antisense [Rtl1_as]), are located in an imprinted domain. Rtl1/Rtl1_as are involved in angiogenesis and maintenance of fetal capillaries during development of the placenta (Kitazawa et al. Genes to Cells. 2017;22:174-188). Currently, there is no information available about the presence or kinetics of Rtl1/Rtl1_as in equine CA during pregnancy. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: P. Dini, A. Esteller-Vico, S.C. Loux, M. Carossino, K.E. Scoggin, T.S. Kalbfleisch, P. Daels, B.A. Ball Source Type: research

Effects of Dietary Arginine Supplementation in Pregnant Mares on Maternal Metabolism and Foal Birthweight
Foals born to primiparous dams are smaller and lighter than foals born to multiparous dams, with metabolic and testicular immaturity. These observations may be linked to decreased foeto-maternal nutrient exchange capacity in primiparous placentas. L-arginine is a precursor of nitric oxide, polyamines and creatine that have been shown to increase vasodilatation, cell proliferation and differentiation, and insulin sensitivity. In pregnant mares, L-arginine supplementation has been shown to increase uterine artery blood flow in late gestation. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: P. Chavatte-Palmer, E. Derisoud, M. Robles, C. Dubois, C. Richard, M. Dahirel, J. Calvez, A. Couturier-Tarrade, L. Wimel Source Type: research