Journal of Equine Veterinary Science This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Recurrence of Cervical Defects and Live-Foal Rates in Thoroughbred Broodmares Undergoing One or More Surgeries for Defects of the Cervix
The cervix plays an essential role in broodmare reproductive function. Dysfunction can lead to contamination and/or inflammation of the uterus, which can predispose mares to pregnancy loss (LeBlanc, 2009). Abnormalities of the cervix include lacerations, adhesions, diverticula and congenital defects (e.g., a hypoplastic and septate cervix). Surgical correction can be used to manage these conditions, and previous reports indicated mares could produce live foals following surgery of the cervix and vaginal fornix (Miller et al., 1996; O ’Leary et al., 2013). (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: C.F. Scoggin, C. Makloski-Cohorn, R.M. Embertson, C. Benedetto, C. Howard, E.A. Bradecamp, M.R. Schnobrich Source Type: research

Serial PGF2 α Injections Prevent Luteinization of Experimentally Induced Hemorrhagic Anovulatory Follicles
Hemorrhagic anovulatory follicles (HAFs) result in missed breeding opportunities and prolonged or unpredictable interval to subsequent estrus. Serial PGF2 α administrations beginning 12 hours from normal ovulation can prevent luteal formation (Coffman et al. Theriogenology 2014; 82:1241-1245). To investigate whether this protocol would affect luteinization of HAFs, we hypothesized that in estrous cycles with experimentally induced HAFs, early serial PGF2α administration would prevent luteinization and cause early return to estrus compared to non-treated HAF cycles. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: G.M. Davolli, V. Medina, C.R.F. Pinto Source Type: research

Induction of Multiple Ovulation In mares Following Multiple Treatment With Low Dose Buserelin
Embryo transfer is one of the most popular assisted reproductive techniques applied to the horse. Despite a relatively high physiological twin ovulation rate in some breeds used for embryo transfer (ET) (Warmbloods and Polo Pony mares), the mean number of ovulation per cycle was 1.31 (1513 ovulations from 1156 cycles) with an overall multiple ovulation (MO) rate of 29% (27.1 double ovulation, 1.9% triple and 0% quadruple) and an overall 0.81 embryos per flush (933/1156) in Polo Pony mares in a large field study in Argentina [1]. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: J.R. Newcombe, J. Cuervo-Arango Source Type: research

Antibody Response and Safety of a Novel Recombinant Zona Pellucida Vaccine Formulation in Mares
This study aimed to assess serum anti-ZP antibody response and safety following administration of novel ZP-based formulations to horse mares. Mares (n=31) were subdivided into age-categorised (6y) treatment groups for active immunisation with either: porcine ZP proteins (pZP; University of Pretoria, South Africa) (n=7; 2 treatments), novel recombinant ZP proteins (reZP; CSIR, South Africa) (n=8; 3 treatments) or combined pZP and reZP proteins (n=8; 2 treatments). (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M.B. Nolan, H.J. Bertschinger, M.L. Schulman Source Type: research

The Effect of Buserelin on Reproductive Performance in the Transitional and Anestrous Mare
In the equine breeding industry there is economic pressure to produce foals early in the year, increase the number of estrous cycles for increased embryo recovery, and recover embryos prior to a mare ’s performance season. Unfortunately, many mares are not reproductively active at this time, and there is therefore a need to induce cyclicity. Historically, this has been accomplished by increased photoperiod, in addition to therapeutic manipulation of endocrine events, but considerable variabili ty is seen between mares in response to this. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: K.E. Wolfsdorf, C.E. Fedorka, K.J. Lu, E.H. Martinez, W.W. Zent Source Type: research

Progesterone and 5 α-dihydroprogesterone (DHP) in Cyclic Mares, and in Ovariectomized Mares and Geldings After Progesterone Administration
The significance of the bioactive, 5 α-reduced progesterone metabolite, 5α-dihydroprogesterone (DHP; placentally-derived in late gestation) in equine pregnancy is well supported by in vivo and in vitro data (Scholtz et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci, 2014; 111:3365-3370). Whether DHP circulates at relevant concentrations in cyclic mares rem ains unknown and, if so, does synthesis involve the non-pregnant uterus? Daily blood samples were drawn from cyclic mares (n=5). In additional experiments, ovariectomized mares (OVX, n=3) and geldings (n=3) were given progesterone (300mg) by intramuscular injection. (Source: Journal of Equin...
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: A.J. Conley, E.L. Scholtz, E.L. Legacki, G.D. Dujovne, C.J. Corbin, B.A. Ball, B.C. Moeller, S.D. Stanley Source Type: research

Expression of Oestrogen Receptor α Is Negatively Correlated With Collagen Density in the Mare’s Cervix
Failure of cervical dilation during oestrus is a recognised predisposing factor for post-breeding endometritis. As a prerequisite step to understanding the mechanisms behind such failure, this study aimed to elucidate normal expression of cervical hormone receptors and collagen modelling at different stages of the oestrous cycle. We tested the two hypotheses that: (1) the proportion of collagen staining and (2) the expression of steroid receptors in mares ’ cervices differ with stage of the oestrous cycle, and site within the cervix. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M.L.H. Campbell, L.E. Peachey, L. Callan, D.C. Wathes, A.M. de Mestre Source Type: research

Localization of AMH and AMHRII in Granulosa Cell Tumor of Thoroughbred Mares
Granulosa cell tumours (GCT) are the most common tumor which affect ovarian tissue in mares. Mares with GCT may become infertile due to the suppressed activity of the contralateral normal ovary, and if GCT are ablated by surgery, the normal ovary will become active, with recovery from infertility [1]. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Ts. Munkhtuul, H. Murase, B.A. Ball, K. Habukawa, F. Sato, K. Watanabe, Y. Nambo Source Type: research

Serum anti-M üllerian Hormone Following Zona Pellucida Immunocontraceptive Vaccination of Mares
This study aimed to assess the utility of measuring serum AMH concentrations by comparison with clinical parameters for monitoring ovarian activity following ZP-based immunocontraception in a population of horse mares. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M.B. Nolan, H.J. Bertschinger, M. Crampton, M.L. Schulman Source Type: research

Real-time-in Vivo Microscopic Imaging of Equine Endometrium Using Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy: Preliminary Observations and Feasibility Study
Poor reproductive performance in the mare has major financial implications for the equine industry, and a large proportion of barren mares have endometritis. Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is an endoscopic technique for obtaining in vivo, real-time cellular imaging of tissues with a micron-scale resolution through a fibre optic probe. CLE may be a valuable tool for the detection of equine endometritis. As with bench top laser scanning microscopy, CLE relies on induced fluorescence. In human patients, most studies used fluorescein sodium as a fluorescent agent which has a favourable safety profile. (Source: Journal of ...
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: K. Gallacher, L. Woolford, L.C. Santos, K.L. Kind Source Type: research

The Fate of Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem Cells After Application in the Healthy Equine Uterus
This study aimed to track the distribution and effects of autologous enMSCs following in vivo application into the equine uterus. Reproductively healthy Haflinger mares, aged 4-7 years, were used during the breeding season. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: B.E. Rink, C. Aurich, Hilari French, F.X. Donadeu Source Type: research

Insemination Dose and Site With Frozen Semen Affects the Sperm Transport and Inflammatory Response in Mares?
Post-breeding inflammation is a physiological process that is elicited in the uterus of mares in response to the presence of spermatozoa [1]. The duration and severity of this inflammatory reaction is a critical factor in determining the ability of the mare to become and stay pregnant. Sperm were found in the oviducts as soon as 30 minutes after insemination [2]. However, pregnancy rate was lowered when mares ’ uterus were flushed within 2h after artificial insemination (AI), while the uterine lavage performed at 4h post insemination had no adverse effect on fertility [3]. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: N. Cazales, S.M. Fiala-Rechsteiner, D. Cavestany, R.C. Mattos Source Type: research

Metagenetic Characterization of the Resident Equine Uterine Microbiome Using Multiple Techniques
In this study the resident uterine microbiome of healthy estrual mares was characterized by metagenetics from double-guarded swabs of the external cervical os and uterus , uterine LVL and tissue biopsy samples. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: B.A. Heil, S.K. Thompson, T.A. Kearns, G.M. Davolli, G. King, J.L. Sones Source Type: research

The Value of Innate Immune Genes as Diagnostic Markers for Endometritis in Mares
Persistent mating-induced endometritis (PMIE) is a major cause for subfertility in mares. While a brief inflammation is the physiological response to breeding, a sterile uterine environment free of inflammatory products is essential for embryonic survival from about five days after ovulation. Underlying low-grade inflammation that persists throughout the oestrous cycle may contribute to the subfertility associated with PMIE. In a previous study, we found that gene expression levels in uterine biopsies for three genes associated with the innate immune response, equine β-defensin 1 (EBD1), lysozyme (LYZ) and secretory leuko...
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: C.D. Marth, G.P. Macolino, N. Krekeler Source Type: research

Alteration of the Mare ’s Immune System by the Synthetic Progestin, Altrenogest
The equine industry utilizes synthetic progestins for a variety of applications, including therapeutic, contraceptive, and behavioral modifications. The most commonly administered progestin is altrenogest, although this drug has been associated with an increased risk of uterine inflammation during early diestrus. In addition, a study found that foals born to mares receiving altrenogest during late gestation had a significantly lower lymphocyte/neutrophil ratio compared to controls, indicating a potential effect on the immune system. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: C.E. Fedorka, B.A. Ball, K.J. Lu, J.M. Hanneman, A.A. Adams Source Type: research