Journal of Equine Veterinary Science This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Progress Report on Clinical Application of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis in 36 Equine Embryos
In this report, we evaluated biopsy results of 11 in vivo-recovered and 25 IVP equine embryos collected in 2017 and tested for sex and either HERDA, HYPP or coat color genes. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Y.H. Choi, R.H. Park, M.C.T. Penedo, R.A. Grahn, S.J. Choi Source Type: research

Vitrification of Immature Oocytes for the Production of Equine Embryos by ICSI: Protocol Effect on Maturation, Embryo Development, Mitochondrial Distribution and Functionality
The objective of this study was to compare the performance of two commercial (Global Fast Freeze and Cryotech) and one non-commercial (20%EG, 20%DMSO and 0.65M trehalose, adapted from Lane et al. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: G. Cl érico, M.B. Rodríguez, G. Taminelli, A. Butteri, J.C. Veronesi, S. Fernández, D. Salamone, M. Sansinena Source Type: research

First Cloned Equine Pregnancy in Australia Produced by Inhibition of H3K9 Methyltransferases in Somatic Donor Cells
Several studies have shown that cellular reprogramming during somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) involves changes in gene expression that are associated with epigenetic modifications, such as histone methylation/acetylation. Particularly, the histone 3 trimethylation of lysine 9 (H3K9me3), associated with gene silencing, has recently been shown to be one of the main epigenetic barriers influencing SCNT efficiency in mice (Matoba et al. Cell. 2014; 4:884-895). We hypothesized that the use of somatic cells with diminished H3K9 methyltransferase activity would significantly improve the efficiency of SCNT in horses. (Source:...
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: A. Gambini, A.O. McKinnon, T.V. Damasceno Teixeira, K.L. Fry, J.M. Kelly, P.J. Verma, D.F. Salamone, R. Fry Source Type: research

Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis in Donkey Embryos After Biopsy
New knowledge on mammalian genomes allows embryo selection for specific characteristics before transfer, termed preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). PGD also allows elimination of disease due to inherited genetic mutations, and facilitates crossbreeding and cryobanking of interesting genetic characteristics. To perform PGD, a few embryonic cells are required, followed by whole genome amplification (WGA). This technique is widely used in man. In horses, PGD has been performed successfully prior to embryo cryopreservation (Choi et.al. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: L. Ottmann, F. Reigner, J.M. Allamellou, M. Magistrini, F. Guignot Source Type: research

Clinical Autogenous Transfers Into the Oocyte Donor ’s Uterus of Embryos Produced by Intracytoplasmic sperm Injection
Clinical applications of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in equine reproduction have increased in popularity over the past decade. Aging or death of popular sires has limited use of their frozen semen to ICSI. Recipient lease and mare care throughout gestation is a cost consideration with ICSI-produced embryos, although oocyte donors can be capable of carrying a foal to term. Therefore, techniques have been developed in which ICSI-produced embryos are transferred back into oocyte donor ’s uterus (autogenous transfer)[Carnevale et al. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: J.N. Hatzel, P.M. McCue, R.A. Ferris, J.E. Stokes, E.M. Carnevale Source Type: research

Blastocoele Fluid vs. Embryonic Cells for Sex Determination in Equine Embryos
Genetic analysis of preimplantation embryos generally involves the collection of a few embryonic cells that are then used for PCR. Blastocoele fluid from preimplantation embryos contains genomic DNA that can also be used for genetic diagnosis. This has already been described for human (Palini et al, Reprod Biomed Online 2013;26:603-10), equine (Herrera et al, Theriogenology 2015;83:415-20) and bovine (Herrera et al, Reprod. Dom Anim; 2017;51(S1):51) embryos. Large in vivo derived equine embryos are able to survive cryopreservation only if they are previously collapsed (Choi et al, Theriogenology 2011;76:143 –52). (Source...
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: C. Herrera, E. Jeannerat, R. Sanchez, D. Burger, S. Wyck, F. Janett, H. Bollwein Source Type: research

A Single Fixed-time Insemination Prior to Ovulation Results in Higher Pregnancy Rates Than Post-ovulation Insemination When Using Frozen-thawed Semen
The negative effects on sperm longevity caused by the cryopreservation process, coupled with reduced numbers of sperm per insemination dose, place great pressure on accurate timing of AI in relation to ovulation when using frozen-thawed semen. A number of AI timing protocols have been reported, which include; AI every 24 h [1], fixed time AI (FTAI) with either a split dose [2] or entire dose [3] of frozen semen inseminated before and after ovulation, and AI within 6-12 h after ovulation [2-4][2,3,4]. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: F.K. Hollinshead, D.W. Hanlon Source Type: research

Fibrinogen at the Embryo/Fetal-maternal Interface Mediates Integrin-dependent Cell Adhesion During Equine Pregnancy
Early equine pregnancy is characterized by a number of distinct features such as a phase of embryonic mobility and a prolonged pre-implantation phase. Following fixation, it is not until day 40 post ovulation that the trophoblast begins to make a stable microvillous attachment to the luminal epithelium of the endometrium. The adhesion molecules and extracellular matrix proteins involved in either process have not been examined in detail. We have recently described the expression and secretion of fibrinogen by pre-implantation equine conceptuses. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: A. Macedo, D. Toms, D.M. Grant, C. Klein Source Type: research

Effects of L-arginine Supplementation to Early Pregnant Mares on Conceptus Development and Growth
Endometrial gland secretions are the sole source of nutrients for the developing embryo during the preimplantation period. The importance of the amino acid L-arginine (ARG) for conceptus growth has been demonstrated in various species. L-arginine is an integral part of embryo derived polyamines, an adequate substrate for nitric oxide synthase (up-regulation of endometrial blood flow) and stimulates protein synthesis by the embryo. In the present study, we have investigated if oral L-arginine supplementation stimulates early conceptus growth in mares. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M. K öhne, M. Wulf, E. Beythien, C. Gauthier, K. Männer, J. Zentek, C. Aurich Source Type: research

Meiotic Spindle Characteristics of Oocytes After Vitrification at Germinal Vesicle Stage, Warming and Maturation In Vitro and Developmental Potential After ICSI
The oocyte cytoskeleton can be damaged during cryopreservation, potentially compromising normal embryonic development. Aims of this study were to investigate the effect of vitrification of immature (germinal vesicle, GV) oocytes on spindle integrity and embryo development after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Immature oocytes were collected from excised ovaries or live mares, 3-16 yr. Oocytes were assigned to Control (nonvitrified) or Vitrified groups. Oocytes were vitrified as previously described (Kuwayama et al., Reproductive BioMedicine Online 2005) using the Cryotop method and a commercial medium. (Source: Jo...
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: L.J. Maclellan, J.N. Hatzel, F. Amoroso, J.E. Stokes, E.M. Carnevale Source Type: research

Developmental Potential of Equine Oocytes in the Breeding and Nonbreeding Seasons
The objective of this study was to investigate the developmental potential of oocytes collected from mares throughout the year by comparing the following end points between the breeding and nonbreeding seasons: the number of retrieved oocytes to the number of follicles aspirated (oocyte recovery rate); the number of oocytes reaching meiotic metaphase II to the total number of oocytes collected (maturation rate); the number of cleaved embryos and blastocysts to mature oocytes (cleavage rate and blastocyst rate). (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: C.K. Mak, C.A. Leisinger, E.A. Coffman, V. Medina, M.L. Markle, D.L. Paccamonti, C.R.F. Pinto Source Type: research

Recovery and Maturation Rates, and Blastocyst Rates After ICSI, of Oocytes Aspirated From Follicles After Intrafollicular Oocyte Transfer
Intrafollicular oocyte transfer (IFOT) in the mare offers a unique method to study oocyte maturation, and has clinical potential. Several studies have explored IFOT for embryo production; however, the embryo recovery rate has been poor, for unknown reasons. The purpose of this study was to assess the meiotic and developmental competence of oocytes recovered from the follicle after IFOT. Immature cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were obtained by transvaginal follicle aspiration (TVA) and held overnight at room temperature. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: E.V. Martinez de Andino, J.G. Brom-de-Luna, H.S. Canesin, H.L. Resende, A.M. Ripley, C.C. Love, K. Hinrichs Source Type: research

Calcium Influx in Equine Sperm Treated With Calcium Ionophore in the Presence or Absence of Protein
Standard equine in vitro fertilization (IVF) has had poor success; this has been attributed to an inability to capacitate equine sperm in vitro. One treatment shown by several laboratories to result in validated equine IVF is exposure of sperm to the calcium ionophore A23187. While sometimes successful (up to 30% reported fertilization), the results have been variable. The reason for this variability is unclear. Little information is available on the effect of A23187 on calcium influx into equine sperm, or on procedural factors that affect this influx. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: H.L. Resende, B.L. Leemans, K. Hinrichs Source Type: research

Use of Frozen/Thawed Maturation Medium for In Vitro Maturation of Equine Oocytes
Establishment of a system for in vitro equine embryo production is difficult in some countries due to the complexity and expense of acquiring supplies. Prepared media are especially problematic, as they are typically sold in large (e.g. 500-mL) amounts and have a short shelf life after opening, but only a small volume of the medium is used per replicate. Potentially, freezing the medium could allow its continued use over a long period; however freezing of complex media is not recommended as it may cause formation of non-soluble precipitates and thus affect the ion concentration. (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: F.L. Riera, J.E. Rold án, J. Espinosa, K. Hinrichs Source Type: research

Annexin A1, a Phospholipase A2 Inhibitor, Is Induced by Intrauterine Plastic Spheres
Intrauterine devices (IUDs) have been reported to induce prolonged luteal phases in mares. The mechanism is not known, although endometrial inflammation and mechanotransduction have been hypothesized. The aim of this study was to clarify mechanisms by which IUDs may prevent luteolysis. For that purpose, protein content of intrauterine fluid was analysed using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE). Twenty-seven reproductively normal mares aged 4-17 years were divided into two groups, the inseminated (AI) (n=12) and the intrauterine device (IUD) groups (n=15). (Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science)
Source: Journal of Equine Veterinary Science - June 23, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M.M. Rivera del Alamo, T. Reilas, M. Palviainen, T. Katila Source Type: research