Regulatory B cells in human inflammatory and autoimmune diseases: from mouse models to clinical research
B cells have been generally considered to be positive regulators of immune responses because of their ability to produce antigen-specific antibodies and to activate T cells through antigen presentation. Impairment of B cell development and function may cause inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Recently, specific B cell subsets that can negatively regulate immune responses have been described in mouse models of a wide variety of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The concept of those B cells, termed regulatory B cells, is now recognized as important in the murine immune system. Among several regulatory B cell subsets, ...
Source: International Immunology - September 29, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Miyagaki, T., Fujimoto, M., Sato, S. Tags: Invited review Source Type: research
Signals controlling the development and activity of regulatory B-lineage cells
The fundamental concepts surrounding B cells with inhibitory function (regulatory B cells) are now being established. In the context of autoimmune and inflammatory animal models, B cells play an immunomodulatory role via IL-10 production and contribute to limitation of the pathogenesis. Recent studies have notably identified the human counterparts of these cells, which have been suggested to be relevant to the pathophysiology of disease. Clear criteria to identify these cell subsets and the key molecular mechanisms underlying their physiological features are required for understanding the big picture of regulatory B cells....
Source: International Immunology - September 29, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Baba, Y., Matsumoto, M., Kurosaki, T. Tags: Invited review Source Type: research
The expanding family of regulatory B cells
Over the last decade it has become evident that in addition to producing antibody, B cells activate the immune system by producing cytokines and via antigen presentation. In addition, B cells also exhibit immunosuppressive functions via diverse regulatory mechanisms. This subset of B cells, known as regulatory B cells (Bregs), contributes to the maintenance of tolerance, primarily via the production of IL-10. Studies in experimental animal models, as well as in patients with autoimmune diseases, have identified multiple Breg subsets exhibiting diverse mechanisms of immune suppression. In this review, we describe the differ...
Source: International Immunology - September 29, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Mauri, C., Menon, M. Tags: Invited review Source Type: research
Regulatory B10 cell development and function
B cells are known to instigate and promulgate immune responses by producing antibodies and presenting antigens to T cells. However, a rare but potent B-cell subset in both humans and mice is capable of inhibiting immune responses through the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Regulatory B cells do not express any unique combination of surface markers but instead represent a small population of B cells that have acquired the unique ability to produce IL-10. This numerically rare B-cell subset is therefore functionally referred to as ‘B10 cells’ to reflect both their molecular program and the fac...
Source: International Immunology - September 29, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Lykken, J. M., Candando, K. M., Tedder, T. F. Tags: Invited review Source Type: research
Introduction: Regulatory B Cell Special Issue--making all the pieces fit
(Source: International Immunology)
Source: International Immunology - September 29, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Tedder, T. F. Tags: Introduction Source Type: research
Table of Contents
(Source: International Immunology)
Source: International Immunology - September 29, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research
Subscriptions
(Source: International Immunology)
Source: International Immunology - September 29, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research
Cover
(Source: International Immunology)
Source: International Immunology - September 29, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research
Anti-Semaphorin 3A neutralization monoclonal antibody prevents sepsis development in lipopolysaccharide-treated mice
Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), originally identified as a potent growth cone collapsing factor in developing sensory neurons, is now recognized as a key player in immune, cardiovascular, bone metabolism and neurological systems. Here we established an anti-Sema3A monoclonal antibody that neutralizes the effects of Sema3A both in vitro and in vivo. The anti-Sema3A neutralization chick IgM antibodies were screened by combining an autonomously diversifying library selection system and an in vitro growth cone collapse assay. We further developed function-blocking chick-mouse chimeric and humanized anti-Sema3A antibodies. We found tha...
Source: International Immunology - August 26, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Yamashita, N., Jitsuki-Takahashi, A., Ogawara, M., Ohkubo, W., Araki, T., Hotta, C., Tamura, T., Hashimoto, S.-i., Yabuki, T., Tsuji, T., Sasakura, Y., Okumura, H., Takaiwa, A., Koyama, C., Murakami, K., Goshima, Y. Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
The cell surface receptor Slamf6 modulates innate immune responses during Citrobacter rodentium-induced colitis
The homophilic cell surface receptors CD150 (Slamf1) and CD352 (Slamf6) are known to modulate adaptive immune responses. Although the Th17 response was enhanced in Slamf6 –/– C57BL/6 mice upon oral infection with Citrobacter rodentium, the pathologic consequences are indistinguishable from an infection of wild-type C57BL/6 mice. Using a reporter-based binding assay, we show that Slamf6 can engage structures on the outer cell membrane of several Gram– bacteria. Therefore, we examined whether Slamf6, like Slamf1, is also involved in innate responses to bacteria and regulates peripheral inflammation by ...
Source: International Immunology - August 26, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: van Driel, B., Wang, G., Liao, G., Halibozek, P. J., Keszei, M., O'Keeffe, M. S., Bhan, A. K., Wang, N., Terhorst, C. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Toll-like receptor 9 trafficking and signaling for type I interferons requires PIKfyve activity
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) traffic to distinct membranes for signaling. TLR7 and TLR9 recognize viral nucleic acids in the endosomes and induce robust anti-viral program. Signaling from these TLRs bifurcate at the level of distinct endosomal compartments, namely VAMP3+ and LAMP+ endosomes, to mediate the induction of cytokine and type I interferon (IFN) genes, respectively. The formation of the TLR9 endosome competent for IFNs induction requires AP-3. Phosphoinositides (PIs) mark distinct subcellular membranes and control membrane trafficking. However, their role in TLR trafficking and signaling in different dendritic cell...
Source: International Immunology - August 26, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hayashi, K., Sasai, M., Iwasaki, A. Tags: featured content Source Type: research
Resveratrol inhibits the acetylated {alpha}-tubulin-mediated assembly of the NLRP3-inflammasome
With its adaptor protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), Nod-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) forms the inflammasome and mediates inflammatory innate immune responses. Development of an anti-inflammatory drug targeting the NLRP3-inflammasome is urgently required because its aberrant activation often causes inflammatory diseases, including gout. We show that resveratrol, a natural polyphenol in grapes and wine, is a safe and effective phytochemical that inhibits NLRP3-inflammasome activation. Resveratrol inhibits the accumulation of acetylated &al...
Source: International Immunology - August 26, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Misawa, T., Saitoh, T., Kozaki, T., Park, S., Takahama, M., Akira, S. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
Depletion of enteroantigen-activated CD4+ T cells: effects on proliferation and pathogenicity
Naive CD4+ T cells depleted of natural Treg (CD25+) cells proliferate extensively when exposed to a fecal extract [enteroantigen (eAg)] pulsed on antigen-presenting cells (APC). When transplanted into SCID recipient mice, the CD25-depleted T cells induce a chronic colitis with a lethal course. We observed here that if T cells, pre-activated for 48h by eAg from BALB/c or SCID mice, are removed and then reexposed to either of the two sources of antigen, these T cells have completely lost their anti-eAg proliferative capacity in vitro. This observation indicates that eAgs derived from Balb/c and SCID mice are recognized by si...
Source: International Immunology - August 26, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Belmaati, M.-S., Claesson, M. H. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research
In This Issue
(Source: International Immunology)
Source: International Immunology - August 26, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: In This Issue Source Type: research
Table of Contents
(Source: International Immunology)
Source: International Immunology - August 26, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research
