In This Issue
(Source: International Immunology)
Source: International Immunology - January 22, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: In This Issue Source Type: research
Table of Contents
(Source: International Immunology)
Source: International Immunology - January 22, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research
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(Source: International Immunology)
Source: International Immunology - January 22, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research
Cover
(Source: International Immunology)
Source: International Immunology - January 22, 2015 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research
Anti-TNF therapy: past, present and future
While for a century therapeutics has been dominated by small molecules, i.e. organic chemicals of ~400Da absorbable via the gut, this is no longer the case. There are now a plethora of important medicines which are proteins and injectable, which have dramatically improved the therapy of many inflammatory diseases and of cancer. Most of these are monoclonal antibodies, some are receptor Ig Fc fusion proteins, others are cytokines or enzymes. The key to this new aspect of therapeutics has been the filling of unmet needs, and the consequent commercial success, which promoted further research and development. The first ‘...
Source: International Immunology - December 30, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Monaco, C., Nanchahal, J., Taylor, P., Feldmann, M. Tags: Invited review Source Type: research
Therapeutic uses of anti-{alpha}4-integrin (anti-VLA-4) antibodies in multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disorder of putative autoimmune origin, where immune cells invade the central nervous system and cause damage by attacking the myelin sheath of nerve cells. The blockade of the integrin very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) with the monoclonal antibody natalizumab has become the most effective therapy against MS since its approval in 2004. It is assumed that the inhibition of VLA-4-mediated immune cell adhesion to the endothelium of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) alleviates pathogenic processes of MS and, therefore, reduces disease severity and burden. Not all approaches to treat additional immune-m...
Source: International Immunology - December 30, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Schwab, N., Schneider-Hohendorf, T., Wiendl, H. Tags: Invited review Source Type: research
Therapeutic uses of anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies
Despite extensive investigation over the past three decades, cancer immunotherapy has produced limited success, with few agents achieving approval by the Food and Drug Administration and even the most effective helping only a minority of patients, primarily with melanoma or renal cancer. In recent years, immune checkpoints that maintain physiologic self-tolerance have been implicated in the down-regulation of anti-tumor immunity. Efforts to restore latent anti-tumor immunity have focused on antibody-based interventions targeting CTL antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) on T lymphocytes and its prin...
Source: International Immunology - December 30, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Philips, G. K., Atkins, M. Tags: Invited review Source Type: research
Unleashing the clinical power of T cells: CD19/CD3 bi-specific T cell engager (BiTE(R)) antibody construct blinatumomab as a potential therapy
Multi-agent chemotherapy is the standard treatment for most B cell malignancies. Since chemotherapy can be associated with significant toxicity and since relapses resistant to chemotherapy often develop, new therapies are needed. Blinatumomab (AMG 103 or MT103) is a late-stage candidate in clinical development, which belongs to a novel class of antibody constructs termed bi-specific T cell engager antibodies. This antibody construct has dual specificity for CD19 and CD3 and can re-direct polyclonal cytotoxic T lymphocytes toward the tumor. This review focuses on the pre-clinical and clinical development of blinatumomab as ...
Source: International Immunology - December 30, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Zimmerman, Z., Maniar, T., Nagorsen, D. Tags: Invited review Source Type: research
Therapeutic uses of anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody
Cytokine-targeted therapy has generated a paradigm shift in the treatment of several immune-mediated diseases. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), which was initially identified as B-cell stimulatory factor 2, is a prototypical cytokine with wide-ranging biological effects on immune cells such as B and T cells, on hepatocytes, hematopoietic cells, vascular endothelial cells and on many others. IL-6 is thus crucially involved in the regulation of immune responses, hematopoiesis and inflammation. When infections and tissue injuries occur, IL-6 is promptly synthesized and performs a protective role in host defense against such stresses and...
Source: International Immunology - December 30, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kang, S., Tanaka, T., Kishimoto, T. Tags: Invited review Source Type: research
CCR4 and its ligands: from bench to bedside
This article is a brief overview of basic and clinical research on CCR4 and its ligands, which has eventually led to the development of a humanized defucosylated anti-CCR4 antibody ‘Mogamulizumab’ for treatment of relapsed/refractory ATL and CTCLs. (Source: International Immunology)
Source: International Immunology - December 30, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Yoshie, O., Matsushima, K. Tags: Invited review Source Type: research
Therapeutic use of anti-CTLA-4 antibodies
Targeting CTLA-4 represents a new type of immunotherapeutic approach, namely immune checkpoint inhibition. Blockade of CTLA-4 by ipilimumab was the first strategy to achieve a significant clinical benefit for late-stage melanoma patients in two phase 3 trials. These results fueled the notion of immunotherapy being the breakthrough strategy for oncology in 2013. Subsequently, many trials have been set up to test various immune checkpoint modulators in malignancies, not only in melanoma. In this review, recent new ideas about the mechanism of action of CTLA-4 blockade, its current and future therapeutic use, and the intensiv...
Source: International Immunology - December 30, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Blank, C. U., Enk, A. Tags: Invited review Source Type: research
Introduction: Antibody-Targeted Therapy Special Issue
(Source: International Immunology)
Source: International Immunology - December 30, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kishimoto, T. Tags: featured content Source Type: research
Table of Contents
(Source: International Immunology)
Source: International Immunology - December 30, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research
Subscriptions
(Source: International Immunology)
Source: International Immunology - December 30, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research
Cover
(Source: International Immunology)
Source: International Immunology - December 30, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Cover / Standing Material Source Type: research
