Age-dependent expression pattern in the mammalian brain of a novel, small peptide encoded in the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome region
Publication date: June 2018Source: Gene Expression Patterns, Volume 28Author(s): Sabrina Kragness, Mark A.A. Harrison, Joby J. Westmoreland, Adam Burstain, Laurie R. EarlsAbstract22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) carries increased risk for both physical and psychiatric symptoms, including a high risk for schizophrenia. Understanding the genetic elements within the deletion region therefore has the potential to unlock the mysteries of both diseases. While most of the protein-coding genes in this region have been characterized, novel elements, such as non-coding RNAs and small Open Reading Frames (sORFs) remain unstudied...
Source: Gene Expression Patterns - July 5, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Distribution of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) in male Luchuan piglets
Publication date: June 2018Source: Gene Expression Patterns, Volume 28Author(s): Xiaoye Wang, Xun Li, Chuanhuo HuAbstractGonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) has emerged as a novel hypothalamic neuropeptide that actively inhibits gonadotropin release in birds and mammals. Recent evidence indicates that GnIH not only acts as a key neurohormone that controls vertebrate reproduction but is also involved in stress response, food intake, and aggressive and sexual behaviors, suggesting a broad physiological role for this neuropeptide. To elucidate its multiple sites of action and potential functions, studying the detailed dist...
Source: Gene Expression Patterns - July 5, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Expression of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor A2 (adgra2) during Xenopus laevis development
In this study, we investigated for the first time the spatio-temporal expression of adgra2 during early Xenopus embryogenesis in detail. In silico approaches showed that the genomic adgra2 region as well as the Adgra2 protein sequence is highly conserved among different species including Xenopus. RT-PCR experiments confirmed that embryonic adgra2 expression is primarily detected at the beginning of neurulation and is then present throughout the whole Xenopus embryogenesis until stage 42. Whole mount in situ hybridization approaches visualized adgra2 expression in many tissues during Xenopus embryogenesis such as the cardio...
Source: Gene Expression Patterns - July 5, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Molecular characterization, tissue distribution, localization and mRNA expression of the bucky ball gene in the Dabry's sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus) during oogenesis
In this study, the full-length cDNA of buc homologue in Dabry's sturgeon, Adbuc, was isolated and characterized. Multiple sequence alignments showed that the BUVE domain of Buc was highly conserved in vertebrates, despite exhibiting low identities with each other across the whole protein. By quantitative real-time PCR analysis, we found that Adbuc RNAs were only detected in the gonad with a high level in the ovary and a very low level in the testis. During embryogenesis, these RNAs were highly expressed from the unfertilized eggs to blastula, declined dramatically from the gastrula stage, and hardly found after the neurula...
Source: Gene Expression Patterns - July 5, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Investigation of LAMTOR1 gene and protein expressions in germinal vesicle and metaphase II oocytes and embryos from 1-cell to blastocyst stage in a mouse model
In conclusion, both the mRNA and protein levels of LAMTOR1 increase progressively in cleavage-stage mouse embryos. LAMTOR1 has a significant higher embryonic expression at 2-cell to morula stage. LAMTOR1 may play a role in the oogenesis process and probably required for further developmental stages and it may play a possible role in the process of compaction and cavitation in mice. Therefore, further studies are needed to explore the LAMTOR1 expression especially in the different stages of embryonal development. (Source: Gene Expression Patterns)
Source: Gene Expression Patterns - July 5, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Tracheal expression of Osiris gene family in Drosophila
Publication date: June 2018Source: Gene Expression Patterns, Volume 28Author(s): Aaron Scholl, Yuyang Yang, Patrick McBride, Kelly Irwin, Lan JiangAbstractThe Drosophila trachea is a premier genetic system to investigate the fundamental mechanisms of tubular organ formation. Development of the trachea consists of the well understood early branch specification and migration processes, and the less clear later branch maturation process including the apical membrane expansion, cytoskeleton rearrangement, luminal matrix clearance, and air-filling. We identified seven members of the Osiris (Osi) gene family with obvious trachea...
Source: Gene Expression Patterns - July 5, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
The expression patterns of vestigial like family member 4 genes in zebrafish embryogenesis
In this study, we used in situ hybridization to elucidate the temporal and spatial expression of zebrafish vgll4 paralogs during normal embryonic and larval development. Similar expression was shown in certain areas at similar stages for the three paralogs. Expression of vgll4a, vgll4b and vgll4l were all found in pectoral fins and otic vesicles during the early developmental stages. On the other hand, a few differences of the three paralogs expression were found in eyes, pharynx, pharyngeal arches and brain tissues. The expression of vgll4a was weak and ubiquitous, while vgll4b was obviously expressed in brain tissues and...
Source: Gene Expression Patterns - July 5, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
ADAMTS9, a member of the ADAMTS family, in Xenopus development
In this study we identified the 19 members of the ADAMTS family in Xenopus laevis and Xenopus tropicalis. Gene identification and a phylogenetic study revealed strong conservation of the ADAMTS family and contributed to a better annotation of the Xenopus genomes. Expression of the entire ADAMTS family was studied from early stages to tadpole stages of Xenopus, and detailed analysis of ADAMTS9 revealed expression in many structures during organogenesis such as neural crest (NC) derivative tissues, the pronephros and the pancreas. Versican, a matrix component substrate of ADAMTS9 shows a similar expression pattern suggesting...
Source: Gene Expression Patterns - July 5, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Identification and expression of carbonic anhydrase 2, myosin regulatory light chain 2 and selenium-binding protein 1 in zebrafish Danio rerio: Implication for age-related biomarkers
In this study we showed that zebrafish ca2, myl2a, myl2b and selenbp1 were highly identical to their mammalian counterparts in primary and tertiary structures as well as genomic organization and syntenic map. They displayed distinct spatiotemporal expression patterns in embryos and larvae of zebrafish. Moreover, their transcription levels in the respective tissues were obviously remodeled in an age-dependent fashion, i.e. some mRNA levels were increased, while others remained unchanged or even decreased, suggesting that CA2, MYL2a, MYL2b and SELENBP1 can be used as aging biomarkers. Our study also lays a foundation for fur...
Source: Gene Expression Patterns - July 5, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Epigenetic modifications in the embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells
Publication date: September 2018Source: Gene Expression Patterns, Volume 29Author(s): Rasoul Godini, Haider Yabr Lafta, Hossein FallahiAbstractEpigenetic modifications are involved in global reprogramming of the cell transcriptome. Therefore, synchronized major shifts in the expression of many genes could be achieved through epigenetic changes. The regulation of gene expression could be implemented by different epigenetic events including histone modifications, DNA methylation and chromatin remodelling. Interestingly, it has been documented that reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells is also...
Source: Gene Expression Patterns - July 5, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Expression patterns of Yes-associated protein 1 in the developing mouse liver
Publication date: September 2018Source: Gene Expression Patterns, Volume 29Author(s): Wei Wei, Jeremy Lotto, Pamela A. HoodlessAbstractThe Hippo signaling pathway regulates many cellular processes, but has been specifically associated with control organ size and tumor growth. Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is a transcriptional cofactor, in the Hippo pathway, that regulates gene expression when localized in the nucleus. Elevated expression of YAP1 in adult mouse liver leads to hepatomegaly and can cause hepatocellular carcinoma; while the loss of function studies reveal its importance in regulating cholangiocyte developmen...
Source: Gene Expression Patterns - July 5, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Enriched expression of the ciliopathy gene Ick in cell proliferating regions of adult mice
Publication date: September 2018Source: Gene Expression Patterns, Volume 29Author(s): Ryotaro Tsutsumi, Taro Chaya, Takahisa FurukawaAbstractCilia are essential for sensory and motile functions across species. In humans, ciliary dysfunction causes “ciliopathies”, which show severe developmental abnormalities in various tissues. Several missense mutations in intestinal cell kinase (ICK) gene lead to endocrine-cerebro-osteodysplasia syndrome or short rib-polydactyly syndrome, lethal recessive developmental ciliopathies. We and others previously reported that Ick-deficient mice exhibit neonatal lethality with developmenta...
Source: Gene Expression Patterns - July 5, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Identification of runt family genes involved in planarian regeneration and tissue homeostasis
In this study, the full-length cDNA sequences of two runt genes are first cloned from Dugesia japonica, and their roles are investigated by WISH and RNAi. The results show that: (1) the Djrunts are conserved during evolution; (2) the Djrunts mRNA are widely expressed in intact and regenerative worms, and their expression levels are up-regulated significantly on day 1 after amputation; (3) loss of Djrunts function lead to lysis or regeneration failure in the intact and regenerating worms. Overall, the data suggests that Djrunts play important roles in regeneration and homeostatic maintenance in planarians. (Source: Gene Expression Patterns)
Source: Gene Expression Patterns - July 5, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
The expression of fgfr3 in the zebrafish head
Publication date: September 2018Source: Gene Expression Patterns, Volume 29Author(s): Joanna K. Ledwon, Sergey Y. Turin, Arun K. Gosain, Jolanta M. TopczewskaAbstractFibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling is essential for many developmental processes and plays a pivotal role in skeletal homeostasis, regeneration and wound healing. FGF signals through one of five tyrosine kinase receptors: Fgfr1a, -1b, −2, −3, −4. To characterize the expression of zebrafish fgfr3 from the larval stage to adulthood, we used RNAscope in situ hybridization on paraffin sections of the zebrafish head. Our study revealed spatial and tempo...
Source: Gene Expression Patterns - July 5, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
The spatial and developmental expression of mouse Vwa8 (von Willebrand domain-containing protein 8)
Publication date: September 2018Source: Gene Expression Patterns, Volume 29Author(s): Brian S. Grewe, Janet E. Richmond, David E. FeatherstoneAbstractThe Drosophila gene c12.2 was isolated in a screen examining mRNA binding proteins. Drosophila c12.2 is the mouse Vwa8 homolog. Various genome-wide associated studies have linked human Vwa8 to both neurological and oncological pathologies, which include autism, bipolar disorder, comorbid migraine, and acute myeloid leukemia, however, the function and role of the VWA8 protein remain poorly understood. To further analyze the Vwa8 gene in mouse, gene structure, protein homology ...
Source: Gene Expression Patterns - July 5, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
