Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Methotrexate and actinomycin D chemotherapy in a patient with porphyria: a case report
Conclusions: Methotrexate and actinomycin D did not induce acute porphyric attacks in this patient with acute intermittent porphyria; however, severe adverse effects were noted with methotrexate. Although further investigation is required, our data suggest that these agents are nonporphyrinogenic and can therefore be used to treat patients with comorbid porphyria. (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - January 18, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Yukiko MikamiTomonori NagaiYousuke GomiYasushi TakaiMasahiro SaitoKazunori BabaHiroyuki Seki Source Type: research

Community-based clinic volunteering: an evaluation of the direct and indirect effects on the experience of health science college students
Background: The present study was conducted in a multi service-learning, student managed and operated, community-based clinic. Its aim was to measure the direct and indirect effects of how proximal factors (i.e., ‘management’, ‘support received’, ‘duration of involvement’, and ‘average time spent per month’) and mediators (i.e., ‘training received’, ‘motivation’, and ‘commitment’) influence distal outcomes (i.e., ‘performance’, ‘satisfaction’, and ‘overall experience’) within a volunteer organization. Methods: Participants were recruited through the use of an email list server. An on...
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - January 18, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Yelena BirdAdiba IslamJohn Moraros Source Type: research

Growth and repair factors, osteoactivin, matrix metalloproteinase and heat shock protein 72, increase with resolution of inflammation in musculotendinous tissues in a rat model of repetitive grasping
Conclusion: The simultaneous increases of OA with factors involved in tissue repair (MMPs and HSP72) supports a role of OA in tissue regeneration after repetitive overuse. (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - January 18, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Nagat FraraSamir AbdelmagidMichael TytellMamta AminSteven PopoffFayez SafadiMary Barbe Source Type: research

Cross-sectional associations between occupational factors and musculoskeletal pain in women teachers, nurses and sonographers
Conclusions: The occupational groups were affected differently and need different protective measures. For the teachers, the psychosocial work environment should be improved. The surgical staff and sonographers require measures to mitigate lifting and constrained postures. (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - January 18, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Inger ArvidssonJenny Gremark SimonsenCamilla DahlqvistAnna AxmonBjörn KarlsonJonas BjörkCatarina Nordander Source Type: research

The need for pragmatic clinical trials in low and middle income settings – taking essential neonatal interventions delivered as part of inpatient care as an illustrative example
DiscussionA set of basic interventions have been defined, based on available evidence, that could substantially reduce early neonatal deaths if successfully implemented at scale within district and sub-district hospitals in LMIC. However, we illustrate that there remain many gaps in the evidence available to guide delivery of many inpatient neonatal interventions, that existing evidence is often from high income settings and that it frequently indicates uncertainty in the magnitude or even direction of estimates of effect. Furthermore generalizing results to LMIC where conditions include very high patient staff ratios, abs...
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - January 18, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Mike EnglishJamlick KarumbiMichuki MainaJalemba AluvaalaArchna GuptaMerrick ZwarensteinNewton Opiyo Source Type: research

A pilot study of an individualized comprehensive treatment for advanced gastric cancer with para-aortic lymph node metastasis
Background: The incidence of the para-aortic lymph node metastasis (PALM) in patients with advanced gastric cancer is 6 to 33 %. The prognosis is poor and the 5-year survival rate is only 12 to 23 % after gastrectomy with super-extended lymph node dissection. We applied an individualized comprehensive treatment for affected patients including neoadjuvant chemotherapy via intra-arterial and intravenous administration, surgery and radiotherapy, to investigate the safety and prognostic value. Methods: Between January 2005 and December 2010, 47 advanced gastric cancer patients with PALM received 5-Fu (370 mg/m ...
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - January 18, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Qi HeLong MaYang LiGuoli Li Source Type: research

An ectopic adreocortical adenoma of the renal sinus: a case report and literature review
Conclusion: Ectopic adrenal tumors are rare in the renal sinus and difficult to diagnose and treat. Large and functional tumors should be treated with complete resection. The procedure is sometimes difficult for tumors located deep in the renal sinus. The decision to perform an open or minimally invasive surgery should be made according to the surgeon’s experience. (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - January 16, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Jiexiu ZhangBianjiang LiuNinghong SongQiang LvZenjun WangMing Gu Source Type: research

Is adjunctive pharmacotherapy in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder cost-effective in Canada: a cost-effectiveness assessment of guanfacine extended-release as an adjunctive therapy to a long-acting stimulant for the treatment of ADHD
Conclusions: This economic evaluation demonstrates that GXR + stimulant is cost-effective compared to stimulant alone in the treatment of children and adolescents with ADHD in Canada. (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - January 16, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Jean LachaineVanja SikiricaKarine Mathurin Source Type: research

Combining motivational and volitional approaches to reducing excessive alcohol consumption in pre-drinkers: a theory-based intervention protocol
We present the study protocol of an online theory-based intervention to reduce pre-drinking and related harm in pre-drinking undergraduates, using behavior change techniques targeting the motivational and volitional phases of behaviour.DesignA fully randomized 2 (autonomy support: present vs. absent) x 2 (implementation intention: present vs. absent) between-participants design will be used to ascertain the effectiveness of the intervention in reducing pre-drinking alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm. Participants will complete a range of theory-based measures prior to being allocated to one of the four experiment...
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - January 16, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Kim CaudwellBarbara MullanMartin Hagger Source Type: research

Unintended pregnancy, contraceptive use, and childbearing desires among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women in Botswana: across-sectional study
Background: Little is known about the impact of knowledge of HIV serostatus on pregnancy intention and contraceptive use in high-HIV-burden southern African settings in the era of widespread antiretroviral treatment availability. Methods: We analyzed interview data collected among 473 HIV-uninfected and 468 HIV-infected pregnant and recently postpartum women at two sites in southern Botswana. Participants were interviewed about their knowledge of their HIV status prior to pregnancy, intendedness of the pregnancy, contraceptive use, and future childbearing desires. Results: The median age of the 941 women was 27 years, med...
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - January 16, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Gloria MayondiKathleen WirthChelsea MorroniSikhulile MoyoGbolahan AjibolaModiegi DisekoMaureen SakoiJane MagetseKebaiphe MoabiJean LeidnerJoseph MakhemaBetsy KammererShahin Lockman Source Type: research

Autoantibody signatures defined by serological proteome analysis in sera from patients with cholangiocarcinoma
Conclusions: Immunological patterns depended on the type of antigen substrate used; i.e. tumour versus non tumour specimens. Nevertheless, a combination of multiple autoantibodies tested with the most appropriate substrate might be more sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - January 16, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Mohammad MustafaViet NguyenFrançois Le NaourEleonora De MartinElvire BeleokenCatherine GuettierCatherine JohanetDidier SamuelJean-Charles Duclos-ValleeEric Ballot Source Type: research

Frequency of bone mineral density testing in adult kidney transplant recipients from Ontario, Canada: a population-based cohort study
This study sought to determine practice patterns in BMD testing across kidney transplant centres in Ontario, Canada, and to compare the frequency of testing in kidney transplant recipients to non-transplant reference groups. Methods: Using healthcare databases from Ontario, Canada we conducted a population-based cohort study of adult kidney transplant recipients who received a transplant from 1994-2009. We used logistic regression to determine if there was a statistically significant difference across transplant centres in the decision to perform at least one BMD test after transplantation, adjusting for covariates that ma...
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - January 16, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Kyla NaylorGuangyong ZouWilliam LeslieEric McArthurNgan LamGregory KnollS. KimLisa-Ann FraserJonathan AdachiAnthony HodsmanAmit Garg Source Type: research

Predictors of increasing injury severity across suspected recurrent episodes of non-accidental trauma: a retrospective cohort study
Background: Little is known about how the severity of injury changes with recurrent events of suspected non-accidental trauma (NAT). Our objective was to determine risk factors for escalating severity of injury in children with multiple events of suspected NAT. Methods: This retrospective longitudinal cohort study included children from a pediatric Medicaid accountable care organization with ≥ 1 non-birth related episode containing an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification or Current Procedural Terminology code for NAT or a skeletal survey between 2007 and 2011. Subsequent pot...
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - January 16, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Jonathan ThackerayPeter MinneciJennifer CooperJonathan GronerKatherine Deans Source Type: research

Several wall-associated kinases participate positively and negatively in basal defense against rice blast fungus
Conclusions: We conclude that the rice OsWAK genes studied are part of basal defense response, potentially mediated by chitin from fungal cell walls. This work also shows that some OsWAKs, like OsWAK112d, may act as negative regulators of disease resistance. (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - January 16, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Amandine DelteilEnrico GobbatoBastien CayrolJoan EstevanCorinne Michel-RomitiAnne DievartThomas KrojJ.-B. Morel Source Type: research

Relevance of in vitro agar based screens to characterize the anti-fungal activities of bacterial endophyte communities
Conclusions: Evidence was gained here that the in vitro dual culture method is a relevant method for high throughput screening of plant endophyte communities for anti-fungal activity. In our study, the method captured all of the microbes that suppressed the corresponding pathogens in planta. (Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations)
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - January 16, 2016 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Hanan ShehataEric LyonsKaterina JordanManish Raizada Source Type: research