Folic acid fortification and prevalences of neural tube defects, orofacial clefts, and gastroschisis in California, 1989 to 2010
ConclusionWe observed a slower decline in prevalence of NTDs, an emergence of a decline in orofacial clefts, and a slower increase in gastroschisis, during the postfortification period in central California, relative to the prefortification period. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology - April 30, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Wei Yang, Suzan L. Carmichael, Gary M. Shaw Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Impact of elective termination on the occurrence of severe birth defects identified in a hospital ‐based active malformations surveillance program (1999 to 2002)
ConclusionIn the surveillance for malformations among newborn infants, the inclusion of malformed fetuses from elective terminations had a significant effect on the number of infants with the more severe malformations identified. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology - April 25, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Emma G. Thomas, M. Hassan Toufaily, Marie ‐Noel Westgate, Anne‐Therese Hunt, Angela E. Lin, Lewis B. Holmes Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Case –control study of nutritional and environmental factors and the risk of oral clefts in Thailand
ConclusionOur findings add to a growing body of knowledge of environmental risk factors for oral clefts from low‐ and middle‐income countries. Our findings on liver are contradictory to prior results. Large multisite studies are needed to identify environmental and genetic risk factors for oral clefts. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:624–632, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology - April 20, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Christy M. McKinney, Araya Pisek, Bowornsilp Chowchuen, Timothy DeRouen, Benja Muktabhant, Suteera Pradubwong, Cathy Yeung, Waranuch Pitiphat Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Joint effects of genetic variants and residential proximity to pesticide applications on hypospadias risk
ConclusionWe observed elevated risks associated with joint exposures to selected pesticides and genetic variants but no statistical evidence for interaction. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology - April 20, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Suzan L. Carmichael, Wei Yang, Chen Ma, Eric Roberts, Susan Kegley, Paul English, Edward J. Lammer, John S. Witte, Gary M. Shaw Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Exposure to methylergonovine maleate as a cause of sirenomelia
ConclusionOn the basis of the mechanisms of vascular disruption and early administration of methylergonovine maleate at a critical stage of organogenesis, we conclude that exposure to methylergonovine maleate could be the cause of the development of sirenomelia. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology - April 17, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Mauro Cozzolino, Chiara Riviello, Gertrud Fichtel, Mariarosaria Di Tommaso Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

Issue Information
(Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology - April 13, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research

Cover Image
(Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology - April 13, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Tags: Cover Image Source Type: research

Determining the association between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphisms and genomic DNA methylation level: A meta‐analysis
ConclusionThe results of our study provide evidence to assess the global methylation modification alterations of MTHFR polymorphisms among individuals. However, our data did not found any conceivable proof supporting the hypothesis that common variant of MTHFR A1298C, C677T contributes to methylation modification. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology - March 31, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Li Wang, Shaofang Shangguan, Shaoyan Chang, Xin Yu, Zhen Wang, Xiaolin Lu, Lihua Wu, Ting Zhang Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Levels of folate receptor autoantibodies in maternal and cord blood and risk of neural tube defects in a Chinese population
ConclusionHigher levels of FR autoimmunity in maternal plasma are associated with elevated risk of NTDs in a dose–response manner. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology - March 31, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Na Yang, Linlin Wang, Richard H. Finnell, Zhiwen Li, Lei Jin, Le Zhang, Robert M. Cabrera, Rongwei Ye, Aiguo Ren Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Bone morphogenetic protein type I receptor inhibition induces cleft palate associated with micrognathia and cleft lower lip in mice
ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that LDN‐193189 can be used to manipulate BMP signaling by selectively targeting the BMP/Smad signaling pathway to affect palatal morphogenesis and produce phenotypes mimicking those caused by genetic mutations. This work established a novel mouse model for teratogen‐induced cleft palate. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology - March 31, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Yongzhen Lai, Changfu Xie, Shixian Zhang, Guowu Gan, Di Wu, Weihui Chen Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Impact of elective termination on the occurrence of severe birth defects identified in a hospital‐based active malformations surveillance program (1999 to 2002)
ConclusionIn the surveillance for malformations among newborn infants, the inclusion of malformed fetuses from elective terminations had a significant effect on the number of infants with the more severe malformations identified. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology - March 31, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Emma G. Thomas, M. Hassan Toufaily, Marie‐Noel Westgate, Anne‐Therese Hunt, Angela E. Lin, Lewis B. Holmes Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Case–control study of nutritional and environmental factors and the risk of oral clefts in Thailand
ConclusionOur findings add to a growing body of knowledge of environmental risk factors for oral clefts from low‐ and middle‐income countries. Our findings on liver are contradictory to prior results. Large multisite studies are needed to identify environmental and genetic risk factors for oral clefts. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology - March 31, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Christy M. McKinney, Araya Pisek, Chowchuen Bowornsilp, Timothy DeRouen, Benja Muktabhant, Suteera Pradubwong, Cathy Yeung, Waranuch Pitiphat Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Spinal lipoma as a dysembryogenetic anomaly: Four unusual cases of ectopic iliac rib within the spinal lipoma
ConclusionWe expand the clinical spectrum of fibrocartilaginous anomalies associated with spinal lipoma, suggesting the presence of an ectopic rib as a new possible phenotype in NTDs. A careful analysis by neuroradiologists and pathologists should be performed in spinal lipomas to assess the presence of an ectopic rib or other uncommon developmental anomalies. Furthermore, molecular studies are required to detect the genetic cause of this unusual phenotype. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology - March 31, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Andrea Accogli, Marco Pavanello, Patrizia Accorsi, Patrizia De Marco, Elisa Merello, Mattia Pacetti, Paolo Nozza, Chiara Fiorillo, Lorenzo Pinelli, Armando Cama, Andrea Rossi, Martin Catala, Valeria Capra Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Maternal exposure to radiographic exams and major structural birth defects
ConclusionThese results should be interpreted cautiously because multiple statistical tests were conducted and measurements of exposure were based on maternal report. However, our results may be useful for generating hypotheses for future studies. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology - March 21, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Hyeyeun Lim, Charles W. Beasley, Lawrence W. Whitehead, Robert J. Emery, A.J. Agopian, Peter H. Langlois, Dorothy K. Waller, Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Issue Information
(Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology)
Source: Birth Defects Research Part A: Clinical and Molecular Teratology - March 17, 2016 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research