Platelet-localized FXI promotes a glycoprotein Ibα dependent feedback loop in arterial hypertension and vascular inflammation
Background: Interactions of platelets, leukocytes and the vessel wall play pivotal roles in activating coagulation and precipitating thrombosis. High levels of angiotensin II (ATII) cause arterial hypertension by a complex inflammatory pathway requiring leukocyte recruitment and reactive oxygen species production within the vessel wall. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jeremy Lagrange, Sabine Kossmann, Moritz Ehlken, Brett Monia, Wolfram Ruf, Philip Wenzel Source Type: research
Pulse pressure in relation to 24-hour urinary sodium excretion in a sample of high-salt intake population
Objectives: In recent years, many studies emphasized the role of arterial rigidity in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Pulse pressure in an easy-obtained, reproducible marker of arterial stiffness and an independent cardiovascular risk factor. On the other hand it was observed that sodium restriction could improve large elastic artery compliance. The aim of the study was to investigate the relation between salt intake and pulse pressure in high salt intake population. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Adam Bednarski, Katarzyna Stolarz-Skrzypek, Grzegorz Kielbasa, Agata Franczyk, Malgorzata Kloch-Badelek, Kalina Kawecka-Jaszcz, Danuta Czarnecka Source Type: research
Soluble IL-6 receptor concentrations are associated with augmentation index in healthy young males
Background: Augmentation Index (AIx) is considered a sensitive marker of arterial stiffness in young individuals. Increased levels of inflammatory markers such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) are associated with increased levels of arterial stiffness in older and diseased populations. However, little is known about these associations in young healthy individuals, as concentrations are prone to fluctuation. Data suggests that increased levels of the soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) facilitate the detrimental pro-inflammatory signalling of IL-6, which may highlight sIL-6R’s role as a mediator of chronic inflammation and associated d...
Source: Artery Research - November 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Matthew Armstrong, Cat Singh, Laura Watkeys, Linnet Thekkemuriyil, Jordan Tucker, Zoe Marshall, Richard Webb, Barry McDonnell Source Type: research
In idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension arterial narrowing is limited and heterogeneous
Rationale: In severe idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, iPAH, pulmonary vascular resistance is increased due to remodeling of the small (resistance) arteries. Most information on arterial remodeling is limited to assessments of averaged increases in wall thickness. Quantitative information on the number of arteries affected and their internal diameter decrease in relation to vessel size is limited. Our objective was therefore to quantify numbers of affected small arteries and their internal diameter decrease for the differently sized vessels. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nina Rol, Esther Timmer, Theo Faes, Harm Jan Bogaard, Anton Vonk Noordegraaf, Katrien Grünberg, Nico Westerhof Source Type: research
Changes in pulse wave velocity alone cannot predict the pulse pressure increase with age
Recently Weber et al. invasively obtained aortic Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) as a function of age. [1] Systolic and diastolic aortic pressure were determined as well. PWV can be used to derive total arterial compliance, Ctot, as Ctot=k/PWV2. With Ctot and Stroke Volume (SV), aortic Pulse Pressure (PP) can be approximated from Ctot=SV/PP. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Berend Westerhof, Thomas Weber, Siegfried Wassertheurer, Bernhard Hametner, Nico Westerhof Source Type: research
Analysis of left ventricular filling dynamics
Diastolic filling of the left ventricle (LV) occurs in two phases, early and late filling. Early filling, manifest as the “E-wave”, is thought to be substantially due to diastolic suction (DS), a phenomenon where the LV aspirates blood and fills itself, independent of atrial activity. Late filling, resulting in the mitral flow “A-wave” is a result of left atrial contraction. Adequate filling of the LV is necessary to maintain normal heart function at rest and under stress. DS is thought to be an important mechanism in the efficiency of filling. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Lindsay Burrowes, Alessandro Satriano, Richard Thompson, Nigel Shrive, John Tyberg Source Type: research
Conditional inactivation of integrin av subunit in vascular smooth muscle cells regulates fibrosis in vessels
Integrin avb3 is expressed at high density in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). It functions as a receptor for adhesion proteins in VSMCs which phenotypic modulation plays a pivotal role in arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ekaterina Belozertseva, Melusine Didelot, Amel Mohamadi, Zhenlin Li, Huguette Louis, Jean-Baptiste Michel, Véronique Regnault, Patrick Lacolley Source Type: research
The ventricle's prominent role in pressure amplification; an incremental experimental study
Despite central pressure's predictive power of cardiovascular risk, brachial pressure is the clinical standard. However, amplified brachial systolic pressure varies significantly with age, and during therapy. Our aim was to modulate individual arterial and ventricular parameters in an experimental model of the cardiovascular system, to quantify each parameter's contribution to arterial pressure and its amplification. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nicholas Gaddum, Jordi Alastruey, Tobias Schaeffter, Phil Chowienczyk Source Type: research
Aging and structural alterations of subcutaneous small resistance arteries in hypertensive patients
Background: It was proposed that early vascular ageing may be an important mechanism of vascular damage in large conductance arteries. However it is not known whether aging may also affect small resistance artery morphology. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Carolina De Ciuceis, Claudia Rossini, Claudia Agabiti Rosei, Enzo Porteri, Alice Gavazzi, Stefano Caletti, Paola Pileri, Maria Antonietta Coschignano, Enrico Agabiti Rosei, Damiano Rizzoni Source Type: research
Resistant hypertension and structural alterations of subcutaneous small resistance arteries
Background: It is was suggested that, in resistant hypertension, the presence of particularly pronounced microvascular alterations may contribute to explain the relative lack of response to treatment. Similarly, in diabetic patients, the persistence of an altered microvascular structure, despite the administration of multiple drug combination treatment, might partly explain the difficulty to reach target blood pressure values, especially for systolic blood pressure. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Claudia Agabiti Rosei, Carolina De Ciuceis, Claudia Rossini, Maria Lorenza Muiesan, Massimo Salvetti, Enzo Porteri, Alice Gavazzi, Anna Paini, Stefano Caletti, Maria Antonietta Coschignano, Paola Pileri, Enrico Agabiti Rosei, Damiano Rizzoni Source Type: research
The influence of antihypertensive treatment on arterial stiffness, shear stress and activity of chosen matrix metalloproteinases
Objective: Comparison of therapeuthic effects of chosen antihypertensive drugs on arterial stiffness, shear stress in carotid arteries and metalloproteinases activity, moreover analysis of relationship of these variables in the course of treatment. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Tomasz Pizon, Marek Rajzer, Marta Rojek, Danuta Czarnecka Source Type: research
Sex-dependent differences in obesity indices and inflammatory markers in non-diabetic obese patients
Background: The aim of the study was to asses sex-dependent differences of obesity indices and inflammatory markers in non-diabetic hypertensive obese patients. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Mariusz Stępień, Anna Stępień, Rafał N. Wlazeł, Marek Paradowski, Maciej Banach, Jacek Rysz Source Type: research
PWV is an independent determinant of cognitive dysfunction in CKD patients
Objectives: In the general population aortic stiffening assessed by carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) is associated with cognitive dysfunction (CO/DY). Data in chronic kidney disease (CKD) are limited. Our study tests the hypothesis that large artery stiffness and microvascular damage in CKD patients are related to brain microcirculation changes reflected by impaired cognitive function. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Despina Karasavvidou, Dimitrios Stagikas, Kosmas Pappas, Stylianos Lampropoulos, Cristos katsinas, Rigas kalaitzidis Source Type: research
Amelioration of cognitive function in hemodialysis patients in absent of hypotensives episodes
Objective: Patients in hemodialysis frequently have cognitive dysfunction (CO/DY). Hemodialysis session often results in acute intravascular volume loss, fluid shifts, hypotensives episodes, decrease of cerebral perfusion and cerebral ischemia, all of which may cause transient deterioration of cognitive function. On the contrary, improvement in “uremic milieu” after a dialysis session can result in improved cognition. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of a single, random hemodialysis session on cognitive function, in absent of hypotensive episodes. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Despina Karasavvidou, Eleni Triantafilidou, Dimitrios Valoukas, Dimitrios Makridis, Sygliti-Errieta Pelidou, Cristos katsinas Source Type: research
A novel speckle tracking technique for investigating regional motion of the carotid wall: Spatio-temporal variation in distension associates with presence of calcified plaque
The objective of this study was to use a novel speckle tracking method to investigate regional motion of the carotid wall and to determine whether this relates to subclinical disease. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 24, 2015 Category: Cardiology Authors: Benyu Jiang, Jing Wang, Tim Spector, Phil Philip J. Chowienczyk Source Type: research
