Non-invasive evaluation of end systolic left ventricular elastane according to pressure-volume curve modelling during ejection in arterial hypertension
Objective: Non invasive methods have been proposed to assess end systolic left ventricular (LV) elastance (Ees), but clinical application remains complex. The aim of the present study was to 1) estimate Ees according to modeling of LV pressure-volume (P-V) curve during ejection and validate our method with existing published LV P-V loop data 2) test clinical applicability to detect a difference in Ees between normotensive and hypertensive subjects. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Benjamin Bonnet, Frank Jourdan, Guilhem du Cailar, Pierre Fesler Source Type: research
Reducing arterial stiffness independently of BP: Proof of concept? CAVI, PWV and cardiac data in the 6-month VaSera trial
Purpose/ background/ objectives: People with or at risk of Type II diabetes (T2DM) are at increased risk of vascular disease and arterial stiffness (AS). We hypothesized that spironolactone and dietary nitrate (beetroot juice) separately and together would reduce AS, measured as cardiac-ankle vascular index (CAVI Fukuda Denshi, Japan mainly BP-independent) or aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV). (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Charlotte Mills, Luca Faconti, Virginia Govoni, Steve Morant, Maria-Linda Casagrande, Haotian Gu, Benyu Jiang, Andrew Webb, Kennedy Cruickshank Source Type: research
Variability in mean arterial pressure and diastolic blood pressure from central to peripheral large arteries: relevance to arterial physiology and estimated central blood pressure
Background: Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) are thought to consistently decline approximately 1-3 mmHg from the aorta to peripheral large arteries, thus providing a small pressure gradient to aid blood flow. The magnitude of this gradient is important for correct waveform calibration and central BP estimation. However, there is little invasive data determining the variability in MAP and DBP from central to peripheral arteries, which was the goal of this study. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Martin Schultz, Dean Picone, Xiaoqing Peng, Andrew Black, Nathan Dwyer, Phillip Roberts-Thomson, James Sharman Source Type: research
Discovery of a new blood pressure phenotype from invasive central-to-peripheral recordings: implications for brachial cuff accuracy and cardiovascular risk assessment
Background: Accuracy of brachial cuff blood pressure (BP) may be influenced by individual variability in central-to-peripheral systolic BP (SBP)-amplification, but this has never been determined. We aimed to achieve this by characterising SBP-amplification phenotypes and examining associations with cuff BP accuracy. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dean Picone, Martin Schultz, Xiaoqing Peng, Andrew Black, Nathan Dwyer, Phil Roberts-Thomson, Velandai Srikanth, James Sharman Source Type: research
Wave intensity analysis provides novel insights into pulmonary hypertension
The objective of the study was to apply wave intensity analysis (WIA) in the pulmonary artery to characterise the magnitude, origin, type and timing of arterial waves in individuals with and without pulmonary hypertension (PH). (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Junjing Su, Charlotte Manisty, Kim H. Parker, Soren Mellemkjaer, Luke Howard, Ulf Simonsen, Alun Hughes Source Type: research
Non-invasive us-based wave intensity analysis in mice
Wave Intensity Analysis (WIA) can provide information about the interaction between vascular and cardiac system. WIA-derived indexes have quantitative physiological meaning. We investigated age-associated changes in WIA-derived parameters in mice and correlated them with biomarkers of cardiac function. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Nicole Di Lascio, Claudia Kusmic, Francesco Stea, Francesca Lenzarini, Francesco Faita Source Type: research
Longitudinal changes in aortic reservoir function independently predict declining renal function among healthy individuals
Objectives: Aortic reservoir function independently predicts end organ damage in cross sectional analyses. However, longitudinal associations are more important regarding causation, but this has never been examined and was the goal of this study. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Rachel Climie, Dean Picone, James Sharman Source Type: research
Arterial stiffness for the early prediction of pre-eclampsia compared with clinical characteristics, uterine artery Doppler indices, and angiogenic biomarkers
Objective: To develop a model for the 1st trimester prediction of pre-eclampsia. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kim Phan, Yessica Haydee Gomez, Jessica Gorgui, Amira El-Messidi, Robert Gagnon, Stella Daskalopoulou Source Type: research
Can arterial wave augmentation in young adults explain variability of cardiovascular risk in ethnic minorities?
Objective: Traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors do not fully explain ethnic differences in CV disease [1,2]. We tested if pulse wave velocity (PWV) and Augmentation Index (AIx) and their determinants from childhood may underlie ethnic variability in CV risk as young adults in the ‘DASH’ longitudinal study. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Luca Faconti Source Type: research
Associations of blood pressure throughout childhood with left ventricle mass in adolescence
Background: High blood pressure (BP) is a major risk factor for elevated LV mass (LVM) in adults. Evidence suggests that BP tracks from childhood into adolescence and adulthood, however findings on the association between childhood BP and LVM are inconsistent and the temporal relationship between BP in childhood and elevated LVM in adolescence is unknown. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chloe Park, Nish Chaturvedi, Alun Hughes Source Type: research
TNF- antagonists improve arterial stiffness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis
Purpose/Background/Objectives: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have a higher arterial stiffness than their age-matched healthy counterparts and an increased inflammatory burden that might be associated with their increased cardiovascular risk. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF)-antagonists have been found to reduce inflammatory markers in RA however it is debatable if they have favorable effects on surrogate markers of cardiovascular outcomes. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the effect of TNF-antagonists on arterial stiffness, a predictor of cardiovascular events and mortality, in RA patients. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Georgios Georgiopoulos, Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios, Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Athanasios Gravos, Panagiota Pietri, Christos Georgakopoulos, Kimon Stamatelopoulos, Dimitrios Tousoulis Source Type: research
Withdrawal of statins therapy in patients after carotid endarterectomy associated with increasing risk of significant restenosis
Background: The benefit of carotid revascularization is decreased by the occurrence of restenosis at the site of surgery, which is associated with a modestly increased risk of stroke. Preventing restenosis plays pivotal role in the overall treatment and prevention of stroke in patients with carotid artery disease. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Olga Tereshina, Alexcey Vachev Source Type: research
Electronic cigarette smoking increases aortic stiffness in young smokers
Purpose/Background/Objectives: Smoking increases aortic stiffness which is an important predictor of cardiovascular risk. Electronic cigarettes (EC) simulate tobacco cigarette (TC) and have been advocated as a less harmful alternative. We investigated the acute effect of EC smoking on aortic stiffness compared to the effect of TC smoking. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios, Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Nikolaos Ioakeimidis, Mahmud Abdelrasoul, Christos Georgakopoulos, Panagiota Pietri, Christodoulos Stefanadis, Dimitrios Tousoulis Source Type: research
Arterial phenotype modulation and regulation of vascular fibrosis in mice by conditional inactivation of integrin av subunit in vascular smooth muscle cells
Integrin αv functions as a receptor for adhesion proteins and is expressed at high density in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC)1,2,3,4,5 whose phenotypic modulation plays a crucial role in arterial ageing and atherosclerosis.6,7. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Ekaterina Belozertseva, Huguette Louis, Zhenlin Li, Mustapha Bourhim, Dominique Dumas, Veronique Regnault, Patrick Lacolley Source Type: research
U-shaped relationship of reservoir pressure to cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Objectives: Parameters of aortic stiffness are considered important indicators of cardiovascular risk. However, in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), their association to outcome was found to be inversed. The aim of this work was to analyze the relationship of the amplitude of reservoir pressure (PresAmp) to cardiovascular events in HFrEF. (Source: Artery Research)
Source: Artery Research - November 25, 2016 Category: Cardiology Authors: Stephanie Parragh, Bernhard Hametner, Christopher Mayer, Siegfried Wassertheurer, Thomas Weber Source Type: research
