Selection and identification of specific glycoproteins and glycan biomarkers of macrophages involved in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
Macrophages are the primary host target cells of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). However, little is known about the changes of membrane glycopatterns of macrophages in response to M. tb infection. Using lectin microarrays we compared the differential expression of glycopatterns of macrophages upon stimulation with the heat-inactivated virulent M.tb H37Rv or attenuate M.tb H37Ra. We found that widespread alteration of macrophage membrane glycopatterns were induced by the heat-inactivated virulent M. (Source: Tuberculosis)
Source: Tuberculosis - March 29, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Xiao-Lei Tang, Chun-Hui Yuan, Quanquan Ding, Yidan Zhou, Qin Pan, Xiao-Lian Zhang Source Type: research
Toll-like receptor (TLR) diversity influences mycobacterial growth in African buffalo
Understanding the role of wildlife in the maintenance or spread of emerging infectious diseases is a growing priority across the world. Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is a chronic, infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis). BTB is widespread within game reserves in southern Africa, and within these ecosystems the primary wildlife host of this disease is the African buffalo. We used a modified bacterial killing assay for mycobacteria to investigate the effect of Toll-like receptor (TLR) genetic diversity and demographic parameters on the ability of African buffalo to restrict mycobacterial growth. (Source: Tuberculosis)
Source: Tuberculosis - March 29, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Nikki le Roex, Anna Jolles, Brianna Beechler, Paul van Helden, Eileen Hoal Source Type: research
A novel automatic molecular test for detection of multidrug resistance tuberculosis in sputum specimen: A case control study
This study was conducted with aims to know the performance of this assay. Sputum sample from 224 TB suspects was collected from tuberculosis suspects seeking medical care at Beijing Chest hospital. The sputum samples were directly used for smear and ML TB test. The left sputum sample was used to conduct Xpert MTB/RIF, Bactec MGIT culture and drug susceptibility test (DST). (Source: Tuberculosis)
Source: Tuberculosis - March 29, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Qiang Li, Xi C. Ou, Yu Pang, Hui Xia, Hai R. Huang, Bing Zhao, Sheng F. Wang, Yan L. Zhao Source Type: research
Analysis of transcription factors, microRNAs and cytokines involved in T lymphocyte differentiation in patients with tuberculosis after directly observed treatment short-course
Tuberculosis (Tb) is an infectious disease in which the immune system plays an important role. MicroRNAs are involved in the development and maintenance of CD4 + T lymphocyte subpopulations. miR-326 regulates the differentiation to Th17 cells and miR-29 correlates with the Th1 response. The aim of this study was to determine the role of microRNAs, Transcription Factors, and cytokines in Th differentiation before and after the directly observed treatmen t short-course (DOTS). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells and serum from Tb patients were collected at times 0 (before therapy), 2 (after the intensive phase), and 6 mon...
Source: Tuberculosis - March 28, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Nancy Elizabeth Corral-Fern ández, Juan Diego Cortes-García, Bruno Santiago-Rivas, Silvia Romano-Moreno, Susanna E. Medellín-Garibay, Martín Magaña-Aquino, R. Salazar-González, Roberto González-Amaro, Diana Patricia Portales-Pérez Source Type: research
Prevalence of Beijing and Haarlem genotypes among multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Iran: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Antimicrobial drug resistance creates major problems in the control of tuberculosis (TB). Beijing and Haarlem genotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are the prevalent genotypes responsible for multidrug resistant (MDR) TB worldwide. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review using meta-analysis to indicate the prevalence of Beijing and Haarlem genotypes among MDR-TB cases in Iran. Data sources of current study were 311 original articles (2006 –2016) that were searched in several databases including Medline, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane library, and Iranian databases. (Source: Tuberculosis)
Source: Tuberculosis - March 24, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Samira Tarashi, Abolfazl Fateh, Fatemeh Rahimi Jamnani, Seyed Davar Siadat, Farzam Vaziri Tags: Review Source Type: research
Prevalence of Beijing and Haarlem genotypes among multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Iran: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Antimicrobial drug resistant is a serious problem that creates major problems in control of tuberculosis. Beijing and Haarlem genotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are the prevalent genotypes responsible for multidrug resistant (MDR) tuberculosis worldwide. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review using meta-analysis to indicate the prevalence of Beijing and Haarlem genotypes among MDR-TB cases in Iran. Data sources of current study were 311 original articles (2006 –2016) that were searched in several databases including Medline, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane library and Iranian databases. (Source: Tuberculosis)
Source: Tuberculosis - March 24, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Samira Tarashi, Abolfazl Fateh, Fatemeh Rahimi Jamnani, Seyed Davar Siadat, Farzam Vaziri Tags: Review Source Type: research
Selection, characterization, and application of DNA aptamers for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis secreted protein MPT64
Rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), an etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB), is important for global control of this disease. Aptamers have emerged as a potential rival for antibodies in therapeutics, diagnostics and biosensing due to their inherent characteristics. The aim of the current study was to select and characterize single-stranded DNA aptamers against MPT64 protein, one of the predominant secreted proteins of Mtb pathogen. Aptamers specific to MPT64 protein were selected in vitro using systematic evolution of ligands through exponential enrichment (SELEX) method. (Source: Tuberculosis)
Source: Tuberculosis - March 17, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Marzhan Sypabekova, Aliya Bekmurzayeva, Ronghui Wang, Yanbin Li, Claude Nogues, Damira Kanayeva Source Type: research
Clinical evaluation of the Abbott RealTime MTB Assay for direct detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-complex from respiratory and non-respiratory samples
Rapid and reliable diagnosis is crucial for correct management of tuberculosis. The Abbott RealTime MTB Assay represents a novel qualitative real-time PCR assay for direct detection of M. tuberculosis-complex (MTB) DNA from respiratory samples. The test targets two highly conserved sequences, the multi-copy insertion element IS6110 and the protein antigen B (PAB) gene of MTB, allowing even the detection of IS6610-deficient strains. We evaluated this commercial diagnostic test by analyzing 200 respiratory and, for the first time, 87 non-respiratory clinical specimens from our tertiary care institution and compared its resul...
Source: Tuberculosis - March 3, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Vladimira Hini ć, Kinga Feuz, Selda Turan, Andrea Berini, Reno Frei, Karin Pfeifer, Daniel Goldenberger Source Type: research
Revisiting the Hunter Gaston discriminatory index: Note of caution and courses of change
Hunter Gaston Discriminatory Index (HGDI) is a widely used estimator of discriminatory power of genotyping methods and diversity of molecular markers in bacterial pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In my opinion, the index is somewhat misleading: a closer look at common practice and particular studies reveals that values in the range of 0.6 –0.9 are modest but uncritically perceived as high. I propose and discuss three courses of change: (i) to continue using HGDI but be aware of the true meaning behind its value and increase a threshold of acceptable resolution to the more adequate values of 0.90–0.99, d...
Source: Tuberculosis - February 15, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Igor Mokrousov Source Type: research
The diacylglycerol acyltransferase Rv3371 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is required for growth arrest and involved in stress-induced cell wall alterations
We report that one of these genes, Rv3371, specific to pathogenic mycobacteria, when expressed in M. smegmatis leads to modifications in colony morphotype, bacterial architecture, cell surface properties and elevated TAG levels. Rv3371 was found to largely localize in the cell membrane. The Rv3371 promoter is minimally active during exponential growth in vitro, however, is up-regulated under stationary phase, hypoxia, nutrient starvation, nitrosative stress, low iron, in IFN- γ activated macrophages and infected mice. (Source: Tuberculosis)
Source: Tuberculosis - February 12, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Shivangi Rastogi, Amit Kumar Singh, Gyan Chandra, Pragati Kushwaha, Garima Pant, Kavita Singh, Kalyan Mitra, Koneni V. Sashidhara, Manju Y. Krishnan Source Type: research
Recurrent tuberculosis in an urban area in China: Relapse or exogenous reinfection?
Recurrent tuberculosis is an important indicator of the effectiveness of tuberculosis control and can occur by relapse or exogenous reinfection. We conducted a retrospective cohort study on all bacteriologically confirmed tuberculosis cases that were successfully treated between 2000 and 2012 in Shanghai, an urban area with a high number but a low prevalence rate of tuberculosis cases and a low prevalence of HIV infection. Genotyping the Mycobacterium tuberculosis from clinical isolates was used to distinguish between relapse and reinfection. (Source: Tuberculosis)
Source: Tuberculosis - January 29, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Xin Shen, Chongguang Yang, Jie Wu, Senlin Lin, Xu Gao, Zheyuan Wu, Jiyun Tian, Mingyu Gan, Tao Luo, Lili Wang, Chenlei Yu, Jian Mei, Qichao Pan, Kathryn DeRiemer, ZhengAn Yuan, Qian Gao Source Type: research
The effect size of type 2 diabetes mellitus on tuberculosis drug resistance and adverse treatment outcomes
To evaluate the effect size of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes and multi drug resistance (MDR). (Source: Tuberculosis)
Source: Tuberculosis - January 23, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Lucia Monserrat Perez-Navarro, Blanca I. Restrepo, Francisco Javier Fuentes-Dominguez, Ravinandrah Duggirala, Jaime Morales-Romero, Juan Carlos L ópez-Alvarenga, Iñaki Comas, Roberto Zenteno-Cuevas Source Type: research
Machine learning and docking models for Mycobacterium tuberculosis topoisomerase I
There is a shortage of compounds that are directed towards new targets apart from those targeted by the FDA approved drugs used against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Topoisomerase I (Mttopo I) is an essential mycobacterial enzyme and a promising target in this regard. However, it suffers from a shortage of known inhibitors. We have previously used computational approaches such as homology modeling and docking to propose 38 FDA approved drugs for testing and identified several active molecules. To follow on from this, we now describe the in vitro testing of a library of 639 compounds. (Source: Tuberculosis)
Source: Tuberculosis - January 19, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sean Ekins, Adwait Anand Godbole, Gy örgy Kéri, Lászlo Orfi, János Pato, Rajeshwari Subray Bhat, Rinkee Verma, Erin K. Bradley, Valakunja Nagaraja Source Type: research
MSMEG_5684 down-regulation in Mycobacterium smegmatis affects its permeability, survival under stress and persistence
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) genome sequence and annotation details have been available for a long time; however physiological relevance of many ORFs remains poorly described. Mtb is a pathogenic strain; hence, surrogate strains such as Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Mycobacterium smegmatis (Msmeg) have also been studied to gain an understanding of mycobacterial physiology and metabolism. The Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2 155 ORF MSMEG_5684 is annotated as a part of serine biosynthetic pathway, however, its physiological significance remains to be established experimentally. (Source: Tuberculosis)
Source: Tuberculosis - January 17, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Deepa Keshari, Kumar Sachin Singh, Rishabh Sharma, Shailendra Yadav, Sudheer Kumar Singh Source Type: research
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv1474c is a TetR-like transcriptional repressor that regulates aconitase, an essential enzyme and RNA-binding protein, in an iron-responsive manner
In this study, we identified Rv1474c as a TetR-like repressor of its operonic partner acn and carried out its biochemical and functional characterization. The binding motif for Rv1474c in the upstream region of acn (Rv1475c)-Rv1474c operon was verified by gel-shift assays. (Source: Tuberculosis)
Source: Tuberculosis - January 16, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kannan Balakrishnan, Krishnaveni Mohareer, Sharmistha Banerjee Source Type: research
