Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Gonadal function protects against organ culture-induced vascular damage. Involvement of prostanoids
Publication date: Available online 13 January 2020Source: Prostaglandins & Other Lipid MediatorsAuthor(s): Diva M. Villalpando, Juan Gómez Rivas, Daniel Flynn, Fermín R. de Bethencourt, Mercedes FerrerAbstractAndrogen deprivation induces vascular dysfunction in which altered release and action of prostanoids has been extensively studied. On the other hand, the vascular organ-culture system has been reported as a valid model for phenotypic changes that occur in several cardiovascular pathologies. Since there are no studies analyzing the impact of androgenic loss on vascular vulnerability during induced vascular damage, th...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - January 14, 2020 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Prostaglandin E2 as a Therapeutic Target in Bladder Cancer: From Basic Science to Clinical Trials
Publication date: Available online 10 January 2020Source: Prostaglandins & Other Lipid MediatorsAuthor(s): Benjamin L. Woolbright, Carol C. Pilbeam, John A. TaylorAbstractBladder cancer (BCa) is a common solid tumor marked by high rates of recurrence, especially in non-muscle invasive disease. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a ubiquitously present lipid mediator responsible for numerous physiological actions. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes by the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) class of drugs results in reduced PGE2 levels. NSAID usage has been associated with reductions in cancers such as BCa. Clinical tria...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - January 11, 2020 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Seasonal expressions of prostaglandin E synthases and receptors in the prostate of the wild ground squirrel (Spermophilus dauricus)
In this study, we investigated the seasonal immunolocalizations and expressions of COX-1, COX-2 and PTGES, as well as PGE2 receptors (PTGERs) subtypes 1-4 (EP1, EP2, EP3, EP4) in the prostate of the wild ground squirrel. Histological examination observed enlarged prostatic lumens in the breeding season and significantly shrunken lumens in the nonbreeding season. COX-1, COX-2, PTGES and PTGERs were mainly localized in epithelial and stromal cells in the breeding and nonbreeding seasons. The mRNA expression levels of Cox-1, Cox-2, Ptges, Ptger2 (encoding EP2) and Ptger4 (encoding EP4) were higher in the prostate of the breed...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - January 10, 2020 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Assessment of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Activity In Vivo: A Metabolomic Approach
Publication date: Available online 10 January 2020Source: Prostaglandins & Other Lipid MediatorsAuthor(s): Darko Stefanovski, Pei-an Betty Shih, Bruce D. Hammock, Richard M. Watanabe, Jang H. YounAbstractSoluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) converts several FFA epoxides to corresponding diols. As many as 15 FFA epoxide-diol ratios are measured to infer sEH activity from their ratios. Using previous data, we assessed if individual epoxide-diol ratios all behave similarly to reflect changes in sEH activity, and whether analyzing these ratios together increases the power to detect changes in in-vivo sEH activity. We demonstrated t...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - January 10, 2020 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
The Chemistry, Biology and Pharmacology of the Cyclopentenone Prostaglandins
Publication date: Available online 10 January 2020Source: Prostaglandins & Other Lipid MediatorsAuthor(s): Sumner H. BursteinAbstractThe cyclopentenone prostaglandins (CyPGs) are a small group compounds that are a subset of the eicosanoid superfamily, which are metabolites of arachidonic acid as well as other polyunsaturated fatty acids. The CyPGs are defined by a structural feature, namely, a five-membered carbocyclic ring containing an alfa-beta unsaturated keto group. The two most studied members are PGA2 and 15d-PGJ2 (15-deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2); other less studied members are PGA1, Δ12-PGJ2, and PGJ2. They are...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - January 10, 2020 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Role of cytochrome P450-derived, polyunsaturated fatty acid mediators in diabetes and the metabolic syndrome
Publication date: Available online 31 December 2019Source: Prostaglandins & Other Lipid MediatorsAuthor(s): Laila R.B. dos Santos, Ingrid FlemingAbstractOver the last decade, cases of metabolic syndrome and type II diabetes have increased exponentially. Exercise and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-enriched diets are usually prescribed but no therapy is effectively able to restore the impaired glucose metabolism, hypertension, and atherogenic dyslipidemia encountered by diabetic patients. PUFAs are metabolized by different enzymes into bioactive metabolites with anti- or pro-inflammatory activity. One important class...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - January 1, 2020 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Cd36 gene expression in adipose and hepatic tissue mediates the lipids accumulation in liver of obese rats with sucrose-induced hepatic steatosis
Publication date: Available online 12 December 2019Source: Prostaglandins & Other Lipid MediatorsAuthor(s): Rodolfo Quintana Castro, Isaac Aguirre Maldonado, Ida Soto Rodríguez, Rosa A. Deschamps Lago, Peter Grube Pagola, Yolanda K. Urbina de Larrea, Victoria E. Juárez Rivera, Luis E. Ramos Manuel, Alfonso Alexander AguileraAbstractObesity is considered a global epidemic and is mainly associated with the development of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFLD). The pathogenesis between obesity and hepatic steatosis is partially known, but could involve differentiated or tissue-specific parti...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - December 13, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Urinary Prostaglandin E2 is a biomarker of early adaptive hyperfiltration in solitary functioning kidney
ConclusionIncreased urinary PGE2 from elevated SNGFR and consequently increased FFSS during early stage of CKD precedes overt microalbuminuria and is a biomarker for early hyperfiltration-induced injury in individuals with SFK. (Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators)
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - December 13, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
CYP-derived eicosanoids: Implications for rheumatoid arthritis
Publication date: Available online 13 December 2019Source: Prostaglandins & Other Lipid MediatorsAuthor(s): Malvina Hoxha, Bruno ZappacostaAbstractToday the role of cytochrome P450 metabolites in inflammatory rheumatic disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is still poorly understood. In this review we survey the current knowledge on cytochrome P450 metabolites in rheumatoid arthritis. The balance between CYP epoxygenase- and CYP ω- hydroxylase is correlated to the regulation of NF-κB. In RA patients synovial fluid there are higher levels of IL-6, which suppresses activities of CYP enzymes, such as CYP3A, CYP2C19, CY...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - December 13, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Oral Resolvin D1 attenuates early inflammation but not intimal hyperplasia in a rat carotid angioplasty model
Publication date: Available online 10 December 2019Source: Prostaglandins & Other Lipid MediatorsAuthor(s): Giorgio Mottola, Evan Werlin, Bian Wu, Mian Chen, Anuran Chatterjee, Melinda Schaller, Michael S. ConteAbstractInflammation ensuing from vascular injury promotes intimal hyperplasia (IH) and restenosis. Resolvin D1 (RvD1) is a lipid mediator that attenuates IH in vivo when delivered locally to the vessel wall in animal models. We tested the hypothesis that peri-procedural oral administration of RvD1 could blunt the local inflammatory response to angioplasty, and attenuate downstream IH. Carotid angioplasty was perfor...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - December 11, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Rubusoside-assisted solubilization of poorly soluble C6-Ceramide for a pilot pharmacokinetic study
In this study we explored the use of a natural compound rubusoside (RUB) as a solubilizer to enhance the solubility of a fluorescence-labeled C6-Ceramide (NBD C6-Ceramide) and to characterize its pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution in an animal model. RUB significantly enhanced the solubility of NBD C6-Ceramide by forming nanomicelles, and efficiently delivered NBD C6-Ceramide in rats by oral and intravenous administration. RUB loaded 1.96% of NBD C6-Ceramide in the nanomicelles and solubilized it to a concentration of 3.6 mg/mL in water. NBD C6-Ceramide in nanomicelles remained stable in aqueous solutions, allowing...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - December 11, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Cytochrome P450 derived epoxidized fatty acids as a therapeutic tool against neuroinflammatory diseases
Publication date: April 2020Source: Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators, Volume 147Author(s): Jogen Atone, Karen Wagner, Kenji Hashimoto, Bruce D. HammockAbstractCytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolism of arachidonic acid (ARA) produces epoxy fatty acids (EpFAs) such as epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) that are known to exert protective effects in inflammatory disorders. Endogenous EpFAs are further metabolized into corresponding diols by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Through inhibition of sEH, many studies have demonstrated the cardioprotective and renoprotective effects of EpFAs; however, the role of sEH inhibition in...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - December 6, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Targeting esterified oxylipins by LC–MS - Effect of sample preparation on oxylipin pattern
Publication date: February 2020Source: Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators, Volume 146Author(s): Annika I. Ostermann, Elisabeth Koch, Katharina M. Rund, Laura Kutzner, Malwina Mainka, Nils Helge SchebbAbstractA major part of oxygenated metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids – i.e. eicosanoids and other oxylipins – in biological samples is found in the esterified form. Yet, their biological role is only poorly understood. For quantification of esterified oxylipins in biological samples current protocols mostly apply alkaline hydrolysis with or without prior lipid extraction to release oxylipins into their free fo...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - November 30, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Parasitic load determination by differential expressions of 5-lipoxygenase and PGE2 synthases in visceral leishmaniasis
In this study, we intend to explore linkage between organ specific immune response and eicosanoids. We suggest that eicosanoids (early immune modulators) and their organ specific expressions, possibly tune the outcome of mφ differently at different sites. We have observed that liver showed better containment of parasitic load than spleen, where we have found higher expression of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) enzyme along with IL-12 and iNOS. However, in spleen, enzymes of the PGE2 pathway i.e. PGE2 synthases (cytosolic and microsomal) along with IL-10 were predominantly higher. To further corroborate our findings, in vitro assays...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - November 21, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Cytochrome P450-Derived Eicosanoids and Inflammation in Liver Diseases
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2019Source: Prostaglandins & Other Lipid MediatorsAuthor(s): Sherif M. Shoieb, Mahmoud A. El-Ghiaty, Mohammed A. Alqahtani, Ayman O.S. El-KadiAbstractHepatic inflammation is a key pathologic mediator in a wide array of acute and chronic liver diseases. Hepatitis is a crucial driver of liver tissue damage provoking the progression to severe fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, irrespective of the etiologic cause. Inflammatory liver diseases are collectively considered one of the most critical public health risks. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are superfamily of mon...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - November 14, 2019 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
