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Effect of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid rich fish oil on the endometrial prostaglandin production in the doe (Capra hircus)
In conclusion, dietary supplementation of FO decreased the endometrial production of PGF2α and PGE2 by downregulating the COX-2, cPLA2 and PGFS transcripts in the doe. The findings suggest that n-3 PUFA influence embryo survival by modulating the endometrial PG. (Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators)
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - April 2, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Modulation of oxidative stress response by flaxseed oil: Role of lipid peroxidation and underlying mechanisms
Publication date: March 2018 Source:Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators, Volume 135 Author(s): Rajnish Kumar Yadav, Manjari Singh, Subhadeep Roy, Mohd. Nazam Ansari, Abdulaziz S. Saeedan, Gaurav Kaithwas Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA’s) are majorly classified as ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids. The eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, ω-3:20-5), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, ω-3:22-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, ω-3:18-3) are known ω-3 fatty acids, extracted from animal (e.g fish oil) and plant sources (e.g flaxseed oil). Furthermore, linoleic acid (LA, ω-6:18-2) is recognized as ω-6 fatty acid and the most...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - April 2, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Influence of the selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib on sex differences in blood pressure and albuminuria in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Publication date: March 2018 Source:Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators, Volume 135 Author(s): Ahmed A. Elmarakby, Mohamed Katary, Jennifer S. Pollock, Jennifer C. Sullivan We previously reported that female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) have greater cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in the renal medulla and enhanced urinary excretion of prostaglandin (PG) E2 (PGE2) metabolites compared to male SHR. Based on the role of COX-2-derived prostanoids in the regulation of cardiovascular health, the aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that blood pressure (BP) in female SHR is more sensit...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - April 2, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

COX-2 activity and expression pattern during regenerative wound healing of tail in lizard Hemidactylus flaviviridis
Publication date: March 2018 Source:Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators, Volume 135 Author(s): Pranav R. Buch, Isha Desai, Suresh Balakrishnan Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an important mediator of the immune response. It is found upregulated after pathogen invasion or tissue injury and also in many cancers. Of the lesser known functions of this enzyme is its role in effecting epimorphic regeneration. We have previously shown that COX-2 activity is essential for proper regeneration of tail in lizard Hemidactylus flaviviridis; however, the pattern of its activity and expression during the early stages of regen...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - April 2, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Zileuton alleviates acute cisplatin nephrotoxicity: Inhibition of lipoxygenase pathway favorably modulates the renal oxidative/inflammatory/caspase-3 axis
Conclusions These data establish the first experimental evidence that zileuton abrogates cisplatin nephrotoxicity in rats probably via the inhibition of detrimental actions of 5-LOX products, thus favorably affecting renal oxidative/inflammatory/caspase-3 axis. Based on current findings, the therapeutic prospect of zileuton for this purpose is recommended. Graphical abstract (Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators)
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - April 2, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Novel piperidine-derived amide sEH inhibitors as mediators of lipid metabolism with improved stability
Publication date: Available online 20 March 2018 Source:Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators Author(s): Stevan Pecic, Amir A. Zeki, Xiaoming Xu, Gina Y. Jin, Shuwei Zhang, Sean Kodani, Marlin Halim, Christophe Morisseau, Bruce D. Hammock, Shi-Xian Deng We have previously identified and reported several potent piperidine-derived amide inhibitors of the human soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enzyme. The inhibition of this enzyme leads to elevated levels of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), which are known to possess anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, and anti-fibrotic effects. Herein, we report the synthes...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - April 2, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Activation of the 12/15 lipoxygenase pathway accompanies metabolic decline in db/db pre-diabetic mice
The objective of this study was to characterize the time course of 12LO isoform expression and metabolite production in pancreatic islets and AT of C57BLKS/J-db/db obese diabetic mouse in a pre-diabetic state in order to establish a suitable therapeutic window for intervention with selective lipoxygenase inhibitors. Mice have 2 major 12LO isoforms −the leukocyte type (12/15LO) and the platelet type (p12LO) and both are expressed in islets and AT. We found a sharp increase in protein expression of 12/15LO in the pancreatic islets of 10-week old db-/- mice compared to 8- week old counterparts. Immunohistochemistry showed t...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - April 2, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Arachidonic acid metabolites of CYP4A and CYP4F are altered in women with preeclampsia
In conclusion, metabolism of AA via CYP450 is altered in PE, and increased placental production of 20-HETE may contribute to the pathophysiology of the disease. (Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators)
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - April 2, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Increased epoxyeicosatrienoic acids may be part of a protective mechanism in human ulcerative colitis, with increased CYP2J2 and reduced soluble epoxide hydrolase expression
Conclusion Our data suggest that the increase in EET levels may be part of a protective mechanism in ulcerative colitis. Furthermore, the concentration of EETs could be a key factor for drug therapy for ulcerative colitis. (Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators)
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - April 2, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

The effect of n-3 fatty acids and coenzyme Q10 supplementation on neutrophil leukotrienes, mediators of inflammation resolution and myeloperoxidase in chronic kidney disease
Conclusion n-3 FA supplementation in patients with CKD leads to increased neutrophil release of LTB5 and several SPM, as well as a reduction in plasma MPO that may have important implications for limiting chronic inflammation. (Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators)
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - April 2, 2018 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Iloprost, a prostacyclin analog, inhibits the invasion of ovarian cancer cells by downregulating matrix metallopeptidase-2 (MMP-2) through the IP-dependent pathway
This study investigated the effects of PGI2 on cell growth, migration, and invasion in ovarian cancer cells using iloprost, a stable PGI2 analog. Iloprost significantly inhibited migration and invasion, but not cell growth, in a dose-dependent manner in human ovarian cancer cells (A2780 and SKOV3). Interestingly, the cell surface Gs protein-coupled PGI2 receptor IP was enhanced in human ovarian cancer cells. The inhibitory effect of iloprost on migration and invasion was entirely reversed by an IP antagonist (CAY10449) and IP siRNA, whereas the knockdown of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ), a nuclear ...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - December 30, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

HIF-1 α-L-PGDS-PPARγ regulates hypoxia-induced ANP secretion in beating rat atria
Publication date: Available online 26 December 2017 Source:Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators Author(s): Xiang Li, Ying Zhang, Bo Zhang, Xia Liu, Lan Hong, Li-ping Liu, Cheng-zhe Wu, Xun Cui Lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) play important roles in cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, effects of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) on L-PGDS and PPARγ protein levels and its role in hypoxia-induced atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) secretion are unclear. In perfused beating rat atria, we observed that hypoxia significantly in...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - December 27, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Role of M üller cell cytochrome P450 2c44 in murine retinal angiogenesis
Publication date: November 2017 Source:Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators, Volume 133 Author(s): Jiong Hu, Alexandra Geyer, Sarah Dziumbla, Khader Awwad, Darryl C. Zeldin, Wolf-Hagen Schunck, Rüdiger Popp, Timo Frömel, Ingrid Fleming Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and their cytochrome P450 (CYP450) metabolites have been linked to angiogenesis and vessel homeostasis. However, the role of individual CYP isoforms and their endogenous metabolites in those processes are not clear. Here, we focused on the role of Cyp2c44 in postnatal retinal angiogenesis and report that Cyp2c44 is highly expressed in...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - December 6, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Role of thromboxane A2 signaling in endothelium-dependent contractions of arteries
Publication date: Available online 24 November 2017 Source:Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators Author(s): H. Chen Thromboxane A2 (TxA2) plays a very important role in various cardiovascular diseases through its action on platelet aggregation, vasoconstriction, and proliferation. The present article focuses on the role of TxA2 signaling in endothelium-dependent contractions of arteries. Arachidonic acid (AA) is metabolized by cyclooxygenase (COX) to form the unstable prostaglandin H2 which is further converted into TxA2. After being produced by thromboxane synthase (TxAS), TxA2 ultimately stimulates TxA2/prost...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - November 25, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research

Urinary 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 Levels are Associated with Vascular Inflammation and Prognosis in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Publication date: Available online 16 November 2017 Source:Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators Author(s): Nan Wang, Kimberly C. Vendrov, Brian P. Simmons, Robert N. Schuck, George A. Stouffer, Craig R. Lee Cyclooxygenase-derived thromboxane (TxA2) and prostacyclin (PGI2) regulate atherogenesis in preclinical models. However, the relationship between TxA2 and PGI2 biosynthesis, vascular inflammation, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) progression in humans remains unclear. The association between stable urine metabolites of thromboxane (TxA2-M) and prostacyclin (PGI2-M), circulating levels...
Source: Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators - November 21, 2017 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research