Plant Phospholipases D and C and Their Diverse Functions in Stress Responses
Publication date: Available online 16 January 2016 Source:Progress in Lipid Research Author(s): Yueyun Hong, Jian Zhao, Liang Guo, Sang-Chul Kim, Xianjun Deng, Geliang Wang, Gaoyang Zhang, Maoyin Li, Xuemin Wang Phospholipases D (PLD) and C (PLC) hydrolyze the phosphodiesteric linkages of the head group of membrane phospholipids. PLDs and PLCs in plants occur in different forms: the calcium-dependent phospholipid binding domain-containing PLDs (C2-PLDs), the plekstrin homology and phox homology domain-containing PLDs (PX/PH-PLDs), phosphoinositide-specific PLC (PI-PLC), and non-specific PLC (NPC). The...
Source: Progress in Lipid Research - January 18, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Recent progress on lipid lateral heterogeneity in plasma membranes: from rafts to submicrometric domains
Publication date: Available online 29 December 2015 Source:Progress in Lipid Research Author(s): Mélanie Carquin, Ludovic D’Auria, Hélène Pollet, Ernesto R. Bongarzone, Donatienne Tyteca (Source: Progress in Lipid Research)
Source: Progress in Lipid Research - January 13, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Interaction of α-synuclein with biomembranes in Parkinson's disease —role of cardiolipin
Publication date: January 2016 Source:Progress in Lipid Research, Volume 61 Author(s): Stephanie Ghio, Frits Kamp, Ruben Cauchi, Armin Giese, Neville Vassallo One of the key molecular events underlying the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the aberrant misfolding and aggregation of the α-synuclein (αS) protein into higher-order oligomers that play a key role in neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. A wealth of experimental data supports the hypothesis that the neurotoxicity of αS oligomers is intrinsically linked with their ability to interact with, and disrupt, biological membranes; especially ...
Source: Progress in Lipid Research - January 13, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
The role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in the treatment of major depression and Alzheimer's disease: Acting separately or synergistically?
Publication date: Available online 4 January 2016 Source:Progress in Lipid Research Author(s): Cai Song, Chu-Hsin Shieh, Yi-Shyuan Wu, Allan Kalueff, Siddharth Gaikwad, Kuan-Pin Su Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3-PUFAs), mainly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA), improve or prevent some psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases in both experimental and clinical studies. As important membrane components, these PUFAs benefit brain health by modulating neuroimmune and apoptotic pathways, changing membrane function and/or competing with n-6 PUFAs, the precursors of inflammatory ...
Source: Progress in Lipid Research - January 13, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in chordates: insights into the evolution of Fads and Elovl gene repertoire
Publication date: Available online 6 January 2016 Source:Progress in Lipid Research Author(s): L. Filipe C. Castro, Douglas R. Tocher, Oscar Monroig Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) are major components of complex lipid molecules and are also involved in numerous critical biological processes. Studies conducted mainly in vertebrates have demonstrated that LC-PUFA can be biosynthesized through the concerted action of two sets of enzymes, namely fatty acyl desaturases (Fads) and elongation of very long-chain fatty acid (Elovl) proteins. While LC-PUFA research is a thriving field, mainly focused on h...
Source: Progress in Lipid Research - January 13, 2016 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Unraveling the role of the Target of Rapamycin signaling in sphingolipid metabolism
Publication date: Available online 17 December 2015 Source:Progress in Lipid Research Author(s): Vitor Teixeira, Vítor Costa Sphingolipids are important bioactive molecules that regulate basic aspects of cellular metabolism and physiology, including cell growth, adhesion, migration, senescence, apoptosis, endocytosis and autophagy in yeast and higher eukaryotes. Since they have the ability to modulate the activation of several proteins and signaling pathways, variations in the relative levels of different sphingolipid species result in important changes in overall cellular functions and fate. Sphingolipid metaboli...
Source: Progress in Lipid Research - December 18, 2015 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1C: From cognition to cancer
Publication date: Available online 18 December 2015 Source:Progress in Lipid Research Author(s): Núria Casals, Victor Zammit, Laura Herrero, Rut Fadó, Rosalía Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Dolors Serra Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) C was the last member of the CPT1 family of genes to be discovered. CPT1A and CPT1B were identified as the gate-keeper enzymes for the entry of long-chain fatty acids (as carnitine esters) into mitochondria and their further oxidation, and they show differences in their kinetics and tissue expression. Although CPT1C exhibits high sequence similarity to CPT1A and CPT1B, it i...
Source: Progress in Lipid Research - December 18, 2015 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
The elusive endogenous adipogenic PPARγ agonists: Lining up the suspects
Publication date: Available online 15 December 2015 Source:Progress in Lipid Research Author(s): Philip Hallenborg, Rasmus K. Petersen, Irene Kouskoumvekaki, John W. Newman, Lise Madsen, Karsten Kristiansen The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is the key decisive factor controlling the development of adipocytes. Ligand-mediated activation of PPARγ occurs early during adipogenesis and is thought to prime adipose conversion. Although several fatty acids and their derivatives are known to bind to and activate PPARγ, the identity of the ligand(s) responsible for initiati...
Source: Progress in Lipid Research - December 16, 2015 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Plasma membrane lipids and their role in fungal virulence
Publication date: Available online 15 December 2015 Source:Progress in Lipid Research Author(s): Antonella Rella, Amir M. Farnoud, Maurizio Del Poeta There has been considerable evidence in recent years suggesting that plasma membrane lipids are important regulators of fungal pathogenicity. Various glycolipids have been shown to impart virulent properties in several fungal species, while others have been shown to play a role in host defense. In addition to their role as virulence factors, lipids also contribute to other virulence mechanisms such as drug resistance, biofilm formation, and release of extracellular ...
Source: Progress in Lipid Research - December 16, 2015 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Interaction of α-synuclein with biomembranes in Parkinson's disease – role of cardiolipin
Publication date: Available online 15 December 2015 Source:Progress in Lipid Research Author(s): Stephanie Ghio, Frits Kamp, Ruben Cauchi, Armin Giese, Neville Vassallo One of the key molecular events underlying the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the aberrant misfolding and aggregation of the α-synuclein (αS) protein into higher-order oligomers that play a key role in neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. A wealth of experimental data support the hypothesis that the neurotoxicity of αS oligomers is instrinsically linked with their ability to interact with, and disrupt, biological membranes; e...
Source: Progress in Lipid Research - December 16, 2015 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Control of inflammatory responses by ceramide, sphingosine 1-phosphate and ceramide 1-phosphate
Publication date: Available online 15 December 2015 Source:Progress in Lipid Research Author(s): Antonio Gomez-Muñoz, Natalia Presa, Ana Gomez-Larrauri, Io-Guané Rivera, Miguel Trueba, Marta Ordoñez Inflammation is a network of complex processes involving a variety of metabolic and signaling pathways aiming at healing and repairing damage tissue, or fighting infection. However, inflammation can be detrimental when it becomes out of control. Inflammatory mediators involve cytokines, bioactive lipids and lipid-derived metabolites. In particular, the simple sphingolipids ceramides, sphingosine 1-phosphate, ...
Source: Progress in Lipid Research - December 16, 2015 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Novel advances in shotgun lipidomics for biology and medicine
Publication date: Available online 15 December 2015 Source:Progress in Lipid Research Author(s): Miao Wang, Chunyan Wang, Rowland H. Han, Xianlin Han The field of lipidomics, as coined in 2003, has made profound advances and been rapidly expanded. The mass spectrometry-based strategies of this analytical methodology-oriented research discipline for lipid analysis are largely fallen into three categories: direct infusion-based shotgun lipidomics, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based platforms, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry-based approaches (particularly in imagining l...
Source: Progress in Lipid Research - December 16, 2015 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
Yarrowia lipolytica as a biotechnological chassis to produce usual and unusual fatty acids
Publication date: Available online 15 December 2015 Source:Progress in Lipid Research Author(s): Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro, Jean-Marc Nicaud One of the most promising alternatives to petroleum for the production of fuels and chemicals is bio-oil based chemistry. Microbial oils are gaining importance because they can be engineered to accumulate lipids enriched in desired fatty acids. These specific lipids are closer to the commercialized product, therefore reducing pollutants and costly chemical steps. Yarrowia lipolytica is the most widely studied and engineered oleaginous yeast. Different molecular and bioinformatics ...
Source: Progress in Lipid Research - December 16, 2015 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
The orchestra of lipid-transfer proteins at the crossroads between metabolism and signaling
Publication date: Available online 1 December 2015 Source:Progress in Lipid Research Author(s): Antonella Chiapparino, Kenji Maeda, Denes Turei, Julio Saez- Rodriguez, Anne-Claude Gavin Within the eukaryotic cell, more than 1000 species of lipids define a series of membranes essential for cell function. Tightly controlled systems of lipid transport underlie the proper spatiotemporal distribution of membrane lipids, the coordination of spatially separated lipid metabolic pathways, and lipid signaling mediated by soluble proteins that may be localized some distance away from membranes. Alongside the well-establ...
Source: Progress in Lipid Research - December 1, 2015 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
A reflection of the lasting contributions from Dr. Robert bittman to sterol trafficking, sphingolipid and phospholipid research
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2015 Source:Progress in Lipid Research Author(s): Nigel J. Pyne, Gabor J. Tigyi With the passing of Dr. Robert Bittman from pancreatic cancer on the 1st October 2014, the lipid research field lost one of the most influential and significant personalities. Robert Bittman's genius was in chemical design and his contribution to the lipid research field was truly immense. The reagents and chemicals he designed and synthesised allowed interrogation of the role of lipids in constituting complex biophysical membranes, sterol transfer and in cellular communication networks. He...
Source: Progress in Lipid Research - November 17, 2015 Category: Lipidology Source Type: research
