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Inhibiting ABCG2 could potentially enhance the efficacy of Hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy in spheroidal cell models of colorectal cancer
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) involves the administration of a tumour-retaining photosensitiser (PS), followed by light administration to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause necrosis and apoptosis, depending on the type and concentration of PS, light dose and tissue sensitivity [1 –3]. Hypericin, a photoactive compound found in St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum) [4], has attracted interest through its diverse range of medicinal applications, including PDT in pre-clinical cancer studies [5–12]. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 2, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: M. Ibrahim Khot, Sarah L. Perry, Thomas Maisey, Gemma Armstrong, Helen Andrew, Thomas A. Hughes, Nikil Kapur, David G. Jayne Source Type: research

Multifunctional Nanoparticles for Trimodal Photodynamic Therapy-mediated Photothermal and Chemotherapeutic Effects
pH-switchable integrated nanodelivery of Carboplatin/ICG to cancer for an efficient tumor ablation for folate receptor-targeted delivery, in particularly, Carboplatin/ICG loaded NPs provide targeted PDT/PTT/Chemotherapy of cancer resulting in efficient apoptosis while avoiding normal healthy tissues (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 2, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Vivek Raju, NipunBabu Varukattu, Rejeeth Chandrababu, Sharma Alok, Ponraj Thondhi, Vasanthakumar Alagarsamy, Kannan Soundarapandian Source Type: research

Silica nanoparticles embedded with water insoluble phthalocyanines for the photoinactivation of microorganisms
Antimicrobial resistance is a growing problem that complicates the treatment of infections acquired in the hospitals and in the community [1]. Therefore it is important to search for alternative therapeutic modalities [2]. Some modifications to the application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of cancer have been proposed for photokilling of microorganisms [3]. This approach, called photodynamic inactivation (PDI), is based on the preferential accumulation of the photosensitizer in the microbial cells. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - July 2, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Estefania Baigorria, Eugenia Reynoso, M. Gabriela Alvarez, M. Elisa Milanesio, Edgardo N. Durantini Source Type: research

Antifungal Photodynamic Inactivation against Dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum Using Nanoparticle-Based Hybrid Photosensitizers
Fungi are a large group of eukaryotic organisms distantly related to mammals, yet with similarities in the plasma membrane to that of mammalian cells [1,2]. Most fungi have a rigid cell membrane including polysaccharides, such as chitin and ergosterol, whereas in mammalian cell membranes ergosterol is replaced by cholesterol [3,4]. The similarities exist between fungal and mammalian cell membranes render it challenging to develop antifungal drugs with low toxicity to humans [5,6]. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - June 23, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Niranga Wijesiri, Zhao Yu, Hong Tang, Peng Zhang Source Type: research

Increased toxicity of amylin (Islet Amyloid Polypeptide) in beta cells induced by photochemical internalization
Amylin, synonymously IAPP, and oligomers formed from amylin are implicated in the demise of beta cells in type 2 diabetes [1]. It is unresolved whether oligomers are toxic inside beta cells [2]. Toxicity of intracellularly located oligomers is difficult to test due to their enclosure by endosomes, something that obviates toxicity. This situation is similar to the reduction of desired effects of cytotoxic agents on neoplastic cells due to endosomal wrapping [3]. Use of photochemical internalization (PCI) technique, which enables bursting of endosomes, may give clues for impact of intracellular toxicity as documented in vitr...
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - June 21, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Rinku Singh, Hals Ingrid, H øgset Anders, Grill Valdemar, A. Gederaas Odrun Source Type: research

Evaluation of Nonlinear Optical Differences between Breast Cancer Cell Lines SK-BR-3 and MCF-7; an in Vitro Study
Breast cancer is a common type of cancer for women in developed and developing countries, and it can lead to death in women aged above 40 years. More than 252,710 new cases were predicted and also 40610 breast cancer –related death were identified in 2017. From 1975 to 2014, the number of new cases of breast cancer increased from 105.1 to 130.6 per 100,000 people. These statistics indicate that breast cancer has become prevalent in many societies [1]. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - June 19, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Alireza Ghader, Ali Abbasian Ardakani, Habib Ghaznavi, Ali Shakeri-Zadeh, Soraya Emamgholizadeh Minaei, Salman Mohajer, Mohammad Hosein Majles Ara Source Type: research

Severe Acne in Monozygotic Twins Treated with Photodynamic Therapy
We report a case of monozygotic twins with severe acne who were successfully treated with PDT. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - June 19, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Shan-Shan Li, Ling-Lin Zhang, Shu Nie, Ting Lv, Hong-Wei Wang Tags: Case report Source Type: research

Nanoparticles of methylene blue enhance photodynamic therapy
Schematic representation of the mechanism of action of PDT with nanoparticles in breast cancer cells. In particular, AgNPs induce mitochondrial and DNA damage by ROS. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - June 18, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: V.P.S. Jesus, L. Raniero, G.M. Lemes, T.T. Bhattacharjee, P.C. Caetano J únior, M.L. Castilho Source Type: research

Nanoparticles and Methylene Blue for Enhancement Photodynamic Therapy
Schematic representation of the mechanism of action of PDT with nanoparticles in breast cancer cells. In particular, AgNPs induce mitochondrial and DNA damage by ROS. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - June 18, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: V.P.S. Jesus, L. Raniero, G.M. Lemes, T.T. Bhattacharjee, P.C. Caetano J únior, M.L. Castilho Source Type: research

A novel light source with tuneable uniformity of light distribution for artificial daylight photodynamic therapy
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective treatment for actinic keratosis (AK), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and Bowen ’s disease [1,2]. A pro-drug (generally 5-aminolaevulinic acid or methylaminolevulinate) of the photosensitiser protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) is applied to the skin in a cream base and with conventional hospital-based PDT, after an incubation period usually of 3 h, irradiation is undertaken using eit her red or blue light. The preferential uptake of PpIX in abnormal cells enables specific treatment of diseased tissue, whilst sparing normal skin. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - June 16, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Paul O ’Mahoney, Neil Haigh, Kenny Wood, C. Tom A. Brown, Sally Ibbotson, Ewan Eadie Source Type: research

Early caries detection methods according to the depth of the lesion: An in vitro comparison
In most industrialized nations, there has been a substantial decrease in the prevalence of dental caries in 12-year-old children and adults over the past 40 years [1]. Nevertheless, dental caries continues to be the most prevalent oral disease and a major public oral health problem [2,3]. In particular, there have been remarkable changes in the pattern of dental caries. The progression of enamel caries has been slowed because of the widespread use of fluoride toothpaste and improved oral hygiene [3]. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - June 16, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Hee-Eun Kim, Baek-Il Kim Source Type: research

A tuneable approach to uniform light distribution for artificial daylight photodynamic therapy
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective treatment for actinic keratosis (AK), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and Bowen ’s disease [1,2]. A pro-drug (generally 5-aminolaevulinic acid or methylaminolevulinate) of the photosensitiser protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) is applied to the skin in a cream base and with conventional hospital-based PDT, after an incubation period usually of 3 hours, irradiation is undertaken using either red or blue light. The preferential uptake PpIX in abnormal cells enables specific treatment of diseased tissue, whilst sparing normal skin. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - June 16, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Paul O ’Mahoney, Neil Haigh, Kenny Wood, C. Tom A. Brown, Sally Ibbotson, Ewan Eadie Source Type: research

Topical aminolevulinic acid –photodynamic therapy in the treatment of keratoacanthoma: a case report
We present a male patient of Asian ethnicity with a solitary keratoacanthoma of the finger, which was treated by curettage combined with photodynamic therapy following initial unsuccessful treatment by cryotherapy. After three sessions of photodynamic therapy, the lesion had completely disappeared. There was no evidence of recurrence after 3 months of follow-up. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - June 15, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Ting Lv, Fei Miao, Min-Feng Wu, Shu Nie, Shan-shan Li, Xiuli Wang, Hong-wei Wang Source Type: research

Effects of Methylene Blue-mediated Photodynamic Therapy on a Mouse Model of Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Normal Skin
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is used for the treatment of various types of cancers, precancerous lesions, and dermatological disorders. PDT uses dyes or pigments, referred to as photosensitizers, that absorb visible light and induce or participate in photochemical reactions. The photosensitizer is injected into the target tissue under visible light irradiation of an appropriate wavelength, which results in cell damage. Photochemical reactions of types I and II may occur separately or simultaneously to generate cytotoxic products, such as singlet oxygen (1O2), a highly reactive molecule [1,2]. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - June 14, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Ana Paula da Silva, Camila Lima Neves, Elizangela dos Anjos Silva, Tania Cristina Lima Portela, Renata Stecca Iunes, Bruno Cogliati, Divinomar Severino, Maur ício da Silva Baptista, Maria Lúcia Zaidan Dagli, Francisco Javier Hernandez Blazquez, José Ro Source Type: research

Effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on microleakage of class cavities restored with composite resin
Cariogenic bacteria are responsible for development of dental caries. They ferment the carbohydrates adhered to dental surfaces and produce acids, which cause demineralization and lead to development of carious lesions. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Lactobacillus acidophilus are commonly isolated from dental biofilms. Dental caries may be prevented by decreasing the count of these bacteria [1]. Chemical agents such as chlorhexidine and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid are used to eliminate bacteria following cavity preparation or root canal instrumentation in order to prevent microbial reinfection [2]. (Source: Photo...
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - June 12, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Ladan Madani, Edwin Sarkisians, Nazanin Kiomarsi, Mohammad Javad Kharazifard, Nasim Chiniforush Source Type: research