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Effect of photodynamic therapy as an adjuvant to non-surgical periodontal therapy: periodontal and metabolic evaluation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Periodontitis is mainly established through a bacterial biofilm; however, systemic diseases can affect the disease course, influencing the capacity of the periodontal tissues to react to the attack or modulate this action, thus increasing both the risk of disease development and the disease severity1. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - April 27, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Fl ávia Isabela Barbosa, Patrícia Valente Araújo, Lucas José Campos Machado, Cláudia Silami Magalhães, Milena Maria Moreira Guimarães, Allyson Nogueira Moreira Source Type: research

Photodynamic therapy for Hidradenitis Suppurativa/acne inversa: Case report
In this report, ALA-PDT achieves a good efficacy in one case of HS/AI after nine treatments. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - April 27, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Yunjie Zhang, Yuguang Yang, Xianbiao Zou Source Type: research

Catalase A is involved in the response to photooxidative stress in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Visible light, either alone or in combination with dyes, is a potential tool for controlling bacterial pathogen growth [1,2]. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) is an approach that combines the use of an exogenous dye (photosensitizer, PS) and visible light, in an aerobic atmosphere, to induce photooxidative stress in bacteria. The irradiation of PSs with visible light causes singlet oxygen (1O2) and/or ROS (H2O2, OH, O2) to arise, thereby lethally damaging bacterial cell envelopes and/or cytoplasmic macromolecules [3]. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - April 27, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Viviana Teresa Orlandi, Eleonora Martegani, Fabrizio Bolognese Source Type: research

Ex vivo assessment of synergic effect of chlorhexidine for enhancing antimicrobial photodynamic therapy efficiency on expression patterns of biofilm-associated genes of Enterococcus faecalis
Endodontic infections usually comprise of mostly obligatory and facultative anaerobic microbiota [1]. Enterococcus faecalis, as a Gram-positive facultative anaerobic coccus, has been frequently detected from patients with nonsurgical retreatment of endodontic therapy and may play a key role in the etiology of post-treatment apical periodontitis [2]. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - April 27, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Behnam Bolhari, Maryam Pourhajibagher, Farzaneh Bazarjani, Nasim Chiniforush, Mehdi Rostami Rad, Salma Pirmoazen, Abbas Bahador Source Type: research

Photodynamic therapy does not induce cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in the presence of melanin
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an excellent field treatment modality in dermatology [1 –3]. Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) are the most frequent DNA changes induced by UV light[4–9]. CPDs were mostly attributed to the effect of UVB. UVA induces cellular effects mostly through reactive oxygen species (ROS), similar to PDT[10,11]. Recent findings suggest that UVA induced ROS c an generate CPDs in the presence of melanin, shedding new light on the role of ROS in CPD induction in melanin containing cells[4]. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - April 24, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Shaila Mudambi, Paula Pera, Deschana Washington, Eva Remenyik, Eszter Fidrus, Gal Shafirstein, David Bellnier, Gyorgy Paragh Source Type: research

Immobilization of triclosan and erythrosine in layer-by-layer films applied to inactivation of microorganisms
Chemical agents with antiplaque and antimicrobial activity are found in hygiene products such as toothpaste and mouth rinse [1]. Triclosan (TCS), [2 –5] is widely used in the oral hygiene industry and exhibits antifungal and antibacterial properties [6], with a broad action spectrum. Furthermore, it has been incorporated in different materials such as fabrics, footwear and medical devices [3,7,8], and has been detected in water and sewage, as well as urine samples, plasma, and breast milk [9]. There are indications that high doses of TCS may cause bacterial resistance and disrupt immune function and endocrine signaling [...
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - April 21, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Maria F. Costa Pedro, Alessandro S. Kalck, Kevin F. dos Santos, Marcos S. Sousa, Karla B. Romio, Paula C.S. Souto, Josmary R. Silva, Nara C. de Souza Source Type: research

Photodynamic therapy with the use of superluminescent diodes (sLED) in the treatment of actinic keratosis
Light sources used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) range from broad spectrum lamps (a continuous spectrum above 590  nm), light emitting diodes (LED) and lasers to daylight exposure [1,2]. As LED light achieves the best tissue penetration and highest efficacy in the red narrow spectrum [3,4], the development of new superluminescent diodes (sLED) with a “soft starter” appears to be a promising light source i n the treatment of various skin and mucosal lesions. Since PDT has good cosmetic results and high efficacy, it is routinely recommended as a first line treatment of thin, multiple and diffuse AK lesions [5–7]. (So...
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - April 20, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Joanna Bartosi ńska, Katarzyna Wolska, Agnieszka Gerkowicz, Marta Niewiedzioł, Małgorzata Michalska - Jakubus, Małgorzata Komza, Tomasz Klepaczewski, Mirosław Kwaśny, Dorota Krasowska Source Type: research

Layer-by-Layer Hollow Photosensitizer Microcapsule Design via a Manganese Carbonate Hard Template for Photodynamic Therapy in Cells
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a form of phototherapy that combines three primary components: a photosensitizer (PS), light, and molecular oxygen. The PS that is delivered into tumours by topical, systemic, or intravenous administration becomes excited upon irradiation with a specific wavelength of visible light. The excited photosensitizer is then able to convert molecular oxygen into singlet oxygen which is toxic to the targeted malignant and diseased cells [1 –3]. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - April 20, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Andreza Ribeiro Simioni, Priscila Costa Carvalho de Jesus, Antonio Claudio Tedesco Source Type: research

Is the chlorophyll derivative Zn(II)e6Me a good photosensitizer to be used in root canal disinfection?
Microorganisms that invade the root canal system have a fundamental role in initiating and sustaining periapical disease. Microbial studies in root canal infections have identified a group of microorganisms that persist after root canal treatment, which are mainly Gram-positive facultative anaerobic bacteria, including enterococci, streptococci, lactobacilli, actinomyces and also yeasts [1,2]. Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans are two of the most resistant microorganisms found in infected root canals and have a higher prevalence in secondary infections compared with primary infections [1,3]. (Source: Photodiagnosi...
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - April 20, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: P. Diogo, M. Mota, C. Fernandes, D. Sequeira, P. Palma, F. Caramelo, M.G.P.M.S. Neves, M.A.F. Faustino, T. Gon çalves, J.M. Santos Source Type: research

N-acetylcysteine Protects Against Chorioretinal Damage Induced by Photodynamic Therapy for Experimental Choroidal Neovascularization in a Rat Model
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin is a partially selective vaso-occlusive treatment targeting chorioretinal abnormalities. PDT was initially used to treat certain types of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). PDT employing verteporfin as a photosensitizer preferentially occludes choroidal neovascularization (CNV) with minimal damage to collateral structures such as the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and neural retina [1,2], and it suppresses CNV leakage in patients with neovascular AMD [3 –7]. (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)
Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy - April 18, 2018 Category: Laser Surgery Authors: Tae Wan Kim, Jun Woong Moon, Hyeong Gon Yu Source Type: research