Expression analysis of radiation-responsive genes in human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells
To clarify the nature of the genes that contribute to the radiosensitivity of human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), we analyzed the gene expression profiles detected in HSPCs irradiated with 2 Gy X-rays after culture with or without an optimal combination of hematopoietic cytokines. Highly purified CD34+ cells from human placental/umbilical cord blood were used as HSPCs. The cells were exposed to 2 Gy X-irradiation and treated in serum-free medium under five different sets of conditions for 6 h. The gene expression levels were analyzed by cDNA microarray, and then the network of responsive genes was investigat...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 11, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Tsujiguchi, T., Hirouchi, T., Monzen, S., Tabuchi, Y., Takasaki, I., Kondo, T., Kashiwakura, I. Tags: Biology Source Type: research
Quantification of damage due to low-dose radiation exposure in mice: construction and application of a biodosimetric model using mRNA indicators in circulating white blood cells
Biodosimetry, the measurement of radiation damage in a biologic sample, is a reliable tool for increasing the accuracy of dose estimation. Although established chromosome analyses are suitable for estimating the absorbed dose after high-dose irradiation, biodosimetric methodology to measure damage following low-dose exposure is underdeveloped. RNA analysis of circulating blood containing radiation-sensitive cells is a candidate biodosimetry method. Here we quantified RNA from a small amount of blood isolated from mice following low-dose body irradiation (<0.5 Gy) aimed at developing biodosimetric tools for situations th...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 11, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Ishihara, H., Tanaka, I., Yakumaru, H., Tanaka, M., Yokochi, K., Fukutsu, K., Tajima, K., Nishimura, M., Shimada, Y., Akashi, M. Tags: Biology Source Type: research
Effects of 100-{mu}T extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields exposure on hematograms and blood chemistry in rats
The aim of this study was to test whether extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF EMFs) affect health or not. Here, we constructed a 100-μT/50 Hz electromagnetic field atmosphere. A total of 128 rats were randomly assigned into two groups: the ELF EMF group and the sham group. The ELF EMF group was exposed to 100-μT/50-Hz ELF EMF for 20 h per day for three months; at the same time the other group was exposed to a sham device without ELF EMF. During the three months, the weight was recorded every 2 weeks, and the water intake and food intake of the animals were recorded weekly. The hematologic parameters w...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 11, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Lai, J., Zhang, Y., Zhang, J., Liu, X., Ruan, G., Chaugai, S., Tang, J., Wang, H., Chen, C., Wang, D. W. Tags: Biology Source Type: research
Irradiation-injured brain tissues can self-renew in the absence of the pivotal tumor suppressor p53 in the medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryo
The tumor suppressor protein, p53, plays pivotal roles in regulating apoptosis and proliferation in the embryonic and adult central nervous system (CNS) following neuronal injuries such as those induced by ionizing radiation. There is increasing evidence that p53 negatively regulates the self-renewal of neural stem cells in the adult murine brain; however, it is still unknown whether p53 is essential for self-renewal in the injured developing CNS. Previously, we demonstrated that the numbers of apoptotic cells in medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryos decreased in the absence of p53 at 12–24 h after irradiation with 10-Gy ...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 11, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Yasuda, T., Kimori, Y., Nagata, K., Igarashi, K., Watanabe-Asaka, T., Oda, S., Mitani, H. Tags: Biology Source Type: research
Dependence of radiation dose on the behavioral patterns among school children: a retrospective analysis 18 to 20 months following the 2011 Fukushima nuclear incident in Japan
This study indicates that the air contamination levels at the places where children spend most of their day are the significant predictors of the dose, as opposed to the levels at those outdoor locations in which short periods of time spent. (Source: Journal of Radiation Research)
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 11, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Nomura, S., Tsubokura, M., Furutani, T., Hayano, R. S., Kami, M., Kanazawa, Y., Oikawa, T. Tags: Biology Source Type: research
Volumetric-modulated arc therapy for left-sided breast cancer and all regional nodes improves target volumes coverage and reduces treatment time and doses to the heart and left coronary artery, compared with a field-in-field technique
We compared two intensity-modulated radiotherapy techniques for left-sided breast treatment, involving lymph node irradiation including the internal mammary chain. Inverse planned arc-therapy (VMAT) was compared with a forward-planned multi-segment technique with a mono-isocenter (MONOISO). Ten files were planned per technique, delivering a 50-Gy dose to the breast and 46.95 Gy to nodes, within 25 fractions. Comparative endpoints were planning target volume (PTV) coverage, dose to surrounding structures, and treatment delivery time. PTV coverage, homogeneity and conformality were better for two arc VMAT plans; V95%PTV-T wa...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - October 31, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Tyran, M., Mailleux, H., Tallet, A., Fau, P., Gonzague, L., Minsat, M., Moureau-Zabotto, L., Resbeut, M. Tags: Physics Source Type: research
Evaluation of equivalent dose from neutrons and activation products from a 15-MV X-ray LINAC
A high-energy photon beam that is more than 10 MV can produce neutron contamination. Neutrons are generated by the [,n] reactions with a high-Z target material. The equivalent neutron dose and gamma dose from activation products have been estimated in a LINAC equipped with a 15-MV photon beam. A Monte Carlo simulation code was employed for neutron and photon dosimetry due to mixed beam. The neutron dose was also experimentally measured using the Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) under various conditions to compare with the simulation. The activation products were measured by gamma spectrometer system. The average neu...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - October 31, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Israngkul-Na-Ayuthaya, I., Suriyapee, S., Pengvanich, P. Tags: Physics Source Type: research
Characterization of a new commercial single crystal diamond detector for photon- and proton-beam dosimetry
A synthetic single crystal diamond detector (SCDD) is commercially available and is characterized for radiation dosimetry in various radiation beams in this study. The characteristics of the commercial SCDD model 60019 (PTW) with 6- and 15-MV photon beams, and 208-MeV proton beams, were investigated and compared with the pre-characterized detectors: Semiflex (model 31010) and PinPoint (model 31006) ionization chambers (PTW), the EDGE diode detector (Sun Nuclear Corp) and the SFD Stereotactic Dosimetry Diode Detector (IBA). To evaluate the effects of the pre-irradiation, the diamond detector, which had not been irradiated o...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - October 31, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Akino, Y., Gautam, A., Coutinho, L., Wurfel, J., Das, I. J. Tags: Physics Source Type: research
Radiation-induced organizing pneumonia after stereotactic body radiotherapy for lung tumor
The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate characteristics of organizing pneumonia (OP) after stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for lung tumor. Between September 2010 and June 2014, patients who were diagnosed as Stage I lung cancer and treated with SBRT at our institution were included in this study. A total of 78 patients (47 males with a median age of 80 years) were analyzed. The median follow-up period was 23 months. Five patients (6.4%) developed OP at 6–18 months after SBRT. The cumulative incidence of OP was 4.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–11.0) and 8.2% (95% CI, 2.9–17.0) a...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - October 31, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Ochiai, S., Nomoto, Y., Yamashita, Y., Murashima, S., Hasegawa, D., Kurobe, Y., Toyomasu, Y., Kawamura, T., Takada, A., II, N. Tags: Oncology Source Type: research
A questionnaire-based survey on 3D image-guided brachytherapy for cervical cancer in Japan: advances and obstacles
In conclusion, 3D-IGBT (mainly CT) was implemented in 22 facilities (16%) and will be installed in 72 (53%) facilities in the future. Limited time and staffing were major impediments. (Source: Journal of Radiation Research)
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - October 31, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Ohno, T., Toita, T., Tsujino, K., Uchida, N., Hatano, K., Nishimura, T., Ishikura, S. Tags: Oncology Source Type: research
Clinical outcomes of helical tomotherapy for super-elderly patients with localized and locally advanced prostate cancer: comparison with patients under 80 years of age
We investigated the clinical outcomes of helical tomotherapy in 23 patients aged ≥80 years with localized and locally advanced prostate cancer and compared the results with data from 171 patients under 80 years. All patients received helical tomotherapy in our hospital between September 2009 and October 2012. The median follow-up periods were 35 months in the aged group and 34 months in the younger group. The median prescribed dose in helical tomotherapy was 78 Gy in 39 fractions (range, 72–78 Gy). The 3-year overall survival and biochemical relapse-free rates were 92% and 96% in the aged group and 99.4% and 97.3%...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - October 31, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Okonogi, N., Katoh, H., Kawamura, H., Tamaki, T., Kaminuma, T., Murata, K., Ohkubo, Y., Takakusagi, Y., Onishi, M., Sekihara, T., Okazaki, A., Nakano, T. Tags: Oncology Source Type: research
Association between absolute volumes of lung spared from low-dose irradiation and radiation-induced lung injury after intensity-modulated radiotherapy in lung cancer: a retrospective analysis
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between absolute volumes of lung spared from low-dose irradiation and radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) after intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for lung cancer. The normal lung relative volumes receiving greater than 5, 10, 20 and 30 Gy (V5–30) mean lung dose (MLD), and absolute volumes spared from greater than 5, 10, 20 and 30 Gy (AVS5–30) for the bilateral and ipsilateral lungs of 83 patients were recorded. Any association of clinical factors and dose–volume parameters with Grade ≥2 RILI was analyzed. The median follow-up was 12.3 mont...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - October 31, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Chen, J., Hong, J., Zou, X., Lv, W., Guo, F., Hong, H., Zhang, W. Tags: Oncology Source Type: research
Changes in apoptotic microRNA and mRNA expression profiling in Caenorhabditis elegans during the Shenzhou-8 mission
Radiation and microgravity exposure have been proven to induce abnormal apoptosis in microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA expression, but whether space conditions, including radiation and microgravity, activate miRNAs to regulate the apoptosis is undetermined. For that purpose, we investigated miRNome and mRNA expression in the ced-1 Caenorhabditis elegans mutant vs the wild-type, both of which underwent spaceflight, spaceflight 1g-centrifuge control and ground control conditions during the Shenzhou-8 mission. Results showed that no morphological changes in the worms were detected, but differential miRNA expression increased from 43 ...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - October 31, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Gao, Y., Li, S., Xu, D., Wang, J., Sun, Y. Tags: Biology Source Type: research
Effects of ionizing radiation on differentiation of murine bone marrow cells into mast cells
In conclusion, bone marrow cells of X-irradiated mice differentiated into mast cells, but ionizing radiation affected the differentiation efficiency and function of mast cells. (Source: Journal of Radiation Research)
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - October 31, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Murakami, S., Yoshino, H., Ishikawa, J., Yamaguchi, M., Tsujiguchi, T., Nishiyama, A., Yokoyama, K., Kashiwakura, I. Tags: Biology Source Type: research
List of Reviewers
(Source: Journal of Radiation Research)
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - October 31, 2015 Category: Physics Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
