Comparison of visual biofeedback system with a guiding waveform and abdomen-chest motion self-control system for respiratory motion management
Irregular breathing can influence the outcome of 4D computed tomography imaging and cause artifacts. Visual biofeedback systems associated with a patient-specific guiding waveform are known to reduce respiratory irregularities. In Japan, abdomen and chest motion self-control devices (Abches) (representing simpler visual coaching techniques without a guiding waveform) are used instead; however, no studies have compared these two systems to date. Here, we evaluate the effectiveness of respiratory coaching in reducing respiratory irregularities by comparing two respiratory management systems. We collected data from 11 healthy...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - August 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Nakajima, Y., Kadoya, N., Kanai, T., Ito, K., Sato, K., Dobashi, S., Yamamoto, T., Ishikawa, Y., Matsushita, H., Takeda, K., Jingu, K. Tags: Regular Paper Source Type: research
Prognostic impact of average iodine density assessed by dual-energy spectral imaging for predicting lung tumor recurrence after stereotactic body radiotherapy
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of average iodine density as assessed by dual-energy computed tomography (DE-CT) for lung tumors treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). From March 2011 to August 2014, 93 medically inoperable patients with 74 primary lung cancers and 19 lung metastases underwent DE-CT prior to SBRT of a total dose of 45–60 Gy in 5–10 fractions. Of these 93 patients, nine patients had two lung tumors. Thus, 102 lung tumors were included in this study. DE-CT was performed for pretreatment evaluation. Regions of interest were set for the entire t...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - August 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Aoki, M., Hirose, K., Sato, M., Akimoto, H., Kawaguchi, H., Hatayama, Y., Fujioka, I., Tanaka, M., Ono, S., Takai, Y. Tags: Regular Paper Source Type: research
Fractionated irradiation-induced EMT-like phenotype conferred radioresistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
The efficacy of radiotherapy, one major treatment modality for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is severely attenuated by radioresistance. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cellular process that determines therapy response and tumor progression. However, whether EMT is induced by ionizing radiation and involved in tumor radioresistance has been less studied in ESCC. Using multiple fractionated irradiation, the radioresistant esophageal squamous cancer cell line KYSE-150R had been established from its parental cell line KYSE-150. We found KYSE-150R displayed a significant EMT phenotype with an elongat...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - August 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Zhang, H., Luo, H., Jiang, Z., Yue, J., Hou, Q., Xie, R., Wu, S. Tags: Regular Paper Source Type: research
Biphasic and triphasic dose responses in zebrafish embryos to low-dose 150 kV X-rays with different levels of hardness
The in vivo low-dose responses of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos to 150 kV X-rays with different levels of hardness were examined through the number of apoptotic events revealed at 24 h post fertilization by vital dye acridine orange staining. Our results suggested that a triphasic dose response was likely a common phenomenon in living organisms irradiated by X-rays, which comprised an ultra-low-dose inhibition, low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition. Our results also suggested that the hormetic zone (or the stimulation zone) was shifted towards lower doses with application of filters. The non-detection of a tripha...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - August 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Kong, E. Y., Cheng, S. H., Yu, K. N. Tags: Regular Paper Source Type: research
Protective effects of rosmarinic acid against radiation-induced damage to the hematopoietic system in mice
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is an ester of caffeic acid and 3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl lactic acid. It is a potent antioxidant that functions by scavenging free radicals. Here, we used a 30-day survival assay to investigate the radioprotective effects of RA. Mice were treated with RA once per day for 10 consecutive days starting at 3 days before gamma irradiation at 7.5 Gy until 7 days post irradiation. Mice treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight (bw) of RA had 30-day survival rates of 89% and 72%, respectively, compared with 32% in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P = 0.0008 and 0.0421, respec...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - August 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Xu, W., Yang, F., Zhang, Y., Shen, X. Tags: Regular Paper Source Type: research
Combined effects of alpha particles and depleted uranium on Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos
The combined effects of low-dose or high-dose alpha particles and depleted uranium (DU) in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos were studied. Three schemes were examined—(i) [ILUL]: 0.44 mGy alpha-particle dose + 10 µg/l DU exposure, (ii) [IHUH]: 4.4 mGy alpha-particle dose + 100 µg/l DU exposure and (iii) [IHUL]: 4.4 mGy alpha-particle dose + 10 µg/l DU exposure—in which Zebrafish embryos were irradiated with alpha particles at 5 h post fertilization (hpf) and/or exposed to uranium at 5–6 hpf. The results were also compared with our previous work, which studied the effects of [ILUH]: 0.44 mG...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - August 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Ng, C. Y. P., Pereira, S., Cheng, S. H., Adam-Guillermin, C., Garnier-Laplace, J., Yu, K. N. Tags: Regular Paper Source Type: research
Evaluation of the intake of radon through skin from thermal water
The biokinetics of radon in the body has previously been studied with the assumption that its absorption through the skin is negligibly small. This assumption would be acceptable except in specific situations, such as bathing in a radon hot spring where the radon concentration in thermal water is far higher than that in air. The present study focused on such a situation in order to better understand the biokinetics of radon. To mathematically express the entry of radon through the skin into the body, we first modified the latest sophisticated biokinetic model for noble gases. Values of an important parameter for the model&...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - August 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Sakoda, A., Ishimori, Y., Tschiersch, J. Tags: Regular Paper Source Type: research
Revisiting the health effects of psychological stress--its influence on susceptibility to ionizing radiation: a mini-review
Both psychological stress (PS) and ionizing radiation (IR) cause varied detrimental effects on humans. There has been no direct evidence so far showing PS alone could cause cancer; however, long-lasting PS may affect our overall health and ability to cope with cancer. Due to their living conditions and occupations, some people may encounter concurrent exposure to both PS and IR to a high extent. In addition to possible health effects resulting directly from exposure to IR on these people, fear of IR exposure is also a cause of PS. The question of whether PS would influence susceptibility to IR, radiocarcinogenesis in parti...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - August 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Wang, B., Katsube, T., Begum, N., Nenoi, M. Tags: Review Source Type: research
Radiological properties of nanocomposite Fricke gel dosimeters for heavy ion beams
The radiological properties of nanocomposite Fricke gel (NC-FG) dosimeters prepared with different concentrations of nano-clay, perchloric acid and ferrous ions in deaerated conditions were investigated under carbon and argon ion beam irradiation covering a linear-energy-transfer (LET) range of 10 to 3000 eV/nm. We found that NC-FG exhibits radiological properties distinct from those of conventional Fricke gel. The radiation sensitivity of NC-FG is independent of the LET and is nearly constant even at very high LET (3000 eV/nm) values in the Bragg peak region of the argon ion beam. In addition, whereas conventional Fricke ...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - June 20, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Maeyama, T., Fukunishi, N., Ishikawa, K. L., Fukasaku, K., Fukuda, S. Tags: Regular paper Source Type: research
Differences in quantification of DNA double-strand breaks assessed by 53BP1/{gamma}H2AX focus formation assays and the comet assay in mammalian cells treated with irradiation and N-acetyl-L-cysteine
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a well-known ROS-scavenging antioxidant, on IR induction of genotoxicity, cytotoxicity and ROS production in mammalian cells, and aimed to clarify the conflicting data in previous publications. Although we clearly demonstrate the beneficial effect of NAC on IR-induced genotoxicity and cytotoxicity (determined using the micronucleus assay and cell viability/clonogenic assays), the data on NAC's effect on DNA double-strand break (DSB) formation were inconsistent in different assays. Specifically, mitigation of IR-induced DSBs by NAC was readily dete...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - June 20, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Kurashige, T., Shimamura, M., Nagayama, Y. Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Evaluation of the relative biological effectiveness of spot-scanning proton irradiation in vitro
Variations in relative biological effectiveness (RBE) from a fixed value of 1.1 are critical in proton beam therapy. To date, studies estimating RBE at multiple positions relative to the spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) have been predominantly performed using passive scattering methods, and limited data are available for spot-scanning beams. Thus, to investigate the RBE of spot-scanning beams, Chinese hamster fibroblast V79 cells were irradiated using the beam line at the Hokkaido University Hospital Proton Therapy Center. Cells were placed at six different depths, including the entrance of the proton beam and the proximal and...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - June 20, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Maeda, K., Yasui, H., Matsuura, T., Yamamori, T., Suzuki, M., Nagane, M., Nam, J.-M., Inanami, O., Shirato, H. Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
A prospective picture collection study for a grading atlas of radiation dermatitis for clinical trials in head-and-neck cancer patients
Radiation dermatitis is one of the most common acute toxicities of both radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy. Many clinical trials have evaluated the level of toxicity using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events ver. 4.03. This criterion accounts for severity in a single sentence only, and no visual classification guide has been available. Thus, there is a risk of subjective interpretation by the individual investigator. This contrasts with the situation with hematologic toxicities, which can be interpreted objectively. The aim of this prospective picture collection study was to develop a grading tool for use in...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - June 20, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Zenda, S., Ota, Y., Tachibana, H., Ogawa, H., Ishii, S., Hashiguchi, C., Akimoto, T., Ohe, Y., Uchitomi, Y. Tags: Regular paper Source Type: research
Threshold doses and prediction of visually apparent liver dysfunction after stereotactic body radiation therapy in cirrhotic and normal livers using magnetic resonance imaging
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the threshold dose for focal liver damage after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in cirrhotic and normal livers using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A total of 64 patients who underwent SBRT for liver tumors, including 54 cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 10 non-cirrhotic patients with liver metastases, were analyzed. MRI was performed 3–6 months after SBRT, using gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-enhanced T1-weighted sequences. All MRI datasets were merged with 3D dosimetry data. All dose distributions...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - June 20, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Doi, H., Shiomi, H., Masai, N., Tatsumi, D., Igura, T., Imai, Y., Oh, R.-J. Tags: Regular paper Source Type: research
Reirradiation using robotic image-guided stereotactic radiotherapy of recurrent head and neck cancer
In conclusion, ulceration is an important prognostic factor, not only for adverse events but also for survival after reirradiation using CyberKnife. (Source: Journal of Radiation Research)
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - June 20, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Yamazaki, H., Ogita, M., Himei, K., Nakamura, S., Suzuki, G., Yoshida, K., Kotsuma, T., Yoshioka, Y. Tags: Regular paper Source Type: research
Two-fraction high-dose-rate brachytherapy within a single day combined with external beam radiotherapy for prostate cancer: single institution experience and outcomes
We investigated the outcomes of treatment for patients with localized prostate cancer (PCa) treated with 3D conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) followed by two-fraction high-dose-rate brachytherapy within a single day (2-fr.-HDR-BT/day) at a single institution. A total of 156 consecutive Asian males (median age, 67 years) were enrolled. To compare our findings with those of other studies, we analyzed our results using the D'Amico classification, assigning the patients to low- (n =5; 3.2%), intermediate- (n =36; 23.1%) and high-risk (n =115; 73.7%) groups (Stage T3 PCa patients were classified as high-risk). One patient in...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - June 20, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Liu, J., Kaidu, M., Sasamoto, R., Ayukawa, F., Yamana, N., Sato, H., Tanaka, K., Kawaguchi, G., Ohta, A., Maruyama, K., Abe, E., Kasahara, T., Nishiyama, T., Tomita, Y., Aoyama, H. Tags: Regular paper Source Type: research
