Fukushima simulation experiment: assessing the effects of chronic low-dose-rate internal 137Cs radiation exposure on litter size, sex ratio, and biokinetics in mice
To investigate the transgenerational effects of chronic low-dose-rate internal radiation exposure after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in Japan, 18 generations of mice were maintained in a radioisotope facility, with free access to drinking water containing 137CsCl (0 and 100 Bq/ml). The 137Cs distribution in the organs of the mice was measured after long-term ad libitum intake of the 137CsCl water. The litter size and the sex ratio of the group ingesting the 137Cs water were compared with those of the control group, for all 18 generations of mice. No significant difference was noted in the litter size ...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 29, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Nakajima, H., Yamaguchi, Y., Yoshimura, T., Fukumoto, M., Todo, T. Tags: Special Issue - Fukushima Source Type: research
Monitoring free-living Japanese Bush Warblers (Cettia diphone) in a most highly radiocontaminated area of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan
The Fukushima–Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (F1NPP) accident is an IAEA level 7 event, the same as that of Chernobyl, while the amount of radionuclides released is not comparable. Radioactivity attributed to the F1NPP accident was detected 250 km away from the F1NPP. Although we have not yet systematically studied the effect of radionuclides on the environment and wildlife, one of three Japanese Bush Warblers (Cettia diphone), captured in Akaugi district in August 2011, was observed to have a conspicuous lesion near the cloaca, which is rare in Japan. All of the birds' feathers were strongly contaminated. Further study...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 29, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Ishida, K., Tanoi, K., Nakanishi, T. M. Tags: Special Issue - Fukushima Source Type: research
Influences of radiation on carp from farm ponds in Fukushima
A massive release of artificial radionuclides from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant caused radioactive contamination of farms as well as of aquatic products. Carp in small ponds in the highly radiocontaminated area of Iitate Village, Fukushima Prefecture, have been confined to the ponds since the accident, and it is thought that the carp may have suffered health issues as a result. Therefore, I investigated the health condition of the carp in order to elucidate the effects of radiation.
Blood neutrophil, monocyte and lymphocyte counts in the carp from three ponds in Fukushima were lower than those in carp from a ...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 29, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Suzuki, Y. Tags: Special Issue - Fukushima Source Type: research
Ingestional and transgenerational effects of the Fukushima nuclear accident on the pale grass blue butterfly
One important public concern in Japan is the potential health effects on animals and humans that live in the Tohoku-Kanto districts associated with the ingestion of foods contaminated with artificial radionuclides from the collapsed Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant. Additionally, transgenerational or heritable effects of radiation exposure are also important public concerns because these effects could cause long-term changes in animal and human populations. Here, we concisely review our findings and implications related to the ingestional and transgenerational effects of radiation exposure on the pale grass blue butt...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 29, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Taira, W., Hiyama, A., Nohara, C., Sakauchi, K., Otaki, J. M. Tags: Special Issue - Fukushima Source Type: research
The First Critical Workshop on the Effect of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident on the Ecosystem and on Humans
(Source: Journal of Radiation Research)
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 29, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Fukumoto, M., Imanaka, T. Tags: Preface Source Type: research
Corrigendum to: Treatment outcomes of patients with FIGO Stage I/II uterine cervical cancer treated with definitive radiotherapy: a multi-institutional retrospective research study
(Source: Journal of Radiation Research)
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 11, 2016 Category: Physics Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research
Low-dose radiation risk and individual variation in radiation sensitivity in Fukushima
(Source: Journal of Radiation Research)
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 11, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Fukunaga, H., Yokoya, A. Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
VMAT-SBRT planning based on an average intensity projection for lung tumors located in close proximity to the diaphragm: a phantom and clinical validity study
The aim of the this study was to validate the use of an average intensity projection (AIP) for volumetric-modulated arc therapy for stereotactic body radiation therapy (VMAT–SBRT) planning for a moving lung tumor located near the diaphragm. VMAT–SBRT plans were created using AIPs reconstructed from 10 phases of 4DCT images that were acquired with a target phantom moving with amplitudes of 5, 10, 20 and 30 mm. To generate a 4D dose distribution, the static dose for each phase was recalculated and the doses were accumulated by using the phantom position known for each phase. For 10 patients with lung tumors, a de...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 11, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Ohira, S., Ueda, Y., Hashimoto, M., Miyazaki, M., Isono, M., Kamikaseda, H., Masaoka, A., Takashina, M., Koizumi, M., Teshima, T. Tags: Physics Source Type: research
Use of a geographic information system (GIS) for targeting radon screening programs in South Dakota
Because 222Rn is a progeny of 238U, the relative abundance of uranium may be used to predict the areas that have the potential for high indoor radon concentration and therefore determine the best areas to conduct future surveys. Geographic Information System (GIS) mapping software was used to construct maps of South Dakota that included levels of uranium concentrations in soil and stream water and uranium deposits. Maps of existing populations and the types of land were also generated. Existing data about average indoor radon levels by county taken from a databank were included for consideration. Although the soil and stre...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 11, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Kearfott, K. J., Whetstone, Z. D., Rafique Mir, K. M. Tags: Physics Source Type: research
Dosimetric evaluation of the feasibility of stereotactic body radiotherapy for primary lung cancer with lobe-specific selective elective nodal irradiation
More than 10% of all patients treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for primary lung cancer develop regional lymph node recurrence. We evaluated the dosimetric feasibility of SBRT with lobe-specific selective elective nodal irradiation (ENI) on dose–volume histograms. A total of 21 patients were treated with SBRT for Stage I primary lung cancer between January 2010 and June 2012 at our institution. The extents of lobe-specific selective ENI fields were determined with reference to prior surgical reports. The ENI fields included lymph node stations (LNS) 3 + 4 + 11 for the right upper lobe tumors, LNS 7 +...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 11, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Komatsu, T., Kunieda, E., Kitahara, T., Akiba, T., Nagao, R., Fukuzawa, T. Tags: Oncology Source Type: research
Multi-institutional retrospective analysis of learning curves on dosimetry and operation time before and after introduction of intraoperatively built custom-linked seeds in prostate brachytherapy
This multi-institutional retrospective analysis examined learning curves for dosimetric parameters and operation time after introduction of intraoperatively built custom-linked (IBCL) seeds. Data from consecutive patients treated with seed implantation before and after introduction of IBCL seeds (loose seed, n = 428; IBCL seed, n = 426) were collected from 13 centers. Dose–volume histogram parameters, operation times, and seed migration rates were compared before and after introduction of IBCL seeds. At the 1-month CT analysis, no significant differences were seen in dose to 90% of prostate volume between before and ...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 11, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Ishiyama, H., Satoh, T., Yorozu, A., Saito, S., Kataoka, M., Hashine, K., Nakamura, R., Tanji, S., Masui, K., Okihara, K., Ohashi, T., Momma, T., Aoki, M., Miki, K., Kato, M., Morita, M., Katayama, N., Nasu, Y., Kawanaka, T., Fukumori, T., Ito, F., Shirok Tags: Oncology Source Type: research
Stereotactic body radiotherapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients undergoing or eligible for long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy
In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the treatment efficacy and safety of SBRT for patients with T1-3N0M0 non–small-cell lung cancer who had been prescribed LTOT for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A total of 24 patients were studied. Their median age was 74 years (range, 63–87 years). The median duration from the start of LTOT to SBRT was 23 months (range, 0–85 months). Four of the 24 patients underwent lobectomy due to lung cancer. The median follow-up duration was 29 months (range, 5–79 months). One patient had a local recurrence. The median survival time was 30 m...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 11, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Hara, Y., Takeda, A., Eriguchi, T., Sanuki, N., Aoki, Y., Nishimura, S., Enomoto, T., Shinkai, M., Kawana, A., Kaneko, T. Tags: Oncology Source Type: research
Stereotactic body radiotherapy for lung metastases as oligo-recurrence: a single institutional study
The purpose of this study was to investigate clinical outcomes following stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for lung metastases as oligo-recurrence. From May 2003 to June 2014, records for 66 patients with 76 oligo-recurrences in the lungs treated with SBRT were retrospectively reviewed. Oligo-recurrence primary sites and patient numbers were as follows: lungs, 31; colorectal, 13; head and neck, 10; esophagus, 3; uterus, 3; and others, 6. The median SBRT dose was 50 Gy (range, 45–60 Gy) administered in a median of 5 (range, 5–9) fractions. All patients received SBRT, with no acute toxicity. Surviving patient...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 11, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Aoki, M., Hatayama, Y., Kawaguchi, H., Hirose, K., Sato, M., Akimoto, H., Miura, H., Ono, S., Takai, Y. Tags: Oncology Source Type: research
A phase II study of nab-paclitaxel plus carboplatin in combination with thoracic radiation in patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer
We investigated the efficacy and safety of albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-PTX) and carboplatin (CBDCA) with concurrent radiotherapy for unresectable locally advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients with Stage III NSCLC and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1 were eligible. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy consisted of weekly administration of nab-PTX (40 mg/m2) plus CBDCA (area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) 2) and thoracic radiotherapy (60 Gy/30 fractions) for a total of 6 weeks. After concurrent chemoradiotherapy, patients received an additional two cycles of ...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 11, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Hasegawa, T., Futamura, Y., Horiba, A., Yoshida, T., Suzuki, T., Kato, T., Kaito, D., Ohno, Y., Iida, T., Hayashi, S., Sawa, T. Tags: Oncology Source Type: research
Concurrent chemoradiotherapy for T3-4 and N0-1 nasopharyngeal cancer: Asian multicenter trial of the Forum for Nuclear Cooperation in Asia
In conclusion, the current results illustrate that our concurrent chemoradiotherapy regimen was feasible, but disease control remained insufficient. Further research is encouraged in order to improve clinical outcomes. (Source: Journal of Radiation Research)
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 11, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Ohno, T., Wakatsuki, M., Thinh, D. H. Q., Tung, N. T., Erawati, D., Supriana, N., Beena Devi, C. R., Kato, S., Thephamongkhol, K., Chansilpa, Y., Calaguas, M. J. C., Xiaoting, X., Jianping, C., Banu, P. A., Cho, C.-K., Karasawa, K., Nakano, T., Tsujii, H. Tags: Oncology Source Type: research
