Carbon-ion beams effectively induce growth inhibition and apoptosis in human neural stem cells compared with glioblastoma A172 cells
Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) holds promise in the treatment of glioblastoma, an aggressive X-ray–resistant brain tumor. However, since glioblastoma cells show a highly invasive nature, carbon-ion (C-ion) irradiation of normal tissues surrounding the tumor is inevitable. Recent studies have revealed the existence of neural stem cells in the adult brain. Therefore, the damaging effect of C-ion beams on the neural stem cells has to be carefully considered in the treatment planning of CIRT. Here, we investigated the growth and death mode of human neural stem cells (hNSCs) and glioblastoma A172 cells after X-ray or C-io...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - September 21, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Isono, M., Yoshida, Y., Takahashi, A., Oike, T., Shibata, A., Kubota, Y., Kanai, T., Ohno, T., Nakano, T. Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
Initial experience of radiotherapy plus cetuximab for Japanese head and neck cancer patients
In Japan, cetuximab with concurrent bioradiotherapy (BRT) for squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN) was approved in December 2012. We herein report our initial experience of BRT, with special emphasis on acute toxicities of this combination therapy. Thirty-one non-metastatic SCCHN patients who underwent BRT using cetuximab between July 2013 and June 2014 were retrospectively evaluated. All patients received cetuximab with a loading dose of 400 mg/m2 one week before the start of radiotherapy, followed by 250 mg/m2 per week during radiotherapy. The median cycle of cetuximab was seven cycles and the median dose of ...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - September 21, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Kurokawa, M., Watanabe Nemoto, M., Harada, R., Kobayashi, H., Horikoshi, T., Kanazawa, A., Togasaki, G., Abe, Y., Chazono, H., Hanazawa, T., Okamoto, Y., Uno, T. Tags: Oncology Source Type: research
Treatment outcomes of patients with FIGO Stage I/II uterine cervical cancer treated with definitive radiotherapy: a multi-institutional retrospective research study
This study found that definitive RT for patients with Stage I/II cervical cancer achieved good survival outcomes. (Source: Journal of Radiation Research)
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - September 21, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Ariga, T., Toita, T., Kato, S., Kazumoto, T., Kubozono, M., Tokumaru, S., Eto, H., Nishimura, T., Niibe, Y., Nakata, K., Kaneyasu, Y., Nonoshita, T., Uno, T., Ohno, T., Iwata, H., Harima, Y., Wada, H., Yoshida, K., Gomi, H., Numasaki, H., Teshima, T., Yam Tags: Oncology Source Type: research
Relationship between sentinel lymph nodes and postoperative tangential fields in early breast cancer, evaluated using SPECT/CT
Single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) demonstrates the precise location of the sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in patients with breast cancer. We evaluated the relationship between SLNs and postoperative tangential fields by using SPECT/CT images. Subjects included 72 patients with early breast cancer who underwent SPECT/CT of the SLNs and received whole-breast irradiation with tangential fields after partial mastectomy. The SLN locations evaluated by using SPECT/CT images were entered into the treatment-planning CT image with a 5-mm-diameter sphere. A 15-mm-diameter sphere including the 5-m...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - September 21, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Wadasaki, K., Nishibuchi, I. Tags: Oncology Source Type: research
Final results from a multicenter prospective study ( JROSG 05-5) on postoperative radiotherapy for patients with ductal carcinoma in situ with an involved surgical margin or close margin widths of 1 mm or less
This multicenter prospective study ( Japanese Radiation Oncology Study Group: JROSG 05-5) aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) with an involved surgical margin or close margin widths of ≤1 mm or less. PORT consisted of whole-breast irradiation (50 Gy in 25 fractions) followed by boost irradiation (10 Gy in 5 fractions). Eligibility criteria were as follows: (i) DCIS without an invasive carcinoma component, (ii) age between 20 and 80 years old, (iii) involved margin or close margin widths of ≤1 mm, (iv) refusal of re-resection, (v) pe...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - September 21, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Shikama, N., Sekiguchi, K., Nakamura, N., Sekine, H., Nakayama, Y., Imanaka, K., Akiba, T., Aoki, M., Hatayama, Y., Ogo, E., Kagami, Y., Kawashima, M., Karasawa, K. Tags: Oncology Source Type: research
Development of fast patient position verification software using 2D-3D image registration and its clinical experience
To improve treatment workflow, we developed a graphic processing unit (GPU)-based patient positional verification software application and integrated it into carbon-ion scanning beam treatment. Here, we evaluated the basic performance of the software. The algorithm provides 2D/3D registration matching using CT and orthogonal X-ray flat panel detector (FPD) images. The participants were 53 patients with tumors of the head and neck, prostate or lung receiving carbon-ion beam treatment. 2D/3D-ITchi-Gime (ITG) calculation accuracy was evaluated in terms of computation time and registration accuracy. Registration calculation wa...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - September 21, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Mori, S., Kumagai, M., Miki, K., Fukuhara, R., Haneishi, H. Tags: Oncology Source Type: research
Hypofractionated electron-beam radiation therapy for keloids: retrospective study of 568 cases with 834 lesions
We aimed to analyze the outcomes of hypofractionated high-energy electron beam radiotherapy for the treatment of keloids. From February 1998 to January 2012, 568 patients with a total of 834 keloids underwent radiotherapy: 826 lesions with postoperative radiotherapy, and 36 with skin-grafting. Lesion size was >5 cm in 335 keloids. An electron-beam of 6 or 7 MeV was used, with a total dose of 18 Gy (two fractions with a 1-week interval) covering the lesion with a 1-cm margin. The time between surgery and radiotherapy was 24–48 h. Skin-grafted patients underwent radiotherapy 10–15 days after the operation. The...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - September 21, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Shen, J., Lian, X., Sun, Y., Wang, X., Hu, K., Hou, X., Sun, S., Yan, J., Yu, L., Sun, X., Li, W., Wang, X., Guan, Q., Pang, T., Zhang, F. Tags: Oncology Source Type: research
Filling the gap in central shielding: three-dimensional analysis of the EQD2 dose in radiotherapy for cervical cancer with the central shielding technique
This study aimed to provide accurate dose distribution profiles of radiotherapy for cervical cancer when treated with the central shielding technique by analysing the composite 3D EQD2 dose distribution of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) plus intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT). On a phantom, four patterns of the combinations of whole pelvis irradiation (WP) (4 fields), pelvis irradiation with central shielding technique (CS) [anterior–posterior/posterior–anterior (AP-PA fields), shielding width of 3 or 4 cm] and ICBT using Point-A prescription were created: 30 Gy/15 fractions + 20 Gy/10 fractions + 24 Gy/4 fr...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - September 21, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Tamaki, T., Ohno, T., Noda, S.-e., Kato, S., Nakano, T. Tags: Oncology Source Type: research
Proton irradiation impacts age-driven modulations of cancer progression influenced by immune system transcriptome modifications from splenic tissue
Age plays a crucial role in the interplay between tumor and host, with additional impact due to irradiation. Proton irradiation of tumors induces biological modulations including inhibition of angiogenic and immune factors critical to ‘hallmark’ processes impacting tumor development. Proton irradiation has also provided promising results for proton therapy in cancer due to targeting advantages. Additionally, protons may contribute to the carcinogenesis risk from space travel (due to the high proportion of high-energy protons in space radiation). Through a systems biology approach, we investigated how host tissu...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - September 21, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Wage, J., Ma, L., Peluso, M., Lamont, C., Evens, A. M., Hahnfeldt, P., Hlatky, L., Beheshti, A. Tags: Biology Source Type: research
Validation of 64Cu-ATSM damaging DNA via high-LET Auger electron emission
Radioactive copper (II) (diacetyl-bis N4-methylthiosemicarbazone) (Cu-ATSM) isotopes were originally developed for the imaging of hypoxia in tumors. Because the decay of a 64Cu atom is emitting not only positrons but also Auger electrons, this radionuclide has great potential as a theranostic agent. However, the success of 64Cu-ATSM internal radiation therapy would depend on the contribution of Auger electrons to tumor cell killing. Therefore, we designed a cell culture system to define the contributions to cell death from Auger electrons to support or refute our hypothesis that the majority of cell death from 64Cu-ATSM is...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - September 21, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: McMillan, D. D., Maeda, J., Bell, J. J., Genet, M. D., Phoonswadi, G., Mann, K. A., Kraft, S. L., Kitamura, H., Fujimori, A., Yoshii, Y., Furukawa, T., Fujibayashi, Y., Kato, T. A. Tags: Biology Source Type: research
Radiation-induced bystander effect in non-irradiated glioblastoma spheroid cells
Radiation-induced bystander effects (RIBEs) are detected in cells that are not irradiated but receive signals from treated cells. The present study explored these bystander effects in a U87MG multicellular tumour spheroid model. A medium transfer technique was employed to induce the bystander effect, and colony formation assay was used to evaluate the effect. Relative changes in expression of BAX, BCL2, JNK and ERK genes were analysed using RT-PCR to investigate the RIBE mechanism. A significant decrease in plating efficiency was observed for both bystander and irradiated cells. The survival fraction was calculated for bys...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - September 21, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Faqihi, F., Neshastehriz, A., Soleymanifard, S., Shabani, R., Eivazzadeh, N. Tags: Biology Source Type: research
Generation of low-flux X-ray micro-planar beams and their biological effect on a murine subcutaneous tumor model
We generated low-flux X-ray micro-planar beams (MPBs) using a laboratory-scale industrial X-ray generator (60 kV/20 mA) with custom-made collimators with three different peak/pitch widths (50/200 μm, 100/400 μm, 50/400 μm). To evaluate normal skin reactions, the thighs of C3H/HeN mice were exposed to 100 and 200 Gy MPBs in comparison with broad beams (20, 30, 40, 50, 60 Gy). Antitumor effects of MPBs were evaluated in C3H/HeN mice with subcutaneous tumors (SCCVII). After the tumors were irradiated with 100 and 200 Gy MPBs and 20 and 30 Gy broad beams, the tumor sizes were measured and survival analyses were perfor...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - September 21, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Hong, Z., Zenkoh, J., Le, B., Gerelchuluun, A., Suzuki, K., Moritake, T., Washio, M., Urakawa, J., Tsuboi, K. Tags: Biology Source Type: research
Chronic restraint-induced stress has little modifying effect on radiation hematopoietic toxicity in mice
Both radiation and stresses cause detrimental effects on humans. Besides possible health effects resulting directly from radiation exposure, the nuclear plant accident is a cause of social psychological stresses. A recent study showed that chronic restraint-induced stresses (CRIS) attenuated Trp53 functions and increased carcinogenesis susceptibility of Trp53-heterozygous mice to total-body X-irradiation (TBXI), having a big impact on the academic world and a sensational effect on the public, especially the residents living in radioactively contaminated areas. It is important to investigate the possible modification effect...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - September 21, 2015 Category: Physics Authors: Wang, B., Tanaka, K., Katsube, T., Ninomiya, Y., Vares, G., Liu, Q., Morita, A., Nakajima, T., Nenoi, M. Tags: Biology Source Type: research
JRR Award at ICRR 2015
(Source: Journal of Radiation Research)
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - September 21, 2015 Category: Physics Tags: Awards Source Type: research
2015 Terasima Award
(Source: Journal of Radiation Research)
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - September 21, 2015 Category: Physics Tags: Awards Source Type: research
