Patterns of prescribing radiotherapy and bevacizumab in nationwide practice - analysis of 101 designated cancer care hospitals in Japan
Radiotherapy and bevacizumab are each effective in treating patients with advanced cancer, but their concurrent use may cause serious adverse events (SAEs). Whereas sequential administration can theoretically reduce the risk of SAEs while maintaining the anticancer effects, this hypothesis remains unconfirmed, leading to variations in practice. To elucidate current practices, the patterns of care received by patients in Japan with regard to these two therapies were assessed in a large database of a hospital-based cancer registry linked with insurance claims. This database contained information on 106 057 patients diagnosed...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - March 17, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Tsukada, Y., Nakamura, F., Iwamoto, M., Terahara, A., Higashi, T. Tags: Clinical Radiation Oncology Source Type: research
Reirradiation of spinal metastases with intensity-modulated radiation therapy: an analysis of 23 patients
In conclusion, spinal metastasis reirradiation using IMRT appears safe; pain relief and paresis improvement and/or prevention can be expected, along with a reduced risk of radiation-induced toxicity, especially in the spinal cord. (Source: Journal of Radiation Research)
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - March 17, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Kawashiro, S., Harada, H., Katagiri, H., Asakura, H., Ogawa, H., Onoe, T., Sumita, K., Murayama, S., Murata, H., Nemoto, K., Takahashi, M., Nishimura, T. Tags: Clinical Radiation Oncology Source Type: research
Hepcidin-2 in mouse urine as a candidate radiation-responsive molecule
We used high-performance liquid chromatography to separate urine obtained from whole-body gamma-irradiated mice (4 Gy) before analyzing each fraction with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–time-of-flight mass spectrometry to identify radiation-responsive molecules. We identified two candidates: hepcidin antimicrobial peptide 2 (hepcidin-2) and peptide fragments of kidney androgen-regulated protein (KAP). We observed that peak increases of hepcidin-2 in urine were delayed in a dose-dependent manner (1 Gy and above); however, the amount of KAP peptide fragments showed no correlation with radiation dose. In ad...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - March 17, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Iizuka, D., Yoshioka, S., Kawai, H., Okazaki, E., Kiriyama, K., Izumi, S., Nishimura, M., Shimada, Y., Kamiya, K., Suzuki, F. Tags: Biology Source Type: research
Radiation-induced lung fibrosis in a tumor-bearing mouse model is associated with enhanced Type-2 immunity
Lung fibrosis may be associated with Type-2 polarized inflammation. Herein, we aim to investigate whether radiation can initiate a Type-2 immune response and contribute to the progression of pulmonary fibrosis in tumor-bearing animals. We developed a tumor-bearing mouse model with Lewis lung cancer to receive either radiation therapy alone or radiation combined with Th1 immunomodulator unmethylated cytosine-phosphorothioate-guanine containing oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN). The Type-2 immune phenotype in tumors and the histological grade of lung fibrosis were evaluated in mice sacrificed three weeks after irradiation. Mous...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - March 17, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Chen, J., Wang, Y., Mei, Z., Zhang, S., Yang, J., Li, X., Yao, Y., Xie, C. Tags: Biology Source Type: research
The effect of continuous ELF-MFs on the level of 5-HIAA in the raphe nucleus of the rat
This study is an initial step towards helping cure depression using ELF-MFs. (Source: Journal of Radiation Research)
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - March 17, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Shahbazi-Gahrouei, D., Shiri, L., Alaei, H., Naghdi, N. Tags: Radiation Biology Source Type: research
Application of cell sorting for enhancing the performance of the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay
Among the numerous methods available to assess genotoxicity, the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay is very popular due its relative simplicity and power to detect both clastogenic and aneugenic compounds. A problem with the CBMN assay is that all DNA damaging agents also inhibit the ability of cells to progress through mitosis, leading to a low number of binucleated cells (BNCs). One method to resolve this issue is to ensure a sufficient proportion of BNCs in the samples. In the current study, the applicability of a cell sorting system capable of isolating cell fractions containing abundant BNCs was investigated....
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - March 17, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Nakamura, A., Monzen, S., Takasugi, Y., Wojcik, A., Mariya, Y. Tags: Radiation Biology Source Type: research
In cellulo phosphorylation of XRCC4 Ser320 by DNA-PK induced by DNA damage
XRCC4 is a protein associated with DNA Ligase IV, which is thought to join two DNA ends at the final step of DNA double-strand break repair through non-homologous end joining. In response to treatment with ionizing radiation or DNA damaging agents, XRCC4 undergoes DNA-PK-dependent phosphorylation. Furthermore, Ser260 and Ser320 (or Ser318 in alternatively spliced form) of XRCC4 were identified as the major phosphorylation sites by purified DNA-PK in vitro through mass spectrometry. However, it has not been clear whether these sites are phosphorylated in vivo in response to DNA damage. In the present study, we generated an ...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - March 17, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Sharma, M. K., Imamichi, S., Fukuchi, M., Samarth, R. M., Tomita, M., Matsumoto, Y. Tags: Radiation Biology Source Type: research
S-phase-specific radiosensitization by gemcitabine for therapeutic carbon ion exposure in vitro
Densely ionizing charged particle irradiation offers physical as well as biological advantages compared with photon irradiation. Radiobiological data for the combination of such particle irradiation (i.e. therapeutic carbon ions) with commonly used chemotherapeutics are still limited. Recent in vitro results indicate a general prevalence of additive cytotoxic effects in combined treatments, but an extension of established multimodal treatment regimens with photons to the inclusion of particle therapy needs to evaluate possible peculiarities of using high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation. The present study investigate...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - March 17, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Harrabi, S. B., Adeberg, S., Winter, M., Haberer, T., Debus, J., Weber, K.-J. Tags: Radiation Biology Source Type: research
The influence of non-DNA-targeted effects on carbon ion-induced low-dose hyper-radiosensitivity in MRC-5 cells
In this study, the impact of non-DNA-targeted effects (NTEs) on high-LET radiation–induced LDHRS was investigated. Human normal lung fibroblast MRC-5 cells were irradiated with high-LET carbon ions, and low-dose biological effects (in terms of various bio-endpoints, including colony formation, DNA damage and micronuclei formation) were detected under conditions with and without gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) inhibition. LDHRS was observed when the radiation dose was <0.2 Gy for all bio-endpoints under investigation, but vanished when the GJIC was suppressed. Based on the probability of cells bei...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - March 17, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Ye, F., Ning, J., Liu, X., Jin, X., Wang, T., Li, Q. Tags: Radiation Biology Source Type: research
Monitoring of avian productivity and tail feathers
(Source: Journal of Radiation Research)
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 29, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Ozaki, K. Tags: Special Issue - Fukushima Source Type: research
Hereditary effects of radioactive fallout on gall-forming aphids and the subsequent recovery process near the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant
(Source: Journal of Radiation Research)
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 29, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Akimoto, S.-i. Tags: Special Issue - Fukushima Source Type: research
Comparison of the accident process, radioactivity release and ground contamination between Chernobyl and Fukushima-1
In this report, we have reviewed the basic features of the accident processes and radioactivity releases that occurred in the Chernobyl accident (1986) and in the Fukushima-1 accident (2011). The Chernobyl accident was a power-surge accident that was caused by a failure of control of a fission chain reaction, which instantaneously destroyed the reactor and building, whereas the Fukushima-1 accident was a loss-of-coolant accident in which the reactor cores of three units were melted by decay heat after losing the electricity supply. Although the quantity of radioactive noble gases released from Fukushima-1 exceeded the amou...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 29, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Imanaka, T., Hayashi, G., Endo, S. Tags: Special Issue - Fukushima Source Type: research
Mapping of the cumulative {beta}-ray dose on the ground surface surrounding the Fukushima area
A large amount of the fission products released by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident on 11 March 2011 was deposited in a wide area from Tohoku to northern Kanto. A map of the estimated cumulative β-ray dose (70 μm dose equivalent) on the soil surface for one year after the FDNPP accident has been prepared using previously reported calculation methods and the 2-km mesh survey data by MEXT. From this map of estimated dose, areas with a high cumulative β-ray dose on the soil surface for one year after the FDNPP accident were found to be located in the Akogi-Teshichiro to Akogi-Kunugidaira...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 29, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Endo, S., Kajimoto, T., Tanaka, K., Nguyen, T. T., Hayashi, G., Imanaka, T. Tags: Special Issue - Fukushima Source Type: research
Electron probe X-ray microanalysis of boar and inobuta testes after the Fukushima accident
In conclusion, we showed that adverse radiation-induced effects were not detected in the examined boar and inobuta testes following the chronic radiation exposure associated with the FNPP accident. (Source: Journal of Radiation Research)
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 29, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Yamashiro, H., Abe, Y., Hayashi, G., Urushihara, Y., Kuwahara, Y., Suzuki, M., Kobayashi, J., Kino, Y., Fukuda, T., Tong, B., Takino, S., Sugano, Y., Sugimura, S., Yamada, T., Isogai, E., Fukumoto, M. Tags: Special Issue - Fukushima Source Type: research
A comprehensive dose evaluation project concerning animals affected by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident: its set-up and progress
It is not an exaggeration to say that, without nuclear accidents or the analysis of radiation therapy, there is no way in which we are able to quantify radiation effects on humans. Therefore, the livestock abandoned in the ex-evacuation zone and euthanized due to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FNPP) accident are extremely valuable for analyzing the environmental pollution, its biodistribution, the metabolism of radionuclides, dose evaluation and the influence of internal exposure. We, therefore, sought to establish an archive system and to open it to researchers for increasing our understanding of radiation bio...
Source: Journal of Radiation Research - January 29, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Takahashi, S., Inoue, K., Suzuki, M., Urushihara, Y., Kuwahara, Y., Hayashi, G., Shiga, S., Fukumoto, M., Kino, Y., Sekine, T., Abe, Y., Fukuda, T., Isogai, E., Yamashiro, H., Fukumoto, M. Tags: Special Issue - Fukushima Source Type: research
