Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Glycyrrhizic Acid Prevents Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury and Mortality in Rats
Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), an active ingredient in licorice, has multiple pharmacological activities. However, the effects of GA on sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) have not been determined. Tthe aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism involved in the effects of GA against sepsis-induced ALI in rats. We found that GA alleviated sepsis-induced ALI through improvements in various pathological changes, as well as decreases in the lung wet/dry weight ratio and total protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and a significant increase in the survival rate of treated rats. Additionally, GA markedly...
Source: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry - January 26, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhao, H., Zhao, M., Wang, Y., Li, F., Zhang, Z. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Optimization of Single- and Dual-Color Immunofluorescence Protocols for Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Archival Tissues
We report the development and application of procedures that allowed for the study of a unique archive of thymus tissues derived from autopsies of individuals exposed to atomic bomb radiation in Hiroshima, Japan in 1945. Multiple independent treatments were used to minimize autofluorescence and maximize fluorescent antibody signals. Treatments with NH3/EtOH and Sudan Black B were particularly useful in decreasing autofluorescent moieties present in the tissue. Deconvolution microscopy was used to further enhance the signal-to-noise ratios. Together, these techniques provide high-quality single- and dual-color fluorescent i...
Source: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry - January 26, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kajimura, J., Ito, R., Manley, N. R., Hale, L. P. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Expression of WNT5A in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Its Control by TGF-{beta} and WNT7B in Human Lung Fibroblasts
The wingless (Wnt) family of signaling ligands contributes significantly to lung development and is highly expressed in patients with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP). We sought to define the cellular distribution of Wnt5A in the lung tissue of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and the signaling ligands that control its expression in human lung fibroblasts and IPF myofibroblasts. Tissue sections from 40 patients diagnosed with IPF or UIP were probed for the immunolocalization of Wnt5A. Further, isolated lung fibroblasts from normal or IPF human lungs, adenovirally transduced for the overexpression or sile...
Source: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry - January 26, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Newman, D. R., Sills, W. S., Hanrahan, K., Ziegler, A., Tidd, K. M., Cook, E., Sannes, P. L. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Mast Cells Produce a Unique Chondroitin Sulfate Epitope
This study investigated a unique CS structure produced by mast cells that was detected with the antibody clone 2B6 in the absence of chondroitinase ABC digestion. Mast cells in rodent tissue sections were characterized using toluidine blue, Leder stain and the presence of mast cell tryptase. The novel CS epitope was identified in rodent tissue sections and localized to cells that were morphologically similar to cells chemically identified as mast cells. The rodent mast cell-like line RBL-2H3 was also shown to express the novel CS epitope. This epitope co-localized with multiple CS proteoglycans in both rodent tissue and RB...
Source: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry - January 26, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Farrugia, B. L., Whitelock, J. M., OGrady, R., Caterson, B., Lord, M. S. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Avian Podocytes, Which Lack Nephrin, Use Adherens Junction Proteins at Intercellular Junctions
Nephrin, a major intercellular junction (ICJ) molecule of mammalian podocytes in the renal glomerulus, is absent in the avian genome. We hypothesized that birds use ICJ molecules other than nephrin in their podocytes. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the possible involvement of adherens junction (AJ) proteins in the ICJs of avian podocytes. We found the AJ proteins N-cadherin and α- and β-catenins in podocytes of quail and chickens but not in those of rats, pigs or humans. The AJ proteins were prominent in avian glomerulus-rich fractions in immunoblot analyses, and in immunofluorescence microscopy an...
Source: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry - December 29, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yaoita, E., Nishimura, H., Nameta, M., Yoshida, Y., Takimoto, H., Fujinaka, H., Kawachi, H., Magdeldin, S., Zhang, Y., Xu, B., Oyama, T., Nakamura, F., Yamamoto, T. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Semi-Automated Digital Image Analysis of Picks Disease and TDP-43 Proteinopathy
Digital image analysis of histology sections provides reliable, high-throughput methods for neuropathological studies but data is scant in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), which has an added challenge of study due to morphologically diverse pathologies. Here, we describe a novel method of semi-automated digital image analysis in FTLD subtypes including: Pick’s disease (PiD, n=11) with tau-positive intracellular inclusions and neuropil threads, and TDP-43 pathology type C (FTLD-TDPC, n=10), defined by TDP-43-positive aggregates predominantly in large dystrophic neurites. To do this, we examined three FTLD-ass...
Source: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry - December 29, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Irwin, D. J., Byrne, M. D., McMillan, C. T., Cooper, F., Arnold, S. E., Lee, E. B., Van Deerlin, V. M., Xie, S. X., Lee, V. M.- Y., Grossman, M., Trojanowski, J. Q. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Long-Term Administration of High-Fat Diet Corrects Abnormal Bone Remodeling in the Tibiae of Interleukin-6-Deficient Mice
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the influence of diet-induced obesity on IL-6 deficiency-induced bone remodeling abnormality. Seven-week-old IL-6-/- mice and their wild type (WT) littermates were fed a standard diet (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 25 weeks. Lipid formation and bone metabolism in mice tibiae were investigated by histochemical analysis. Both IL-6-/- and WT mice fed the HFD showed notable body weight gain, thickened cortical bones, and adipose accumulation in the bone marrow. Notably, the HFD normalized the bone phenotype of IL-6-/- mice to that of their WT counterpart, as characterized by a decrease in b...
Source: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry - December 29, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Feng, W., Liu, B., Liu, D., Hasegawa, T., Wang, W., Han, X., Cui, J., Yimin, , Oda, K., Amizuka, N., Li, M. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

SPINT2 Deregulation in Prostate Carcinoma
SPINT2 is a tumor suppressor gene that inhibits proteases implicated in cancer progression, like HGFA, hepsin and matriptase. Loss of SPINT2 expression in tumors has been associated with gene promoter hypermethylation; however, little is known about the mechanisms of SPINT2 deregulation in prostate cancer (PCa). We aimed to analyze SPINT2 expression levels and understand the possible regulation by SPINT2 promoter hypermethylation in PCa. In a cohort of 57 cases including non-neoplastic and PCa tissues, SPINT2 expression and promoter methylation was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and methylation-specific PCR, respectively...
Source: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry - December 29, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Pereira, M. S., de Almeida, G. C., Pinto, F., Viana-Pereira, M., Reis, R. M. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Disaccharides Protect Antigens from Drying-Induced Damage in Routinely Processed Tissue Sections
Drying of the tissue section, partial or total, during immunostaining negatively affects both the staining of tissue antigens and the ability to remove previously deposited antibody layers, particularly during sequential rounds of de-staining and re-staining for multiple antigens. The cause is a progressive loss of the protein-associated water up to the removal of the non-freezable water, a step which abolishes the immunoavailability of the epitope. In order to describe and prevent these adverse effects, we tested, among other substances, sugars, which are known to protect unicellular organisms from freezing and dehydratio...
Source: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry - December 29, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Boi, G., Scalia, C. R., Gendusa, R., Ronchi, S., Cattoretti, G. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Enhanced Expression of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 IIIc Promotes Human Esophageal Carcinoma Cell Proliferation
Deregulated expression of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) and their ligands plays critical roles in tumorigenesis. The gene expression of an alternatively spliced isoforms of FGFR3, FGFR3IIIc, was analyzed by RT-PCR in samples from patients with esophageal carcinoma (EC), including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and adenocarcinoma (EAC). The incidence of FGFR3IIIc was higher in EC [12/16 (75%); p=0.073] than in non-cancerous mucosa (NCM) [6/16 (38%)]. Indeed, an immunohistochemical analysis of early-stage ESCC showed that carcinoma cells expressing FGFR3IIIc stained positively with SCC-112, a tumor ma...
Source: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry - December 29, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ueno, N., Shimizu, A., Kanai, M., Iwaya, Y., Ueda, S., Nakayama, J., Seo, M. K. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Time Advances, People and Language Change, but the Fundamentals Remain the Same
(Source: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry)
Source: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry - December 29, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hewitt, S. M. Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Correlative Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy for Observing the Three-Dimensional Ultrastructure of Membranous Cell Organelles in Relation to Their Molecular Components
Although the osmium maceration method has been used to observe three-dimensional (3D) structures of membranous cell organelles with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the use of osmium tetroxide for membrane fixation and the removal of cytosolic soluble proteins largely impairs the antigenicity of molecules in the specimens. In the present study, we developed a novel method to combine cryosectioning with the maceration method for correlative immunocytochemical analysis. We first immunocytochemically stained a semi-thin cryosection cut from a pituitary tissue block with a cryo-ultramicrotome, according to the Tokuyasu meth...
Source: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry - November 25, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Koga, D., Kusumi, S., Bochimoto, H., Watanabe, T., Ushiki, T. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Correlation of Versican Expression, Accumulation, and Degradation during Embryonic Development by Quantitative Immunohistochemistry
Versican, a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, is important in embryonic development, and disruption of the versican gene is embryonically lethal in the mouse. Although several studies show that versican is increased in various organs during development, a focused quantitative study on versican expression and distribution during lung and central nervous system development in the mouse has not previously been performed. We tracked changes in versican (Vcan) gene expression and in the accumulation and degradation of versican. Vcan expression and quantitative immunohistochemistry performed from embryonic day (E) 11.5 to E15.5 ...
Source: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry - November 25, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Snyder, J. M., Washington, I. M., Birkland, T., Chang, M. Y., Frevert, C. W. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Immunocytochemical Evidence for Golgi Vesicle Involvement in Milk Fat Globule Secretion
The exact mechanism of secretion of the milk fat globule (MFG) from the mammary secretory cell is still controversial. We have previously suggested close involvement of Golgi vesicles in this process. This paper provides direct immunocytochemical evidence that butyrophilin is present in the Golgi stack and vesicles in ovine and caprine mammary glands. We suggest that it is the butyrophilin in the Golgi vesicle membrane that forms the specific association with the adipophilin on the lipid surface in the cytoplasm. Exocytosis of the associated Golgi vesicle will then initiate the process of MFG secretion. Further exocytosis ...
Source: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry - November 25, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wooding, F. B. P., Sargeant, T. J. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Endothelial Fas-Ligand in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and in Acute Appendicitis
Fas-mediated induction of apoptosis is a major factor in the selection of lymphocytes and downregulation of immunological processes. In the present study, we have assessed endothelial Fas-ligand (FasL) expression in normal human ileum, appendix, and colon, and compared the expression levels with that in inflammatory bowel disease and in acute appendicitis. In a normal appendix, endothelial FasL levels were constant in almost half of the mucosal vessels; but, in the normal ileum and colon, endothelial FasL was practically restricted to areas in close proximity to lymphatic follicles, and was expressed mainly in the submucos...
Source: Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry - November 25, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kokkonen, T. S., Karttunen, T. J. Tags: Articles Source Type: research