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Glia, Ahead of Print. (Source: Glia)
Source: Glia - February 23, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Astrocytes sustain long ‐term productive HIV‐1 infection without establishment of reactivable viral latency
Abstract
The “shock and kill” HIV‐1 cure strategy proposes eradication of stable cellular reservoirs by clinical treatment with latency‐reversing agents (LRAs). Although resting CD4+ T cells latently infected with HIV‐1 constitute the main reservoir that is targeted by these approaches, their consequences on other reservoirs such as the central nervous system are still unknown and should be taken into consideration. We performed experiments aimed at defining the possible role of astrocytes in HIV‐1 persistence in the brain and the effect of LRA treatments on this viral sanctuary. We first demonstrate that the d...
Source: Glia - February 21, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Corinne Barat, Aliz é Proust, Alexandre Deshiere, Mathieu Leboeuf, Jean Drouin, Michel J. Tremblay Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Astrocytes sustain long ‐term productive HIV‐1 infection without establishment of reactivable viral latency
Glia, EarlyView. (Source: Glia)
Source: Glia - February 21, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Glioma infiltration and extracellular matrix: key players and modulators
Glia, EarlyView. (Source: Glia)
Source: Glia - February 21, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
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Glia, Ahead of Print. (Source: Glia)
Source: Glia - February 21, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Glioma infiltration and extracellular matrix: key players and modulators
Abstract
An outstanding characteristic of gliomas is their infiltration into brain parenchyma, a property that impairs complete surgical resection; consequently, these tumors might recur, resulting in a high mortality rate. Gliomas invade along preferential routes, such as those along white matter tracts and in the perineuronal and perivascular spaces. Brain extracellular components and their partners and modulators play a crucial role in glioma cell invasion. This review presents an extensive survey of the literature, showing how the brain extracellular matrix (ECM) is modulated during the glioma infiltration process. We ...
Source: Glia - February 21, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Val éria Pereira Ferrer, Vivaldo Moura Neto, Rolf Mentlein Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
Semaphorin4A and H ‐ferritin utilize Tim‐1 on human oligodendrocytes: A novel neuro‐immune axis
Abstract
Deficiency of trophic factors relating to the survival of oligodendrocytes, combined with direct interactions with the immune system, are favored paradigms that are increasingly implicated in demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system. We and others have previously shown that Sema4A and H‐ferritin interact through the T‐cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain (Tim‐2) receptor in mice. H‐ferritin has been identified as the iron delivery protein for oligodendrocytes, whereas Sema4A causes a direct cytotoxic effect. However, the expression of Tim‐2 has not been detected in humans. Here, we demonstrat...
Source: Glia - February 19, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Brian Chiou, Elisabeth Lucassen, Michael Sather, Asha Kallianpur, James Connor Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Semaphorin4A and H ‐ferritin utilize Tim‐1 on human oligodendrocytes: A novel neuro‐immune axis
Glia, EarlyView. (Source: Glia)
Source: Glia - February 19, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
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Glia, Ahead of Print. (Source: Glia)
Source: Glia - February 19, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
MicroRNA ‐365 modulates astrocyte conversion into neuron in adult rat brain after stroke by targeting Pax6
Abstract
Reactive astrocytes induced by ischemia can transdifferentiate into mature neurons. This neurogenic potential of astrocytes may have therapeutic value for brain injury. Epigenetic modifications are widely known to involve in developmental and adult neurogenesis. PAX6, a neurogenic fate determinant, contributes to the astrocyte‐to‐neuron conversion. However, it is unclear whether microRNAs (miRs) modulate PAX6‐mediated astrocyte‐to‐neuron conversion. In the present study we used bioinformatic approaches to predict miRs potentially targeting Pax6, and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to mo...
Source: Glia - February 16, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Jia ‐Lin Mo, Qi Liu, Zeng‐Wei Kou, Kun‐Wei Wu, Ping Yang, Xian‐Hua Chen, Feng‐Yan Sun Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
MicroRNA ‐365 modulates astrocyte conversion into neuron in adult rat brain after stroke by targeting Pax6
Glia, EarlyView. (Source: Glia)
Source: Glia - February 16, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
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Glia, Ahead of Print. (Source: Glia)
Source: Glia - February 16, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Issue Information ‐ Table of Contents
(Source: Glia)
Source: Glia - February 14, 2018 Category: Neurology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION ‐ TABLE OF CONTENTS Source Type: research
Activating transcription factor 6 α deficiency exacerbates oligodendrocyte death and myelin damage in immune‐mediated demyelinating diseases
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) play a critical role in immune‐mediated demyelinating diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), by regulating the viability of oligodendrocytes. Our previous studies show that activation of the PERK branch of the UPR protects myelinating oligodendrocytes against ER stress in young, developing mice that express IFN‐γ, a key pro‐inflammatory cytokine in MS and EAE, in the CNS. Several studies also demonstrate that PERK activation preserves oligodendrocyte viability ...
Source: Glia - February 13, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Sarrabeth Stone, Shuangchan Wu, Stephanie Jamison, Wilaiwan Durose, Jean Pierre Pallais, Wensheng Lin Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
