Plaque ‐dependent morphological and electrophysiological heterogeneity of microglia in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model
Abstract
Microglia, the central nervous system resident innate immune cells, cluster around Aβ plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The activation phenotype of these plaque‐associated microglial cells, and their differences to microglia distant to Aβ plaques, are incompletely understood. We used novel three‐dimensional cell analysis software to comprehensively analyze the morphological properties of microglia in the TgCRND8 mouse model of AD in spatial relation to Aβ plaques. We found strong morphological changes exclusively in plaque‐associated microglia, whereas plaque‐distant microglia showed only minor chang...
Source: Glia - March 1, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Monika Plescher, Gerald Seifert, Jan Niklas Hansen, Peter Bedner, Christian Steinh äuser, Annett Halle Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
2 ‐AG limits Theiler's virus induced acute neuroinflammation by modulating microglia and promoting MDSCs
Abstract
The innate immune response is mediated by primary immune modulators such as cytokines and chemokines that together with immune cells and resident glia orchestrate CNS immunity and inflammation. Growing evidence supports that the endocannabinoid 2‐arachidonoylglycerol (2‐AG) exerts protective actions in CNS injury models. Here, we used the acute phase of Theiler's virus induced demyelination disease (TMEV‐IDD) as a model of acute neuroinflammation to investigate whether 2‐AG modifies the brain innate immune responses to TMEV and CNS leukocyte trafficking. 2‐AG or the inhibition of its hydrolysis diminishe...
Source: Glia - February 27, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Miriam Mecha, Ana Feli ú, Isabel Machín, Cesar Cordero, Francisco Carrillo‐Salinas, Leyre Mestre, Gloria Hernández‐Torres, Silvia Ortega‐Gutiérrez, María L López‐Rodríguez, Fernando de Castro, Diego Clemente, Carmen Guaza Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
2 ‐AG limits Theiler's virus induced acute neuroinflammation by modulating microglia and promoting MDSCs
Glia, EarlyView. (Source: Glia)
Source: Glia - February 27, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
---
Glia, Ahead of Print. (Source: Glia)
Source: Glia - February 27, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Localization of the cannabinoid type ‐1 receptor in subcellular astrocyte compartments of mutant mouse hippocampus
Abstract
Astroglial type‐1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptors are involved in synaptic transmission, plasticity and behavior by interfering with the so‐called tripartite synapse formed by pre‐ and post‐synaptic neuronal elements and surrounding astrocyte processes. However, little is known concerning the subcellular distribution of astroglial CB1 receptors. In particular, brain CB1 receptors are mostly localized at cells' plasmalemma, but recent evidence indicates their functional presence in mitochondrial membranes. Whether CB1 receptors are present in astroglial mitochondria has remained unknown. To investigate this iss...
Source: Glia - February 26, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Ana Guti érrez‐Rodríguez, Itziar Bonilla‐Del Río, Nagore Puente, Sonia M. Gómez‐Urquijo, Christine J. Fontaine, Jon Egaña‐Huguet, Izaskun Elezgarai, Sabine Ruehle, Beat Lutz, Laurie M. Robin, Edgar Soria‐Gómez, Luigi Bellocchio, Jalindar D Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Localization of the cannabinoid type ‐1 receptor in subcellular astrocyte compartments of mutant mouse hippocampus
Glia, EarlyView. (Source: Glia)
Source: Glia - February 26, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
---
Glia, Ahead of Print. (Source: Glia)
Source: Glia - February 26, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
N ‐myc downstream‐regulated gene 2 protects blood–brain barrier integrity following cerebral ischemia
Abstract
Disruption of the blood‐brain barrier (BBB) following cerebral ischemia is closely related to the infiltration of peripheral cells into the brain, progression of lesion formation, and clinical exacerbation. However, the mechanism that regulates BBB integrity, especially after permanent ischemia, remains unclear. Here, we present evidence that astrocytic N‐myc downstream‐regulated gene 2 (NDRG2), a differentiation‐ and stress‐associated molecule, may function as a modulator of BBB permeability following ischemic stroke, using a mouse model of permanent cerebral ischemia. Immunohistological analysis showed...
Source: Glia - February 24, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Mika Takarada ‐Iemata, Akifumi Yoshikawa, Hieu Minh Ta, Nahoko Okitani, Takumi Nishiuchi, Yasuhiro Aida, Tomoya Kamide, Tsuyoshi Hattori, Hiroshi Ishii, Takashi Tamatani, Thuong Manh Le, Jureepon Roboon, Yasuko Kitao, Tomohiro Matsuyama, Mitsutoshi Naka Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
N ‐myc downstream‐regulated gene 2 protects blood–brain barrier integrity following cerebral ischemia
Glia, EarlyView. (Source: Glia)
Source: Glia - February 24, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Glia in brain energy metabolism: A perspective
Glia, EarlyView. (Source: Glia)
Source: Glia - February 24, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
---
Glia, Ahead of Print. (Source: Glia)
Source: Glia - February 24, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
Glia in brain energy metabolism: A perspective
Abstract
Early views of glia as relatively inert, housekeeping cells have evolved, and glia are now recognized as dynamic cells that not only respond to neuronal activity but also sense metabolic changes and regulate neuronal metabolism. This evolution has been aided in part by technical advances permitting progressively better spatial and temporal resolution. Recent advances in cell‐type specific genetic manipulation and sub‐cellular metabolic probes promise to further this evolution by enabling study of metabolic interactions between intertwined fine neuronal and glial processes in vivo. Views of glia in disease proc...
Source: Glia - February 24, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: L. Felipe Barros, Angus Brown, Raymond A. Swanson Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research
NGF steers microglia toward a neuroprotective phenotype
Microglia are the sentinels of the brain but a clear understanding of the factors that modulate their activation in physiological and pathological conditions is still lacking. Here we demonstrate that Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) acts on microglia by steering them toward a neuroprotective and anti‐inflammatory phenotype. We show that microglial cells express functional NGF receptors in vitro and ex vivo. Our transcriptomic analysis reveals how, in primary microglia, NGF treatment leads to a modulation of motility, phagocytosis and degradation pathways. At the functional level, NGF induces an increase in membrane dynamics an...
Source: Glia - February 23, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Caterina Rizzi, Alexia Tiberi, Michela Giustizieri, Maria Cristina Marrone, Francesco Gobbo, Nicola Maria Carucci, Giovanni Meli, Ivan Arisi, Mara D'Onofrio, Silvia Marinelli, Simona Capsoni, Antonino Cattaneo Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
NGF steers microglia toward a neuroprotective phenotype
Glia, EarlyView. (Source: Glia)
Source: Glia - February 23, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
