Dose reduction of high-dose first-generation antipsychotics or switch to ziprasidone in long-stay patients with schizophrenia: A 1-year double-blind randomized clinical trial
Long-stay patients with severe schizophrenia are frequently treated with high doses of first-generation antipsychotics (FGA). Dose reduction or switching to ziprasidone may reduce the severity of negative symptoms and side effects.We investigated in a randomized double-blind trial whether a dose-reduction strategy to achieve an adequate dose of a FGA (5 mg/day haloperidol equivalents, n = 24) or switching to ziprasidone (160 mg/day, n = 24) in treatment resistant patients would decrease negative symptoms after 1 year of treatment. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - July 16, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jan P.A.M. Bogers, Peter F.J. Schulte, Theo G. Broekman, Peter Moleman, Lieuwe de Haan Source Type: research
Peripheral blood SIRT1 mRNA levels in depression and treatment with electroconvulsive therapy
Sirtuins are a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) dependent enzymes that regulate cellular functions through deacetylation of protein targets. They have roles in both the periphery and central nervous system and have been implicated in depression biology. A recent genome-wide association study has identified a locus for major depression in the Sirtuin1 gene (SIRT1) and lower blood levels of SIRT1 mRNA in patients with depression have also been observed in two studies. To our knowledge, no studies have examined the effect of treatment on SIRT1 levels in patients with depression. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - July 15, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Claire L. McGrory, Karen M. Ryan, Erik Kolshus, Martha Finnegan, Declan M. McLoughlin Source Type: research
Abnormal serum potassium levels and 6-month all-cause mortality in patients co-treated with antipsychotic and diuretic drugs – A Danish register-based cohort study
This study examined the relationship between serum potassium levels and risk of all-cause mortality in patients co-treated with antipsychotic and diuretic drugs. Using a register-based cohort design, we identified patients between 1995 and 2012 who received a combination of an antipsychotic and a diuretic drug and who further had a serum potassium measurement within 90 days. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - July 15, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Mette Marcussen, Christoffer Polcwiartek, Elisabeth Helen Anna Mills, Fia Jirback, Pernille Bylin, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Peter S øgaard, Kristian Kragholm Source Type: research
The affinity of antipsychotic drugs to dopamine and serotonin 5-HT2 receptors determines their effects on prefrontal-striatal functional connectivity
One of the major challenges of cross-species translation in psychiatry is the identification of quantifiable brain phenotypes linked to drug efficacy and/or side effects. A measure that has received increasing interest is the effect of antipsychotic drugs on resting-state functional connectivity (FC) in magnetic resonance imaging. However, quantitative comparisons of antipsychotic drug-induced alterations of FC patterns are missing. Consideration of receptor binding affinities provides a means for the effects of antipsychotic drugs on extended brain networks to be related directly to their molecular mechanism of action. (S...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - July 10, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: F. Tollens, N. Gass, R. Becker, A.J. Schwarz, C. Risterucci, B. K ünnecke, P. Lebhardt, J. Reinwald, M. Sack, W. Weber-Fahr, A. Meyer-Lindenberg, A. Sartorius Source Type: research
12-week double-blind randomized multicenter study of efficacy and safety of agomelatine (25 –50 mg/day) versus escitalopram (10–20 mg/day) in out-patients with severe generalized anxiety disorder
Treatment of severely symptomatic patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) raises particular concerns for clinicians.This 12-week double-blind study evaluated the efficacy of agomelatine (25 –50 mg/day) in the treatment of patients with severe GAD, using escitalopram (10–20 mg) as active comparator. The primary outcome measure was the change from baseline of the total score on the Hamilton Anxiety scale (HAM-A) at week 12. Secondary outcome measures included rate of response to treatment (at least 50% score reduction from baseline) in the HAM-A psychic and somatic anxiety sub-scores, Clinical Global Impress...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - July 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Dan J. Stein, Jon-Paul Khoo, Antti Ahokas, Marek Jarema, Michael. Van Ameringen, Livia Vavrusova, Cyril H ӧschl, Michael Bauer, Istvan Bitter, Sergey N. Mosolov, Valérie Olivier, Sophie Matharan, Françoise Picarel-Blanchot, Christian de Bodinat Source Type: research
On the effects of tyrosine supplementation on interference control in a randomized, double-blind placebo-control trial
Exerting cognitive control is an effortful endeavor that is strongly modulated by the availability of dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE), which are both synthesized from the amino acid precursor tyrosine. Supplementing tyrosine may increase the synthesis of both catecholamines. This has been suggested to improve executive functioning and potentially even counteract depletion effects in this domain. Yet, it has remained unclear whether tyrosine also improves interference control and whether subliminally and consciously triggered response conflicts are subject to the same modulation. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - July 3, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ann-Kathrin Stock, Lorenza Colzato, Christian Beste Source Type: research
Rapid antidepressant effect of S-ketamine in schizophrenia
Rapid anti-suicidal and antidepressant effects of ketamine have repeatedly been confirmed in unipolar and bipolar depression. Although meaningful antidepressant efficacy of ketamine has also been shown in depressed patients with a history of psychotic symptoms, its administration in psychotic disorders has largely been neglected due to its potential to exacerbate dissociative or psychotic symptoms. Presenting a case of a young female inpatient suffering from schizophrenia with a severe post-psychotic depression, we demonstrate a robust anti-suicidal and antidepressant effect of S-ketamine infusions administered thrice week...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - July 3, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Lucie Bartova, Konstantinos Papageorgiou, Ivan Milenkovic, Markus Dold, Ana Weidenauer, Matthaeus Willeit, Dietmar Winkler, Siegfried Kasper Tags: SHORT COMMUNICATION Source Type: research
Chronic exposure to cannabinoids before an emotional trauma may have negative effects on emotional function
The most common self-reported reason for using cannabis is rooted in its ability to reduce feelings of stress. Research has documented elevated rates of cannabis use among individuals with trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It has been suggested that PTSD patients exhibit a coping-oriented use of cannabis (i.e., self-medication hypothesis) which explains their high prevalence of cannabis use. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - July 2, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Brenda Sbarski, Irit Akirav Source Type: research
Etifoxine impairs neither alertness nor cognitive functions of the elderly: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study
Etifoxine hydrochloride (Stresam ®), a treatment indicated for psychosomatic manifestations of anxiety, could be an alternative to benzodiazepines. While no impact on alertness and cognitive functions has been proven among youth, data on elderly are lacking. The primary objective of this study was to measure the impact of etifoxin e, lorazepam or placebo on alertness in the elderly. The secondary objectives were to evaluate cognitive performances and adverse effects. In this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, 3-way crossover design, 30 healthy volunteers aged 65 to 75 years underwent three one-day sessions. (So...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - July 2, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: D. Deplanque, F. Machuron, N. Waucquier, E. Jozefowicz, S. Duhem, S. Somers, O. Colin, A. Duhamel, R. Bordet Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - July 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
ECNP Calendar of Meetings
(Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - July 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Contents
(Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - July 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Effect of cytochrome CYP2C19 metabolizing activity on antidepressant response and side effects: Meta-analysis of data from genome-wide association studies
Cytochrome (CYP) P450 enzymes have a primary role in antidepressant metabolism and variants in these polymorphic genes are targets for pharmacogenetic investigation. This is the first meta-analysis to investigate how CYP2C19 polymorphisms predict citalopram/escitalopram efficacy and side effects.CYP2C19 metabolic phenotypes comprise poor metabolizers (PM), intermediate and intermediate+ metabolizers (IM; IM+), extensive and extensive+ metabolizers (EM [wild type]; EM+) and ultra-rapid metabolizers (UM) defined by the two most common CYP2C19 functional polymorphisms (rs4244285 and rs12248560) in Caucasians. (Source: Europea...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 28, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Chiara Fabbri, Katherine E. Tansey, Roy H. Perlis, Joanna Hauser, Neven Henigsberg, Wolfgang Maier, Ole Mors, Anna Placentino, Marcella Rietschel, Daniel Souery, Gerome Breen, Charles Curtis, Sang-Hyuk Lee, Stephen Newhouse, Hamel Patel, Michael O'Donovan Source Type: research
Intoxicated aggression: Do alcohol and stimulants cause dose-related aggression? A review
Violence and drug use are significant public health challenges that are strongly linked. It is known that alcohol plays a major role in the causation of unnatural deaths and that stimulants like cocaine and amphetamine are often implicated in aggressive acts or violence. However, a clear causal relationship between these substances and aggression, and more specifically a blood concentration threshold at which intoxicated aggression emerges is lacking. In case of a crime and subsequent law enforcement, knowledge about dose-response relationships could be of pivotal importance when evaluating the role of alcohol and drugs in...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 23, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: KPC Kuypers, RJ Verkes, W van den Brink, JGC van Amsterdam, JG Ramaekers Source Type: research
Electroencephalographic biomarkers as predictors of methylphenidate response in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
This study aimed to replicate and extend previous EEG biomarkers. The international Study to Predict Optimized Treatment for ADHD (iSPOT-A), a multi-center, international, prospective open-label trial, enrolled 336 children and adolescents with ADHD (11.9 yrs; 245 males; prescribed methylphenidate) and 158 healthy children. Treatment response was established after six weeks using the clinician rated ADHD-Rating Scale-IV. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 22, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Martijn Arns, Madelon A. Vollebregt, Donna Palmer, Chris Spooner, Evian Gordon, Michael Kohn, Simon Clarke, Glen R. Elliott, Jan K. Buitelaar Source Type: research
