Differential anxiety-related behaviours and brain activation in Tph2-deficient female mice exposed to adverse early environment
Anxiety disorders represent one of the most prevalent mental disorders in today's society and early adversity has been identified as major contributor to anxiety-related pathologies. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is implicated in mediating the effects of early-life events on anxiety-like behaviours. In order to further elucidate the interaction of genetic predisposition and adversity in early, developmental stages on anxiety-related behaviours, the current study employed tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (Tph2) –deficient female mice, as a model for lifelong brain 5-HT synthesis deficiency. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - August 23, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Charlotte S Auth, Magdalena T Weidner, Sandy Popp, Tatyana Strekalova, Angelika G Schmitt-B öhrer, Daniel LA van den Hove, Klaus-Peter Lesch, Jonas Waider Source Type: research
Adjunctive S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) in treating non-remittent major depressive disorder: An 8-week double-blind, randomized, controlled trial,
This study assessed whether S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), a methyl donor that occurs naturally in the body, may be of such benefit. We conducted an 8-week, double-blind RCT in which 107 treatment non-remittent outpatients with DSM-5 diagnosed Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) were randomized to either SAMe or placebo adjunctively to antidepressants. One-carbon cycle nutrients, pertinent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and BDNF were also analysed as potential moderators of response. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - August 14, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jerome Sarris, Gerard J. Byrne, Chad Bousman, Con Stough, Jenifer Murphy, Patricia MacDonald, Laura Adams, Sonia Nazareth, Georgina Oliver, Lachlan Cribb, Karen Savage, Ranjit Menon, Suneel Chamoli, Michael Berk, Chee Ng, David Mischoulon Source Type: research
Common and distinct patterns of abnormal cortical gyrification in major depression and borderline personality disorder
In this study, we used structural MRI at 3T to investigate the local gyrification index (LGI), a marker of fetal/infant neurodevelopment, in adult female patients with MDD (n = 22), in adult female patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) (n = 17), and in controls (n = 22). (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - August 14, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Malte S. Depping, Philipp A. Thomann, Nadine D. Wolf, Nenad Vasic, Zrinka Sosic-Vasic, Mike M. Schmitgen, Fabio Sambataro, Robert C. Wolf Source Type: research
A neurobiological pathway to smoking in adolescence: TTC12-ANKK1-DRD2 variants and reward response
The TTC12-ANKK1-DRD2 gene-cluster has been implicated in adult smoking. Here, we investigated the contribution of individual genes in the TTC12-ANKK1-DRD2 cluster in smoking and their association with smoking-associated reward processing in adolescence. A meta-analysis of TTC12-ANKK1-DRD2 variants and self-reported smoking behaviours was performed in four European adolescent cohorts (N = 14,084). The minor G-allele of rs2236709, mapping TTC12, was associated with self-reported smoking (p = 5.0 × 10−4) and higher plasma cotinine levels (p = 7.0 × 10−5). (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - August 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Christine Macare, Francesca Ducci, Yuning Zhang, Barbara Ruggeri, Tianye Jia, Marika Kaakinen, Gursharan Kalsi, Pimphen Charoen, Filippo Casoni, Jan Peters, Uli Bromberg, Matthew Hill, Jessica Buxton, Alexandra Blakemore, Juha Veijola, Christian B üchel, Source Type: research
The dynamic relationship between insight and suicidal behavior in first episode psychosis patients over 3-year follow-up
Studies have established the high risk of suicide in first episode psychosis (FEP). Between 15% and 26% of FEP patients attempt suicide at least once before their first contact with psychiatric services and 2 –5% die from suicide. Also, many patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders lack insight into having a mental disorder. However, the relationship between insight changes and suicidal behavior in FEP remains poorly understood. In the present study information about suicidal behavior over a 3 ye ars period was available on a cohort of 397 FEP patients, of whom 270 were assessed in the three dimensions of insight (...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - August 8, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Rosa Ayesa-Arriola, Jose Mar ía Pelayo Terán, Javier David López Moríñigo, Manuel Canal Rivero, Esther Setién-Suero, Susana Al-Halabi, Manuel J. Cuesta, Anthony S. David, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro Source Type: research
Sweet taste potentiates the reinforcing effects of e-cigarettes
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are becoming increasingly popular. The popularity of fruit flavors among e-cigarette users suggests that sweet taste may contribute to e-cigarette appeal. We therefore tested whether sweet taste potentiates the reinforcing effects of nicotine. Using a conditioning paradigm adapted to study e-cigarettes, we tested whether exposure to flavored e-cigarettes containing nicotine plus sweet taste would be more reinforcing than unsweetened e-cigarettes. Sixteen light cigarette smokers smoked 4 distinctly colored e-cigarettes containing sweetened and unsweetened flavors with or without nicotine...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - August 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Nils B. Kroemer, Maria G. Veldhuizen, Roberta Delvy, Barkha P. Patel, Stephanie S. O'Malley, Dana M. Small Source Type: research
Network-based drug repositioning: A novel strategy for discovering potential antidepressants and their mode of action
Current target-oriented paradigm for novel antidepressant discovery has been difficult to succeed and the failures always bring huge economic losses. Although abundant ledge of disease related genes and drug action targets has been accumulated, the successful application of the knowledge for new drug discovery is limited. Here, we predicted and validated potential antidepressants and molecular targets from DrugBank recorded drugs using a novel network-based drug repositioning approach. This approach predicted relationships between drug and targets through network-based integration of drug chemical similarity, therapeutic s...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - August 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ting-Ting Zhang, Rui Xue, Xin Wang, Shi-Wen Zhao, Lei An, Yun-Feng Li, You-Zhi Zhang, Shao Li Source Type: research
Serotonin transporter occupancy by the SSRI citalopram predicts default-mode network connectivity
The default mode network (DMN) is an important connectivity hub, and alterations may play a role in the pathophysiology of several neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite the growing body of research on DMN (dys)function, the underlying neurochemical substrate remains to be elucidated. The serotonergic neurotransmitter system has been suggested to play a substantial role in modulating the DMN. Therefore, we investigated the association between serotonin transporter (SERT) occupancy by the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram and DMN functional connectivity. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - August 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Anouk Schrantee, Paul J Lucassen, Jan Booij, Liesbeth Reneman Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
The effects of synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) on brain structure and function
There is an increasing worldwide use of new types of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) which contain various psychoactive compounds (Zawilska, 2011; Weinstein et al., 2017). Some of these NPS contain synthetic cannabinoid (SC) compounds that are marketed as a natural herbal mixture under different brand names (Fattore and Fratta, 2011). However, when consumed, they produce various adverse effects that are similar to the effects of cannabis (Seely et al., 2012). Moreover, SC drugs contain other psychoactive substances, of which some are unknown (Fattore and Fratta, 2011). (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - August 3, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: A. Livny, K. Cohen, N. Tik, G. Tsarfaty, P. Rosca, A. Weinstein Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - August 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
ECNP Calendar of Meetings
(Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - August 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Seasonality-resilient individuals downregulate their cerebral 5-HT transporter binding in winter – A longitudinal combined 11C-DASB and 11C-SB207145 PET study
We have recently shown that the emergence and severity of seasonal affective disorder (SAD) symptoms in the winter is associated with an increase in cerebral serotonin (5-HT) transporter (SERT) binding. Intriguingly, we also found that individuals resilient to SAD downregulate their cerebral SERT binding in the winter. In the present paper, we provide an analysis of the SERT- and 5-HT dynamics as indexed by 5-HT4 receptor (5-HT4R) binding related to successful stress coping. We included 46 11C-DASB positron emission tomography (PET) scans (N = 23, 13 women, age: 26 ± 6 years) and 14 11C-SB207145 PET scans (7 partic...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - August 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Brenda Mc Mahon, Martin N ørgaard, Claus Svarer, Sofie B. Andersen, Martin K. Madsen, William F.C. Baaré, Jacob Madsen, Vibe G. Frokjaer, Gitte M. Knudsen Source Type: research
Distinguishing the efficacy and sedative effects of guanfacine extended release in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
The present study investigated whether symptom reduction in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treated with guanfacine extended release (GXR) can be explained by sedative effects of the medication. Data from four double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trials of GXR monotherapy (1 –7 mg/day; morning administration) in children (aged 6–12 years) and adolescents (aged 13–17 years) with ADHD were analyzed post hoc. Two studies used forced-dose titration and two used flexible-dose titration. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - July 29, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Michael Huss, Keith McBurnett, Andrew J. Cutler, Amaia Herv ás, Caleb Bliss, Joseph Gao, Bryan Dirks, Jeffrey H. Newcorn Source Type: research
New approaches in psychiatric drug development
Numerous novel neuroscience-based drug targets have been identified in recent years. However, it remains unclear how these targets relate to the expression of symptoms in central nervous system (CNS) disorders in general and psychiatric disorders in particular. To discuss this issue, a New Frontiers Meetings of European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP) was organized to address the challenges in translational neuroscience research that are impeding the effective development of new treatments. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - July 25, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Thalia F. van der Doef, Silvia Zaragoza Domingo, Gabriel E. Jacobs, Wayne C. Drevets, Hugh M. Marston, Pradeep J. Nathan, Maria B. Tome, Carol A. Tamminga, Joop M.A. van Gerven, Martien J.H. Kas Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
Visual and auditory emotion recognition problems as familial cross-disorder phenomenon in ASD and ADHD
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are frequently comorbid disorders. Emotion recognition problems are considered an important familial deficit in ASD, but this is unknown in ADHD. Very few studies have directly compared emotion recognition performance of youth with ASD and/or ADHD and of their unaffected siblings across age to quantify the contribution of emotion recognition problems to the ADHD phenotype. We therefore devised a study of 64 ASD+ADHD participants, 89 ASD-only participants, 111 ADHD-only participants, 122 unaffected ASD(+ADHD) siblings, 69 unaffected ADHD-only...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - July 25, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Francesca Waddington, Catharina Hartman, Yvette de Bruijn, Martijn Lappenschaar, Anoek Oerlemans, Jan Buitelaar, Barbara Franke, Nanda Rommelse Source Type: research
