Factors influencing recruitment to a uk randomised controlled treatment trial; the role of patient-preference
Recruitment to target is a major challenge for randomised controlled treatment trials (RCTs) in psychiatry. Strong patient preference may hamper recruitment of protocol-eligible participants, thereby compromising statistical power and limiting the external validity and generalisability of study findings to target populations. The Optimal Treatment in OCD (OTO) is a UK non-placebo feasibility trial of CBT and sertraline (two standard treatments) and their combination, randomly allocated, designed to ascertain the optimal community-based treatment for OCD. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ricky A Sachdev, Srinivas Gopi, Karen Irvine, Yana Varlakova, Thanusha Balakumar, Jasmine Hanson, Sukhwinder Kaur, Virender Marwah, Jemma Reid, Sonia Shahper, Sally Otto, Solange Wyatt, Davis Mpavenda, David M Wellsted, Tim M Gale, Naomi A Fineberg Source Type: research
Exploring sociodemographic and clinical correlates of older adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a report from the international college of obsessive-compulsive disorders (icocs)
Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and disabling condition, often showing an early onset (1). OCD has been extensively studied in adults, adolescents, and children, but a critial gap remains in the clinical characterization of older patients (2). The present study was aimed to assess prevalence of geriatric OCD (G-OCD ≥ 65 years) and associated sociodemographic and clinical correlates of geriatric OCD in a large international sample of OCD patients. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Beatrice Benatti, Bernardo Dell ’Osso, Carolyn I. Rodriguez, Chiara Arici, Carlotta Palazzo, A. Carlo Altamura, Eric Hollander, Naomi Fineberg, Dan J Stein, Humberto Nicolini, Nuria Lanzagorta, Donatella Marazziti, Stefano Pallanti, Michael Van Ameringe Source Type: research
Enhancing cognitive-behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder with transcranic magnetic stimulation: a proof of concept
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a well established first line treatment for obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). It consists of a cognitive and a behavioral treatment (exposure and response prevention therapy (ERP)) [1]. The goal of the cognitive treatment is the cognitive restructuring of meta-cognitions while the goal of exposure therapy is enhancing and facilitating patients ’ fear extinction processes in front of the feared object, situation or thought/obsession. Several studies have tried to enhance fear extinction through pharmacological agents with mixed results [2]. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: G. Grassi, S. Pacini, C. Cecchelli, S Pallanti Source Type: research
Blood levels of treatment resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder patients prescribed supra-normal dosages of sertraline
This study examined the blood levels of Sertraline in patients with profound, refractory Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and who were prescribed dosages in excess of recommended limits. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Robert Vaughan, Claire O ’Donnell, Lynne M. Drummond Source Type: research
Difficulty in disengaging attention from washing stimuli in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Attentional bias to various stimuli related to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) dimensions may differ. We investigated attentional biases to OCD-related dimensions in forty-four OCD patients and 49 healthy controls. They performed a dot probe task that incorporates visual stimuli depicting washing, checking, hoarding, ordering, taboo/shameful, and “neutralizing” themes. These pictures represented each of the OCD symptom dimensions according to the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R, Foa et al., 2002). (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Mara S. da Victoria, Sharon Morein-Zamir, Ben J. Harrison, Murat Y ücel, Valentina Lorenzetti, Pedro E. do Brasil, Chao Suo, Leonardo F. Fontenelle Source Type: research
Frequency specific analysis revealed the imbalanced functional networks in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Dysfunction of the fronto-striatal circuit is repeatedly reported in obsessive-compulsive disorder. The abnormality of the functional connectivity (FC) of this circuit is also reported and the deep brain stimulation is showed to restore it. However, the directions of the reported abnormalities are not consistent and the more detailed analysis is needed. The blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal obtained from the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans is usually analyzed after some preprocessing steps including band-pass filtering (typically, 0.010-0.080 Hz). (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Yoshinari Abe, Yuki Sakai, Seiji Nishida, Takashi Nakamae, Kei Yamada, Jin Narumoto Source Type: research
The role of adenylate-cyclase activity in platelets of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder
Blood platelets can be considered a reliable peripheral model of presynaptic serotonergic neurons, as they are endowed with a 5-HT reuptake transporter similar to that present in the brain cells (Marazziti et al., 2004). The biological basis of the patophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is centered on serotonergic system, although evidences of both dopaminergic and adrenergic systems involvement are consistent (Westenberg et al., 2007). A possible role of second messengers, such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling, in the development of OCD has been recently postulated, although evidences are ...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Donatella Marazziti, Stefano Baroni, Federico Mucci, Lionella Palego, Armando Piccinni Source Type: research
Can exposure-based cbt extend iv ketamine ’s effects in ocd? an open-label trial
A single subanesthetic intravenous (IV) dose of ketamine leads to rapid anti-obsessional effects in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients with near-constant intrusive obsessions, but these effects usually do not persist. We tested whether a brief course of exposure-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) could extend ketamine ’s effects in a two week pilot open trial and if this effect was maintained (without additional treatment) two weeks later. Our rationale was: 1) ketamine is reported to enhance plasticity and extinction learning in rodents, and 2) enhanced extinction learning may facilitate CBT gains, as re...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Carolyn I. Rodriguez, Michael Wheaton, Jordana Zwerling, Shari A. Steinman, Danae Sonnenfeld, Hanga Galfalvy, Helen Blair Simpson Tags: Carolyn Rodriguez, M.D., Ph.D. Source Type: research
Misophonia, emotional dysregulation and affective disorders: a preliminary study
Misophonia is characterized by aversive reactivity to repetitive and pattern based auditory (and sometimes visual) stimuli1. When faced with stimuli, misophonia sufferers demonstrate autonomic nervous system arousal, accompanied by heightened emotional reactivity. Sufferers describe extreme irritation, the desire to get away from the stimuli (or flee), anger, feelings of helplessness, being overwhelmed, and aggressive urge with physiological reactions including hypertonia, diaphoresis and tachycardia2. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Mercede Erfanian, Jennifer Jo Brout, Azita Keshavarz Source Type: research
Group cognitive behavioural therapy for hoarding disorder : an interim analysis
Hoarding Disorder (HD), now understood to be a stand alone diagnosis under DSM – 5 (American Psychiatric Association 2013), and is seen as a severe, enduring and often misunderstood mental health problem distinct from Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). The prevalence is reported to be 2-5% of the population. Research does suggest that Group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (G CBT) is an effective treatment in relieving symptoms, though there are a limited number of studies. In response to an increase of referrals for HD to our tertiary service in SW London (population 1 million), we have been offering Group CBT rather tha...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Augusta Chandler, Robert Fogg Source Type: research
Descriptive phenomenology of depressive and anxious symptoms in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder
The obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by specific symptoms (obsessions and compulsions), but it also presents significant depressive and anxious symptoms. Some life-time psychiatric comorbidities collaborate to different psychopathological presentations of OCD and interfere even in response to conventional treatments. Especially depressive disorders, as other anxiety disorders, have high prevalence in patients with OCD, reaching near 70% for major depressive disorder and 37% for social anxiety disorder. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ygor A Ferr ão, Marina Damion, Nil Morais, Maria Alice de Mathis, Carolina B Dreher Source Type: research
Self-transcendence in obsessive compulsive disorder: an exploratory study of psychopathological, sociodemographic and clinical aspects
The obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic disease that can cause serious functional and family impairment. According to Cloninger 's personality model some temperament and character factors have been associated with specific psychopathology and disease severity of OCD. However, some trait characters like self-transcendence (ST) still wasn ’t properly explored in this context. Descriptions of religious content of OCD symptoms are found in sacred books from the 2nd century and are called scrupulosity. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ygor A Ferr ão, Renata Silva, Leonardo Gonçalves, Rafaella Porto, Leandro Pizutti Source Type: research
Dirt is not dangerous
Dysfunctional beliefs are assumed to play an important role in OCD. A new type of treatment is the Cognitive Bias Modification of Interpretation (CBM-I) training: a computerized paradigm developed to modify dysfunctional interpretations in for example OCD, anxiety, and depression. A meta-analysis focusing on adult samples revealed that CBM-I training was successful in increasing positive interpretations and decreasing negative mood states (Menne-Lothmann et al., 2014). A recent meta-analysis on the effect of CBM in child samples also shows a positive effect on interpretations, but not on mental health outcomes (Cristea, Mo...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Lidewij H. Wolters, Elske Salemink, Annelieke Hagen, Vivian op de Beek, Pascalle Dol, Else de Haan Source Type: research
Effectiveness of a clozapine –aripiprazole combination in tourette syndrome and bipolar spectrum disorder
We report herein the case of a patient suffering from severe Tourette syndrome (TS) and bipolar spectrum disorder who benefited from a combination of clozapine and aripiprazole. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Armando Piccinni, Federico Mucci, Ilenia Moroni, Donatella Marazziti Source Type: research
The role of guilt sensitivity in ocd symptom dimensions
Although some studies have found that guilt may precede, motivate, or be a consequence of obsessive –compulsive disorder (OCD), the relationship between guilt and OCD has been under-investigated. Since it has been suggested that OCD patients perceive guilt in a more threatening manner, it might also be relevant to test to what extent they negatively evaluate the experience of guilt (i.e., guilt sensitivity; GS). (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - June 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Gabriele Melli, Federico Mucci, Donatella Marazziti Source Type: research
