Cognitive predictors of illness course at 12 months after first-episode of depression
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) entails cognitive dysfunction in many cognitive domains, but it is still uncertain whether such deficits are present in the early stages. The purpose of the study is to determine the cognitive performance in first episode depression (FED) exploring the presence of different cognitive profiles, and the role of cognition in FED at baseline and long-term. Ninety subjects (18 –50 years) were included, 50 patients with a FED and 40 healthy controls. Participants were assessed with a neuropsychological battery, covering language, attention, verbal memory, processing speed and executive domains. ...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - February 23, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: M. Vicent-Gil, A. Keymer-Gausset, M. Serra-Blasco, M. Carceller-Sindreu, J. de Diego-Adeli ño, J. Trujols, M. Mur, V. Pérez, E. Alvarez, N. Cardoner, M.J. Portella Source Type: research
Methylphenidate alters monoaminergic and metabolic pathways in the cerebellum of adolescent rats
Abnormalities in the cerebellar circuitry have been suggested to contribute to some of the symptoms associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The psychostimulant methylphenidate (MPH) is the major drug for treating this condition. Here, the effects of acute (2.0 mg/kg and 5.0 mg/kg) and chronic (2.0 mg/kg, twice daily for 15 days) MPH treatments were investigated in adolescent (35–40 days old) rats on monoaminergic and metabolic markers in the cerebellum. Data acquired indicates that acute MPH treatment (2.0 mg/kg) decreased cerebellar vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT2) density, while...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - February 22, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Emmanuel Quansah, Victor Ruiz-Rodado, Martin Grootveld, Tyra S.C. Zetterstr öm Source Type: research
Maternal separation increases alcohol-drinking behaviour and reduces endocannabinoid levels in the mouse striatum and prefrontal cortex
Childhood adversity is associated with an increased risk of mood, anxiety and substance use disorders. Maternal separation is a reliable rodent model of early life adversity that leads to depression-like symptoms, which may increase the vulnerability to alcohol consumption during adolescence. However, the specific alterations in the pattern of alcohol consumption induced by maternal separation and the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term effects of maternal separation with early weaning (MSEW) on emotional and social behaviour, alcohol rewarding propertie...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - February 22, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Marta Portero-Tresserra, Irene Gracia-Rubio, L ídia Cantacorps, Oscar J. Pozo, Alejandro Gómez-Gómez, Antoni Pastor, Raúl López-Arnau, Rafael de la Torre, Olga Valverde Source Type: research
Methylphenidate alters monoaminergic and metabolic pathways in the cerebellum of adolescent rats
Abnormalities in the cerebellar circuitry have been suggested to contribute to some of the symptoms associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The psychostimulant methylphenidate (MPH) is the major drug for treating this condition. Here, the effects of acute (2.0 mg/kg and 5.0 mg/kg) and chronic (2.0 mg/kg, twice daily for 15 days) MPH treatments were investigated in adolescent (35–40 days old) rats on monoaminergic and metabolic markers in the cerebellum. Data acquired indicates that acute MPH treatment (2.0 mg/kg) decreased cerebellar vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT2) density, while...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - February 22, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Emmanuel Quansah, Victor Ruiz-Rodado, Martin Grootveld, Tyra S.C. Zetterstr öm Source Type: research
Maternal separation increases alcohol-drinking behaviour and reduces endocannabinoid levels in the mouse striatum and prefrontal cortex
Childhood adversity is associated with an increased risk of mood, anxiety and substance use disorders. Maternal separation is a reliable rodent model of early life adversity that leads to depression-like symptoms, which may increase the vulnerability to alcohol consumption during adolescence. However, the specific alterations in the pattern of alcohol consumption induced by maternal separation and the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term effects of maternal separation with early weaning (MSEW) on emotional and social behaviour, alcohol rewarding propertie...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - February 22, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Marta Portero-Tresserra, Irene Gracia-Rubio, L ídia Cantacorps, Oscar J. Pozo, Alejandro Gómez-Gómez, Antoni Pastor, Raúl López-Arnau, Rafael de la Torre, Olga Valverde Source Type: research
Nicotine and caffeine modulate haloperidol-induced changes in postsynaptic density transcripts expression: Translational insights in psychosis therapy and treatment resistance
Caffeine and nicotine are widely used by schizophrenia patients and may worsen psychosis and affect antipsychotic therapies. However, they have also been accounted as augmentation strategies in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Despite both substances are known to modulate dopamine and glutamate transmission, little is known about the molecular changes induced by these compounds in association to antipsychotics, mostly at the level of the postsynaptic density (PSD), a site of dopamine-glutamate interplay. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - February 20, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Andrea de Bartolomeis, Felice Iasevoli, Federica Marmo, Elisabetta Filomena Buonaguro, Livia Avvisati, Gianmarco Latte, Carmine Tomasetti Source Type: research
Antidepressants as antipruritic agents: A review
Pruritus is a concomitant symptom of various underlying disorders viz. dermatological, systemic and psychiatric disorders that provoke the person to scratch the skin. Many natural as well as, antipruritic therapies are usually practiced in the treatment of pruritus including general preventive measures, topical therapies such as cooling agents, antihistamines, anesthetics, capsaicin, corticosteroids, immunomodulators and; systemic therapies including administration of antihistamines, opioid antagonists/agonists, antiepileptic drugs/neuroleptics (e.g., gabapentin and pregabalin), antidepressants (e.g., doxepin, amitriptylin...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - February 15, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Randeep Kaur, V.R. Sinha Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research
Second generation antipsychotic-induced mitochondrial alterations: Implications for increased risk of metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is seen more frequently in persons with schizophrenia than in the general population, and these metabolic abnormalities are further aggravated by second generation antipsychotic (SGA) drugs. Although the underlying mechanisms responsible for the increased prevalence of MetS among patients under SGA treatment are not well understood, alterations in mitochondria function have been implicated. We performed a comprehensive evaluation of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of drug-induced MetS in schizophrenia. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - February 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Giselli Scaini, Jo ão Quevedo, Dawn Velligan, David L. Roberts, Henriette Raventos, Consuelo Walss-Bass Source Type: research
Adjunctive antidepressants in bipolar depression: A cohort study of six- and twelve-months rehospitalization rates
Although antidepressants (ADs) are widely used in bipolar depression, there is weak evidence for their effectiveness and safety in this condition. Furthermore, there is a paucity of studies on the risk-benefit ratio of AD maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder (BD). We compared rehospitalization rates of patients with BD-I depressive episode who were discharged with mood stabilizers (MSs) and/or atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) with or without adjunctive AD. Ninety-eight patients with BD-I who were hospitalized with a depressive episode between 2005 and 2013 were retrospectively followed for 6-months and 1-year rehospital...
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - February 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Yahav Shvartzman, Amir Krivoy, Avi Valevski, Shay Gur, Abraham Weizman, Eldar Hochman Source Type: research
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 β activity and cognitive functioning in patients with bipolar I disorder
Cognitive deficits are common in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) in remission and may be associated with glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) activity, which is inhibited by lithium. GSK-3 may be a relevant treatment target for interventions tailored at cognitive disturbances in BD but the relation between GSK-3 activity, cognition and lithium treatment is unknown. We therefore investigated the possible association between GSK-3 activity and cognition and whether lithium treatment moderates this association in patients with BD. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - February 10, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Klaus Munkholm, Kamilla Woznica Miskowiak, Anne Sophie Jacoby, Maj Vinberg, Leda Leme Talib, Wagner Farid Gattaz, Lars Vedel Kessing Source Type: research
The vagus nerve modulates BDNF expression and neurogenesis in the hippocampus
Accumulating evidence suggests that certain gut microbiota have antidepressant-like behavioural effects and that the microbiota can regulate neurogenesis and the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus. The precise mechanisms underlying these effects are not yet clear. However, the vagus nerve is one of the primary bidirectional routes of communication between the gut and the brain and thus may represent a candidate mechanism. Yet, relatively little is known about the direct influence of vagus nerve activity on hippocampal function and plasticity. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - February 6, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Olivia F. O ’Leary, Ebere S. Ogbonnaya, Daniela Felice, Brunno R. Levone, Lorraine C. Conroy, Patrick Fitzgerald, Javier A. Bravo, Paul Forsythe, John Bienenstock, Timothy G. Dinan, John F. Cryan Source Type: research
Anterior cingulate cortex glutamate and its association with striatal functioning during cognitive control
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by structural, functional and neurochemical alterations of the fronto-striatal circuits and by deficits in cognitive control. In particular, ADHD has been associated with impairments in top-down fronto-striatal glutamate-signalling. However, it is unknown whether fronto-striatal glutamate is related to cognitive control dysfunction. Here we explored whether and how anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) glutamate relates to striatal BOLD-responses during cognitive control. (Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - February 3, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jilly Naaijen, David J. Lythgoe, Marcel P. Zwiers, Catharina A. Hartman, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Jan K. Buitelaar, Esther Aarts Source Type: research
Editorial Board
(Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: European Neuropsychopharmacology - February 1, 2018 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
