Development, Growth and Differentiation This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Axially ‐confined in vivo single‐cell labeling by primed conversion using blue and red lasers with conventional confocal microscopes
Green‐to‐red photoconvertible fluorescent proteins have been found to undergo efficient photoconversion by a new method termed primed conversion that uses dual wave‐length illumination with blue and red/near‐infrared light. By modifying a confocal laser‐scanning microscope (CLSM) such that two laser beams only meet at the focal plane, confined photoconversion at the axial dimension has been achieved. The necessity of this custom modification to the CLSM, however, has precluded the wide‐spread use of this method. Here, we investigated whether spatially‐restricted primed conversion could be achieved with CLSM w...
Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation - October 1, 2017 Category: Research Authors: Atsushi Taniguchi, Yukiko Kimura, Ikue Mori, Shigenori Nonaka, Shin ‐ichi Higashijima Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Transcripts immunoprecipitated with Sxl protein in primordial germ cells of Drosophila embryos
In this study, we identified the downstream targets of Sxl in Drosophila germline by using RIP‐seq, in situ hybridization, and knockdown analyses. We show that knockdown of Su(var)2‐10 in PGCs caused a tumorous germline phenotype in the ovaries. Because this phenotype is a sign of masculinization of the germline, we propose that Su(var)2‐10 acts downstream of Sxl in germline sex determination. (Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation)
Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation - October 1, 2017 Category: Research Authors: Ryoma Ota, Shumpei Morita, Masanao Sato, Shuji Shigenobu, Makoto Hayashi, Satoru Kobayashi Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Relation of Nodal expression to the specification of the dorsal ‐ventral axis and tissue patterning in the starfish Patiria pectinifera
In this study, we attempted to reveal fundamental aspects of starfish embryogenesis, particularly embryonic axis specification or determination, in Patiria pectinifera. We first cloned PpNodal, which is known to play an important role in the specification of the embryonic axis in a wide range of animals, and studied its expression profile. PpNodal expression was first detected at the mid‐blastula stage and showed a single peak around the onset of gastrulation. These features of Nodal expression were shifted to later stages by several hours, compared with those of sea urchin embryos. After the gastrulation started, the ex...
Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation - October 1, 2017 Category: Research Authors: Hiroki Sasaki, Tetsuya Kominami Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Induced homeotic hindlimb formation on dorsal and ventral sides of regenerating tissue of amputated tails of Japanese brown frog tadpoles
In this study, we report the induction of homeotic transformation using Japanese brown frogs and present a detailed morphological analysis. Unexpectedly, the ectopic limbs developed not only at the ventral sites, but also at the dorsal sites of the tail regenerates of vitamin A‐treated tadpoles. The relationship between position and axial orientation of ectopic limbs suggested the double duplication of positional value order along the rostral‐caudal axis and the dorsal‐ventral axis of the tail regenerates. The skeletal pattern in a tadpole with ectopic limbs that are induced by tail‐amputation and vitamin A‐trea...
Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation - October 1, 2017 Category: Research Authors: Ichiro Tazawa, Yoshio Yaoita Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Newly raised anti ‐VAChT and anti‐ChAT antibodies detect cholinergic cells in chicken embryos
The autonomic nervous system consists of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, which functionally antagonize each other to control physiology and homeostasis of organs. However, it is largely unexplored how the autonomic nervous system is established during development. In particular, early formation of parasympathetic network remains elusive because of its complex anatomical structure. To distinguish between parasympathetic (cholinergic) and sympathetic (adrenergic) ganglia, vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) and choline O‐acetyltransferase (ChAT), proteins associated with acetylcholine synthesis, are known t...
Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation - October 1, 2017 Category: Research Authors: Tadayoshi Watanabe, Takahiro Kiyomoto, Ryosuke Tadokoro, Yuta Takase, Yoshiko Takahashi Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Issue Information
Cover Photograph: Actual allelic paring of Oct4 loci (Green). Oct4 loci frequently localize in close proximity to one another during the early stage of cellular differentiation of ESCs. In this issue, Asaka et al. (pp. 639–647) demonstrate a strict link of this phenomenon to pluripotent property with the comparison between ESCs and embryonal carcinoma cells. (Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation)
Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation - October 1, 2017 Category: Research Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research

Corrigendum
(Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation)
Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation - September 12, 2017 Category: Research Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research

Issue Information
Cover Photograph: Diagram showing how Urbilateria evolved into protostomes and deuterostomes from a complex ancestor that had a primary larval planktonic form. In this issue, De Robertis et al. present experiments on how body form can be changed by modifying the ancient Chordin/Tolloid/BMP morphogenetic gradient. Drawing by Yuki Moriyama (See De Robertis et al. pp. 580–592). (Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation)
Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation - September 12, 2017 Category: Research Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research

Microtubule array observed in the posterior ‐vegetal cortex during cytoplasmic and cortical reorganization of the ascidian egg
In this study, we invented a new reagent that improves the immunostaining of cortical microtubules and successfully visualized a parallel array of thick microtubules. During reorganization, they covered nearly the entire myoplasm cortical region, beneath the posterior‐vegetal cortex. We designated this microtubule array as CAMP (cortical array of microtubules in posterior vegetal region). During the late phase of reorganization, CAMP shrank and the myoplasm formed a crescent‐like cytoplasmic domain. When the CAMP formation was inhibited by sodium azide, myoplasmic reorganization and A–P axis formation were both aboli...
Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation - September 1, 2017 Category: Research Authors: Hirokazu Ishii, Toshiyuki Goto, Takahito Nishikata Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Dab1 contributes differently to the morphogenesis of the hippocampal subdivisions
We examined the morphology of the well‐developed Dab1 deficient HF by staining with a silver impregnation method in this report, and found that disruption of lamination in the CA1, CA3, and DG was different. Abnormalities observed in the development of Dab1 deficient CA1 were similar to those reported in the neocortical development, while Dab1 deficient CA3 neuronal progenitors radially spreaded beyond presumptive pyramidal layer. The intermediate progenitor cells ectopically located in the Dab1 deficient DG, but neurogenesis was normal in the CA1 and CA3. These observations suggest that the morphogenesis in these HF sub...
Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation - September 1, 2017 Category: Research Authors: Marissa Blume, Fuduki Inoguchi, Taku Sugiyama, Yuji Owada, Noriko Osumi, Yoshinari Aimi, Kosuke Taki, Yu Katsuyama Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

BMP signaling regulates the skeletal and connective tissue differentiation during caudal fin regeneration in sailfin molly (Poecilia latipinna)
In this study, we investigated the effects of BMP inhibition by LDN193189 on skeletal and connective tissues formation, at 5 days post amputation in the caudal fin of Poecilia latipinna. We observed that BMP inhibition leads to compromised growth of fin regenerate. Histological analysis supports the findings, as stunted progression of skeletal elements and below par formation of collagen. Biochemical analysis of collagen and subsequent transcript level analysis of genes that regulate the formation of skeletal elements reaffirm these observations. Overall, our results highlight the significance of BMP signaling in directin...
Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation - September 1, 2017 Category: Research Authors: Shailja Rajaram, Sonam Patel, Gowri Kumari Uggini, Isha Desai, Suresh Balakrishnan Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Maturation promoting factor destabilization mediates human chorionic gonadotropin induced meiotic resumption in rat oocytes
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) mimics the action of luteinizing hormone (LH) and triggers meiotic maturation and ovulation in mammals. The mechanism by which hCG triggers meiotic resumption in mammalian oocytes remains poorly understood. We aimed to find out the impact of hCG surge on morphological changes, adenosine 3′,5′‐cyclic monophosphate (cAMP), guanosine 3′,5′‐cyclic monophosphate (cGMP), cell division cycle 25B (Cdc25B), Wee1, early mitotic inhibitor 2 (Emi2), anaphase‐promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), meiotic arrest deficient protein 2 (MAD2), phosphorylation status of cyclin‐dependent kinas...
Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation - August 16, 2017 Category: Research Authors: Meenakshi Tiwari, Shail K. Chaube Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Generation of animal form by the Chordin/Tolloid/BMP gradient: 100  years after D'Arcy Thompson
We present experiments in which the form of the Xenopus embryo is modified by depleting the chordinase Tolloid or its inhibitor Sizzled specifically in ventral cells. This changes body form in ways reminiscent of D'Arcy Thompson's proposals in his 1917 book “On Growth and Form”. (Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation)
Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation - August 16, 2017 Category: Research Authors: Edward M. De Robertis, Yuki Moriyama, Gabriele Colozza Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Reduction of nitric oxide level results in maturation promoting factor destabilization during spontaneous meiotic exit from diplotene arrest in rat cumulus oocytes complexes cultured in  vitro
Nitric oxides (NO) act as one of the major signal molecules and modulate various cell functions including oocyte meiosis in mammals. The present study was designed to investigate the mechanism of NO action during spontaneous meiotic exit from diplotene arrest (EDA) in rat cumulus oocytes complexes (COCs) cultured in vitro. Diplotene‐arrested COCs collected from ovary of immature female rats after 20 IU pregnant mare's serum gonadotropins (PMSG) for 48 h were exposed to various concentrations of NO donor, S‐nitroso‐N‐acetyl penicillamine (SNAP) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, aminoguanidine (A...
Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation - August 1, 2017 Category: Research Authors: Meenakshi Tiwari, Shail K. Chaube Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Emerging mechanisms regulating mitotic synchrony during animal embryogenesis
The basic mechanisms controlling mitosis are highly conserved in animals regardless of cell types and developmental stages. However, an exceptional aspect of mitosis is seen during early animal embryogenesis in which a large fertilized egg is quickly divided into smaller blastomeres according to the reproducible spatiotemporal pattern that does not rely on the cell‐cycle arrest or growth. This mitosis, referred to as cleavage, overlaps in the timeframe with the specification of cell fate. The precise spatiotemporal regulation of cleavages is therefore essential to the creation of the appropriate cell number and to the mo...
Source: Development, Growth and Differentiation - August 1, 2017 Category: Research Authors: Yosuke Ogura, Yasunori Sasakura Tags: Review Article Source Type: research