ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) and subfamily C member 10 (ABCC10) are not primary resistance factors for cabazitaxel.
CONCLUSION: ABCB1 and ABCC10 are not primary resistance factors for cabazitaxel compared with paclitaxel, suggesting that cabazitaxel may have a low affinity for these efflux transporters.
PMID: 25962593 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer)
Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer - May 14, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Chin J Cancer Source Type: research
Epithelial cell identity in hyperplastic precursors of breast cancer.
CONCLUSIONS: This unexpected finding contradicts the notion that in differentiated luminal cells the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) is dissociated from cell proliferation and suggests that the establishing of an ER-dependent signaling is able to sustain cell proliferation in an autocrine manner as an early event in tumor initiation. Although clinical evidence indicates that only a fraction of HELUs and ADHs evolve to invasive cancer, present findings warn that exposure to synthetic progestins, frequently administered as hormone-replacement therapy, and estrogens, when abnormally produced by adipose cells and persiste...
Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer - May 14, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Chin J Cancer Source Type: research
Hypertrophic adenoids in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: appearance at magnetic resonance imaging before and after treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: Nasopharyngeal adenoids and carcinoma tissue in NPC patients can be distinguished by using MRI and have different responses to chemoradiotherapy and radiotherapy. These findings contribute to better delineating the GTV of NPC, based on which spatially optimized strategies can be developed to render precise and efficient chemoradiotherapy and radiotherapy. Additionally, we observed a clear difference in the responses of these two tissue types to current therapies. This finding may reduce or avoid unnecessary biopsies or overtreatment.
PMID: 25962737 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer)
Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer - May 14, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Chin J Cancer Source Type: research
Pretreatment platelet count improves the prognostic performance of the TNM staging system and aids in planning therapeutic regimens for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a single-institutional study of 2,626 patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Pretreatment platelet count, when combined with TNM classification, is a useful indicator for metastasis and survival in patients with NPC. It may improve the predictive value of the TNM classification and help to identify patients likely to benefit from more aggressive therapeutic regimens.
PMID: 25962816 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer)
Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer - May 14, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Chin J Cancer Source Type: research
Pharmacogenomics of EGFR-targeted therapies in non-small cell lung cancer: EGFR and beyond.
Authors: Delaney C, Frank S, Huang RS
Abstract
Commonly observed aberrations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling have led to the development of EGFR-targeted therapies for various cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EGFR mutations and overexpression have further been shown to modulate sensitivity to these EGFR-targeted therapies in NSCLC and several other types of cancers. However, it is clear that mutations and/or genetic variations in EGFR alone cannot explain all of the variability in the responses of patients with NSCLC to EGFR-targeted therapies. For instance, in ad...
Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer - May 14, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Chin J Cancer Source Type: research
Cancer research in the era of next-generation sequencing and big data calls for intelligent modeling.
We describe an example in cancer research where gene-level data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) consortium is interpreted using a pathway-level model. As the complexity of computational models increases, their sample requirements grow exponentially. This growth stems from the fact that the number of combinations of variables grows exponentially as the number of variables increases. Thus, a large sample size is needed. The number of variables in a computational model can be reduced by incorporating biological knowledge. One particularly successful way of doing this is by using available gene regulatory, signaling, metab...
Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer - May 14, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Chin J Cancer Source Type: research
Metabolic syndrome is associated with better prognosis in patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma.
CONCLUSIONS: MS is associated with early N category in TSCC. It is an independent prognostic factor for better survival in patients with TSCC.
PMID: 25963193 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer)
Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer - May 14, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Chin J Cancer Source Type: research
The role of interleukin-18 in glioblastoma pathology implies therapeutic potential of two old drugs-disulfiram and ritonavir.
Authors: Kast RE
Abstract
Based on reporting in the last several years, an impressive but dismal list of cytotoxic chemotherapies that fail to prolong the median overall survival of patients with glioblastoma has prompted the development of treatment protocols designed to interfere with growth-facilitating signaling systems by using non-cytotoxic, non-oncology drugs. Recent recognition of the pro-mobility stimulus, interleukin-18, as a driver of centrifugal glioblastoma cell migration allows potential treatment adjuncts with disulfiram and ritonavir. Disulfiram and ritonavir are well-tolerated, non-cytotox...
Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer - May 14, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Chin J Cancer Source Type: research
Multiple oncogenic mutations related to targeted therapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
CONCLUSIONS: Oncogenic mutations are present in NPC patients. The efficacy of targeted drugs on patients with the related oncogenic mutations requires further validation.
PMID: 25963410 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer)
Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer - May 14, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Chin J Cancer Source Type: research
Selective killing of K-ras-transformed pancreatic cancer cells by targeting NAD(P)H oxidase.
CONCLUSIONS: K-ras oncogenic signaling causes increased ROS stress through NOX, and abnormal ROS stress can selectively kill tumor cells by using NOX inhibitors. Our study provides a basis for developing a novel therapeutic strategy to effectively kill K-ras-transformed cells through a redox-mediated mechanism.
PMID: 25963558 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer)
Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer - May 14, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Chin J Cancer Source Type: research
Ovarian cancer: a molecularly insidious disease.
Authors: Mezzanzanica D
Abstract
In this issue of the Chinese Journal of Cancer, European, American, and Chinese experts review the current management and future perspectives of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), the leading cause of gynecological cancer deaths. Although major advances have been made in understanding the cellular and molecular biology of this highly heterogeneous malignancy, the survival rate of women with EOC has changed little since the introduction of platinum-based treatment as a front-line therapy. The papers describe the progress in deciphering the molecular complexity of this disease ...
Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer - January 10, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Chin J Cancer Source Type: research
The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in ovarian cancer: therapeutic opportunities and challenges.
Authors: Cheaib B, Auguste A, Leary A
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) pathway is frequently altered in cancer, including ovarian cancer (OC). Unfortunately, despite a sound biological rationale and encouraging activity in preclinical models, trials of first-generation inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in OC have demonstrated negative results. The lack of patient selection as well as resistance to selective mTOR complex-1 (mTORC1) inhibitors could explain the disappointing results thus far. Nonetheless, a number of novel agents are being investigated, including dual mTORC1...
Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer - January 10, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Chin J Cancer Source Type: research
Ovarian cancer standard of care: are there real alternatives?
Authors: Della Pepa C, Tonini G, Pisano C, Di Napoli M, Cecere SC, Tambaro R, Facchini G, Pignata S
Abstract
Ovarian cancer remains a major issue for gynecological oncologists, and most patients are diagnosed when the disease is already advanced with a poor chance of survival. Debulking surgery followed by platinum-taxane chemotherapy is the current standard of care, but based on several different strategies currently under evaluation, some encouraging data have been published in the last 4 to 5 years. This review provides a state-of-the-art overview of the available alternatives to conventional treatment ...
Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer - January 10, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Chin J Cancer Source Type: research
Key nodes of a microRNA network associated with the integrated mesenchymal subtype of high-grade serous ovarian cancer.
Authors: Sun Y, Guo F, Bagnoli M, Xue FX, Sun BC, Shmulevich I, Mezzanzanica D, Chen KX, Sood AK, Yang D, Zhang W
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of cancer mortality. One of the initiating events of cancer metastasis of epithelial tumors is epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), during which cells dedifferentiate from a relatively rigid cell structure/morphology to a flexible and changeable structure/morphology often associated with mesenchymal cells. The presence of EMT in human epithelial tumors is reflected by the increased expression of genes and levels of proteins that are preferentially pr...
Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer - January 10, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Chin J Cancer Source Type: research
Trabectedin therapy as an emerging treatment strategy for recurrent platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer.
Authors: López-Guerrero JA, Romero I, Poveda A
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (OC) is a common gynecologic malignancy in women. The standard treatment for OC is maximal cytoreductive surgical debulking followed by platinum-based chemotherapy. Despite the high response rate to primary therapy, approximately 85% of patients will develop recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC). This review identifies the clinical use of trabectedin in the treatment algorithm for ROC, with specific emphasis on platinum-sensitive ROC, for which trabectedin in combination with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin has been approved as a t...
Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer - January 10, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Chin J Cancer Source Type: research
