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Pregabalin Alters Nociceptive Behavior and Expression Level of P2X3 Receptor in the Spinal Dorsal Horn in a Rat Model Induced by Chronic Compression of the Dorsal Root Ganglion
ABSTRACT P2X3 receptors are present in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) and play an essential role in the regulation of nociception and pain. Pregabalin (PGB) has been used as a new antiepileptic drug in the treatment of neuropathic pain. However, it is unclear whether PGB‐induced analgesia was associated with the P2X3 receptor in SDH. Here, rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 12 per group), including 2 sham operation groups, which was treated by normal saline (Sham + NS group) or PGB (Sham + PGB group), other 2 groups with chronic compression of the dorsal root ganglion, a normal saline‐treated CC...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - October 17, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: Jianfeng Yu, Peng Fu, Yan Zhang, Shuzhen Liu, Donghong Cui Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Main Effect and Interactions of Brain Regions and Gender in the Calculation of Volumetric Asymmetry Indices in Healthy Human Brains: Ancova Analyses of In Vivo 3T MRI Data
Conclusion: Volumetric asymmetries are present across all brain regions, with larger values found in the limbic system and parietal lobe. The absence of a significant influence of gender and age in the evaluation of the numerous measurements generated by multivariate analyses in this study should not discourage researchers to report and interpret similar results, as this topic still deserves further assessment. Anat Rec, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist)
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - October 17, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: Ernesto Roldan‐Valadez, Camilo Rios, Marcela A. Suarez‐May, Rafel Favila, Erika Aguilar‐Castañeda Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Tumor‐Specific Cytolysis Caused by an E1B55K‐Attenuated Adenovirus in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma is Augmented by Cisplatin
In this study, the antitumor activities of dl1520, alone or in combination with the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin, were investigated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. The results demonstrated that dl1520 replicated in and destroyed NPC cells, and induced apoptosis in vitro. In a nude mouse xenograft model, dl1520 significantly inhibited the growth of NPC cell xenografts, and the viral replication was associated with tumor regression. Importantly, the antitumor activity of dl1520 was augmented by the addition of cisplatin both in vitro and in vivo, showing that dl1520 and cisplatin have a synergistic anti‐NPC ef...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - October 17, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: Ran‐Yi Liu, Ji‐Lin Peng, Yong‐Qiang Li, Bi‐Jun Huang, Huan‐Xin Lin, Ling Zhou, Hui‐Ling Luo, Wenlin Huang Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Rapid Interaction of Helicobacter pylori with Microvilli of the Polar Human Gastric Epithelial Cell Line NCI‐N87
ABSTRACT Infection with Helicobacter pylori results often in chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers or even gastric tumor development. Little is known about the initial interaction between gastric epithelial cells and H. pylori. The aim of the present study was to analyze the initial host contact to the bacteria. Monolayers of the human gastric epithelial cell line NCI‐N87 grown on porous membranes were used and the apical side of the epithelium was exposed to the H. pylori wild‐type strain P1 for 1 hr. Many epithelial cells were colonized by bacteria within the period of 60 min. Using scanning electron microscopy we detect...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - October 17, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: Anne‐Kathrin Diesing, Constanze Nossol, Heidi Faber‐Zuschratter, Werner Zuschratter, Lydia Renner, Olga Sokolova, Michael Naumann, Hermann‐Josef Rothkötter Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

What is an anatomy ontology?
(Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist)
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - October 11, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: Robert Druzinsky, Christopher Mungall, Melissa Haendel, Hilmar Lapp, Paula Mabee Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Decreased Apoptosis and Persistence of the Common Nephric Duct During the Development of an Aberrant Vesicoureteral Junction in Dlg1 Gene‐Targeted Mice
ABSTRACT Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract occur at a frequency of 1 in 500 live births in humans. Mutant mice null for Dlg1 (Dlg1−/− mice), a membrane‐associated guanylate kinase containing PDZ domains, exhibit various urogenital malformations, including hypoplasia of the kidney and ureter, megaureter, hydronephrosis, and aplasia of the seminal vesicle and the vagina. The common nephric duct (CND) is a distal part of the Wolffian duct between the ureteric branch and the opening to the urogenital sinus, and normally disappears by embryonic day (E) 12.5 by a downward shift of the ureteric branch. Al...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - October 1, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: Akiko Iizuka‐Kogo, Tetsu Akiyama, Takao Senda Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Human Immature Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hIDPSCs), Their Application to Cell Therapy and Bioengineering: An Analysis by Systematic Revision of the Last Decade of Literature
ABSTRACT During recent years, attention has been given to the potential of therapeutic approaches using stem cells obtained from dental pulp tissue. The aim of this study, therefore, was to give an overview of the papers produced during the last 10 years that have described the use of stem cells obtained from human deciduous teeth in cell therapy or bioengineering. The PubMed database was investigated from January 2002 until July 2011 and the papers published during this period were analyzed according to criteria previously established, using the methodology of systematic review. The measurements were done using “stem ce...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - October 1, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: Priscilla Vianna De Souza, Fabiana Bucholdz Teixeira Alves, Cristina Lucia Sant'Ana Costa Ayub, Maria Albertina De Miranda Soares, And Jose Rosa Gomes Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

PrPc is temporospatially expressed in molar development of rats
This study was conducted to detect molecules implicated in cyto‐differentiation of developing molar germs of rats. Differential display‐PCR revealed that PrPc was differentially expressed between cap/early bell‐staged germs (maxillary 3rd molar germs) and root formation‐staged germs (maxillary 2nd molar germs) at postnatal day 9. Both levels of PrPc mRNA and protein expression were higher in the root formation stage than the cap/early bell stage and increased in a time‐dependent manner. Immunofluorescence revealed for the first time that PrPc was not localized in the enamel organ, but localized in dental follicul...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - October 1, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: H.I. Yoo, S.M. Jang, J.H. Kang, M.S. Kim, J.T. Koh, J.Y. Jung, W.J. Kim, W.M. OH, S.H. Kim Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Muscle area estimation from cortical bone
This article investigates the relationship between the cortical bone of the radius and the muscle area of the forearm. The aim of this study was to develop a method for muscle area estimation from cortical bone area at 65% of radius length where the muscle area at the forearm is largest. Muscle area and cortical area were measured directly in vivo by peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT). We found significant correlations between muscle area and cortical area (r = 0.881) in the forearm that are in line with previous studies. We have set up a regression model by testing relevant parameters such as age, sex,...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - October 1, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: Astrid Slizewski, Eckhard Schönau, Colin Shaw, Katerina Harvati Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

The Continuously Growing Central Nervous System of the Nile Crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus)
ABSTRACT It is a central assumption that larger bodies require larger brains, across species but also possibly within species with continuous growth throughout the lifetime, such as the crocodile. The current study investigates the relationships between body growth (length and mass) and the rates of growth of various subdivisions of the central nervous system (CNS) (brain, spinal cord, eyes) in Nile crocodiles weighing between 90 g and 90 kg. Although the brain appears to grow in two phases in relation to body mass, initially very rapidly then very slowly, it turns out that brain mass increases continuously as a power func...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - September 13, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: Ayanda Ngwenya, Nina Patzke, Muhammad A. Spocter, Jean‐Leigh Kruger, Leigh‐Anne Dell, Richard Chawana, Pedzisai Mazengenya, Brendon K. Billings, Olatunbosun Olaleye, Suzana Herculano‐Houzel, Paul R. Manger Tags: Cover Image Source Type: research

Cover Image
(Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist)
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - August 21, 2013 Category: Anatomy Tags: Cover image Source Type: research

Integration of Autophagy and Anoikis Resistance in Solid Tumors
ABSTRACT Macroautophagy or autophagy is a lysosome‐dependent process in which enzymatic degradation and recycling of cytosolic components occurred due to stressful conditions. This cellular arrangement imparts anoikis resistance in solid tumors. Anoikis, a special form of apoptosis occurring when cells detach from the extracellular matrix, is a critical mechanism in maintaining tissue homeostasis and development. Anoikis resistance facilitates tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, the complexity of the role of autophagy in tumor is underscored by evidence that autophagy can function as both a pro‐survival or pro‐dea...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - August 20, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: Jie Yang, Zhichao Zheng, Xiaojie Yan, Xia Li, Zhe Liu, Zhenyi Ma Tags: Review Source Type: research

Linear and Angular Measurements of the Foot of Modern Humans: A Test of Morton'S Foot Types
This study aims to document the variation in linear and angular measurements of the foot, using weight‐bearing radiographs of 50 randomly selected people (25 men) from an urban US Level 1 trauma center. The radiographs were obtained to “rule‐out” a foot fracture after trauma or as comparison films for a contralateral foot injury. Measurements were made using Osirix and correlations among the angular and length measurements were determined using Stata with P < 0.05 and Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. We found that foot length was not correlated with angular measurements, except for the angle betwe...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - August 1, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: Steven G. Lautzenheiser, Patricia Ann Kramer Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Nitrergic Neurons in the Spinal Cord of the Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)
In this study, we used histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques to investigate the distribution of NADPH‐diaphorase (NADPH‐d) and nNOS in the spinal cord of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). Cells with a fusiform‐shaped somata were numerous in the laminae I and II. The intermediolateral horn showed darkly‐stained cells with a multipolar morphology. Neurons with a multipolar or fusiform morphology were observed in the ventral horn. Multipolar and fusiform neurons were the most common cell types in lamina X. Nitrergic fibers were numerous especially in the dorsal and intermediolateral horns. The pr...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - August 1, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: Cristiano Bombardi, Annamaria Grandis, Anna Gardini, Bruno Cozzi Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

SND1 Affects Proliferation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line SMMC‐7721 by Regulating IGFBP3 Expression
ABSTRACT Staphylococcal nuclease domain containing 1 (SND1) is a ubiquitously expressed multifunctional protein involved in transcriptional regulation, RNA splicing and RNA metabolism. Ectopic expression of SND1 has been observed in various tumors including colon cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), indicating a positive role of SND1 in tumor initiation and progression. However, the exact role of SND1 in cancers has not been thoroughly investigated. In the present study, we investigated the role of SND1 in HCC. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that the expression level of SND1 wa...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - July 25, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: Jie Yin, Jianmin Ding, Li Huang, Xiao Tian, Xuebin Shi, Lei Zhi, Juan Song, Yi Zhang, Xingjie Gao, Zhi Yao, Xiang Jing, Jie Yang Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research