The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Ultrastructural and Histochemical Study on the Paneth Cells in the Rat Ascending Colon
ABSTRACT Paneth cells (PCs) contribute to the host defense against indigenous bacteria in the small intestine. We found Paneth cell‐like cells (PLCs) in the rat ascending colon, but the nature of PLCs is never clarified. Therefore, the present study aimed to clarify the cytological characteristics of PLCs and discuss their cellular differentiation. PLCs were localized in the bases of intestinal crypts, especially follicle‐associated intestinal crypts in proximal colonic lymphoid tissue, but were very seldom found in the ordinary intestinal crypts of the ascending colon. PLCs possessed specific granules with highly elec...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - May 1, 2014 Category: Anatomy Authors: Youhei Mantani, Miho Nishida, Hideto Yuasa, Kyouji Yamamoto, Ei‐Ichirou Takahara, Takuya Omotehara, Kankanam Gamage Sanath Udayanga, Junichi Kawano, Toshifumi Yokoyama, Nobuhiko Hoshi, Hiroshi Kitagawa Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Ontogeny of the Larynx and Flight Ability in Jamaican Fruit Bats (Phyllostomidae) With Considerations for the Evolution of Echolocation
We examined growth and development of the larynx relative to developing flight ability in Jamaican fruit bats to assess how changes in sonar production are coordinated with the onset of flight during ontogeny as a window for understanding the evolutionary relationships between these systems. In addition, we compare the extent of laryngeal calcification in an echolocating shrew species (Sorex vagrans) and the house mouse (Mus musculus), to assess what laryngeal chiropteran adaptations are associated with flight versus echolocation. Individuals were categorized into one of five developmental flight stages (flop, flutter, fla...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - April 29, 2014 Category: Anatomy Authors: Richard T. Carter, Rick A. Adams Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Prenatal Development of the Digestive System in the Horse
In conclusion, our data may contribute to perform a chronological reference of developmental events for approaches predicting pregnancy disorders in horses. Anat Rec, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist)
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - April 29, 2014 Category: Anatomy Authors: Marcio N. Rodrigues, Rafael C. Carvalho, Andre L. R. Franciolli, Rosângela F. Rodrigues, Nathia N. Rigoglio, Julio C. F. Jacob, Eduardo L. Gastal, Maria A. Miglino Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Aberrant Tissue Positioning of Metallophilic Macrophages in the Thymus of XCL1‐Deficient Mice
ABSTRACT Metallophilic macrophages hold a strategic position within the thymic tissue and play a considerable function in thymic physiology. The development and positioning of these cells within thymic tissue are regulated by complex molecular mechanisms involving different cytokine/chemokine axes. Herein, we studied the role of XCL1 signaling in these processes. We show that in the XCL1‐deficient thymus numerous metallophilic macrophages are aberrantly positioned in the thymic cortex, instead of their normal location in the cortico‐medullary zone. Still, these cells retain their normal appearance: very large size with...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - April 29, 2014 Category: Anatomy Authors: Novica M. Milićević, Ivana M. Lalić, Sanja Z. Despotović, Darko N. Ćirić, Jűrgen Westermann, Rene De Waal Malefyt, Živana Milićević Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Patterns of Morphological Variation of Extant Sloth Skulls and their Implication for Future Conservation Efforts
We present here the first descriptive comparison of the whole skull morphology within the two extant sloth genera, combining geometric morphometric approaches with comparative anatomy. We used these methods to explore the patterns of the intra‐ and interspecific morphological variation of the skull with regard to several factors such as phylogeny, geography, allometry, or sexual dimorphism. Our study first revealed strong phylogenetic and geographical imprints on the cranial and mandibular morphological traits. This result demonstrates the importance of accurate knowledge of species and their geographical distributions; ...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - April 25, 2014 Category: Anatomy Authors: Lionel Hautier, Guillaume Billet, Bethany Eastwood, Jemima Lane Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Ultrastructural Features of Vagina at Different Phases of the Oestrous Cycle in the Female African Giant Rat (Cricetomys gambianus Waterhouse)
This study looked into the reproductive biology of female African giant rats to produce baseline information on its reproductive organs and represented the first comprehensive description of the vagina at the ultrastructural level during oestrous cycle. Anat Rec, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist)
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - April 15, 2014 Category: Anatomy Authors: Adebayo K. Akinloye, Bankole O. Oke Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

The Evaluation of Vertebrobasilar Artery System in Neuro‐Behçet and Behçet Disease using Magnetic Resonance Angiography
ABSTRACT The aim of this study is the evaluation of the vertebrobasilar artery system in patients with Behçet's and Neuro‐Behçet's disease. For this aim; 20 adults with clinically diagnosed Behcet's disease, 20 adults with Neuro‐Behçet's disease, and 19 age‐ and gender‐matched controls were examined by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). During MRA, diameters of left vertebral artery (LVA), right vertebral artery (RVA), basilar artery (BA), and proximal segment (P1) of posterior cerebral artery between origin and junction with the posterior communicating artery were measured. In all groups, LVA was dominant th...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - April 15, 2014 Category: Anatomy Authors: Evren Kose, Suat Kamisli, Metin Dogan, Sevgi Tasolar, Ayşegül Kahraman, Mustafa Namik Oztanir, Serpil Sener Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Role of Monochromatic Light on Development of Cecal Tonsil in Young Broilers
ABSTRACT Previously, the different monochromatic lights have been demonstrated to affect splenocyte proliferation and melatonin (MEL) secretion in broilers. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of different monochromatic lights on the development and immune function of broiler cecal tonsils, and to disclose the mechanisms underlying these phenomena. A total of 185 broilers (P0) including intact, sham‐operated, and pinealectomized groups were exposed to blue light (BL), green light (GL), red light (RL), and white light (WL) by a light‐emitting diode system for 14 days. Compared with RL groups, the GL i...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - April 4, 2014 Category: Anatomy Authors: J. Li, Z. Wang, J. Cao, Y.L. Dong, Y.X. Chen Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Wear Pattern, Dental Function, and Jaw Mechanism in the Late Cretaceous Ankylosaur Hungarosaurus
ABSTRACT Feeding in thyreophoran dinosaurs is poorly understood. Although the group existed for over 130 million years, only the Early Jurassic basal thyreophoran Scelidosaurus harrisonii and the Late Cretaceous ankylosaurid Euoplocephalus tutus have been studied from this perspective in detail. In contrast to the earlier, conservative hypothesis of a simple “orthal pulping” feeding mode with no or limited tooth–tooth contact, recent studies have demonstrated precise dental occlusion with differing jaw mechanisms in these two species. Here, we describe the first detailed study of feeding related characters in a nodos...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - April 4, 2014 Category: Anatomy Authors: Attila Ősi, Paul M. Barrett, Tamás Földes, Richárd Tokai Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Morphological Analysis of the Flippers in the Franciscana Dolphin, Pontoporia blainvillei, Applying X‐Ray Technique
This study indicates that the flippers of franciscana dolphins are symmetrical; both sexes show a negative allometric trend; SD is observed in radius, ulna, and digit two; and flipper skeleton allows determine the age class of the dolphins. Anat Rec, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist)
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - April 4, 2014 Category: Anatomy Authors: Daniela Laura Del Castillo, María Victoria Panebianco, María Fernanda Negri, Humberto Luis Cappozzo Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Distribution of Matrix Proteins in Perichondrium and Periosteum During the Incorporation of Meckel's Cartilage into Ossifying Mandible in Midterm Human Fetuses: An Immunohistochemical Study
ABSTRACT Immunohistochemical localization of versican and tenascin‐C were performed; the periosteum of ossifying mandible and the perichondrium of Meckel's cartilage, of vertebral cartilage, and of mandibular condylar cartilage were examined in midterm human fetuses. Versican immunoreactivity was restricted and evident only in perichondrium of Meckel's cartilage and vertebral cartilage; conversely, tenascin‐C immunoreactivity was only evident in periosteum. Therefore, versican and tenascin‐C can be used as molecular markers for human fetal perichondrium and fetal periosteum, respectively. Meckel's cartilage underwent...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - April 4, 2014 Category: Anatomy Authors: Shunichi Shibata, Yujiro Sakamoto, Tamaki Yokohama‐Tamaki, Gen Murakami, Baik Hwan Cho Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Male Gonadal Differentiation and the Paedomorphic Evolution of the Testis in Teleostei
ABSTRACT Testis differentiation from representatives of the Otophysi (Cyprinus carpio), Percomorpha (Amatitlania nigrofasciata), and Atherinomorpha (Poecilia reticulata) was comparatively described. In the undifferentiated gonad of C. carpio, the primordial germ cells (PGCs) are scattered throughout the gonads while in A. nigrofasciata and P. reticulata the PGCs are restricted to the ventral periphery. In the dorsal region of the developing gonads, with the exception of C. carpio, somatic cell rearrangements result in the differentiation of the sperm duct. Pre‐Sertoli cells wrap around single spermatogonia forming cysts ...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - April 1, 2014 Category: Anatomy Authors: Talita Sarah Mazzoni, Harry J. Grier, Irani Quagio‐Grassiotto Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Variation in Timing, Duration, Intensity, and Direction of Adolescent Growth in the Mandible, Maxilla, and Cranial Base: The Fels Longitudinal Study
ABSTRACT There is considerable individual variation in the timing, duration, and intensity of growth that occurs in the craniofacial complex during childhood and adolescence. The purpose of this article is to describe the extent of this variation between traits and between individuals within the Fels Longitudinal Study (FLS). Polynomial multilevel models were used to estimate the ages of onset, peak velocity, and cessation of adolescent growth, the time between these ages, the amount of growth between these ages, and peak velocity. This was done at both the group and individual levels for standard cephalometric measurement...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - April 1, 2014 Category: Anatomy Authors: Ramzi W. Nahhas, Manish Valiathan, Richard J. Sherwood Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Comparative Anatomy, Evolution, and Homologies of Tetrapod Hindlimb Muscles, Comparison with Forelimb Muscles, and Deconstruction of the Forelimb‐Hindlimb Serial Homology Hypothesis
This study presents the first detailed analysis of the evolution and homologies of all hindlimb muscles in representatives of each major tetrapod group and proposes a unifying nomenclature for these muscles. These data are compared with information obtained previously about the forelimb muscles of tetrapods and the muscles of other gnathostomes in order to address one of the most central and enigmatic questions in evolutionary and comparative anatomy: why are the pelvic and pectoral appendages of gnathostomes generally so similar to each other? An integrative analysis of the new myological data, combined with a review of r...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - April 1, 2014 Category: Anatomy Authors: Rui Diogo, Julia Molnar Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research

Cardiac Mouse Lymphatics: Developmental and Anatomical Update
ABSTRACT The adult mouse heart possesses an extensive lymphatic plexus draining predominantly the subepicardium and the outer layer of the myocardial wall. However, the development of this plexus has not been entirely explored, partially because of the lack of suitable methods for its visualization as well as prolonged lymphatic vessel formation that starts prenatally and proceeds during postnatal stages. Also, neither the course nor location of collecting vessels draining lymph from the mouse heart have been precisely characterized. In this article, we report that murine cardiac lymphatic plexus development that is limite...
Source: The Anatomical Record Part B: The New Anatomist - April 1, 2014 Category: Anatomy Authors: Aleksandra Flaht‐Zabost, Grzegorz Gula, Bogdan Ciszek, Elżbieta Czarnowska, Ewa Jankowska‐Steifer, Maria Madej, Justyna Niderla‐Bielińska, Dorota Radomska‐Leśniewska, Anna Ratajska Tags: Full Length Article Source Type: research