A synthetic mRNA cell reprogramming method using CYCLIN D1 promotes DNA repair generating improved genetically stable human induced pluripotent stem cells
In conclusion, we show synthetic mRNA transfection ofCYCLIN D1 repairs DNA during reprogramming resulting in significantly improved genetically stable footprint in human iPSC, enabling a new cell reprogramming method for more accurate and reliable generation of human iPSC for disease modeling and future clinical applications.© AlphaMed Press 2021A key challenge for clinical application of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) to accurately model and treat human pathologies lies in developing a method for their generation that are genetically stable to reduce long ‐term risks of cell transplant therapy. The authors show ...
Source: Stem Cells - February 24, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Ana Bel én Alvarez‐Palomo,
Jordi Requena‐Osete,
Raul Delgado‐Morales,
Victoria Moreno‐Manzano,
Carme Grau‐Bove,
Agueda M. Tejera,
Manel Juan Otero,
Carme Barrot,
Irene Santos‐Barriopedro,
Alejandro Vaquero,
Jovita Mezquita‐Pla,
S Tags: Embryonic Stem Cells/Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Source Type: research
Mesenchymal stromal cell ‐mediated immune regulation: A promising remedy in the therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Activated mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and apoptotic MSCs exert potent immunoregulatory effects mainly via secretome, thus modulating the functions of various immune cells. MSC ‐mediated immunomodulation contributes to Type 2 diabetes mellitus therapies via improving islet function and ameliorating insulin resistance. AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major threat to global public health, with increasing prevalence as well as high morbidity and mortality, to which immune dysfunction has been recognized as a crucial contributor. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), obtained from various sources and possessing ...
Source: Stem Cells - February 23, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Ji Chen,
Chen ‐Xi Zheng,
Yan Jin,
Cheng‐Hu Hu Tags: Translational and Clinical Research Source Type: research
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Source: Stem Cells - February 23, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Stuart P. Atkinson Tags: PREVIEWS Source Type: research
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In vitro differentiation analysis of membrane ‐targeted GFP+ (mGFP+) cells isolated from treated 3‐week‐old trigenic mice, showing that mGFP+ cells contribute to the osteoblast lineage, indicating that Tert expression marks skeletal progenitor/stem cells.See Carlone et al. beginning on page296. (Source: Stem Cells)
Source: Stem Cells - February 23, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Tags: COVER IMAGE Source Type: research
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(Source: Stem Cells)
Source: Stem Cells - February 23, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Metabolic and immune dysfunction of glia in neurodegenerative disorders: Focus on iPSC models
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) created from fibroblasts or other easily accessible human cells can be differentiated into patient ‐specific glia such as oligodendrocytes, astrocytes and microglia, and grown together with neurons in culture or in vivo for investigating the role and molecular mechanisms of the glial cell in neurodegenerative diseases. AbstractThe research on neurodegenerative disorders has long focused on neuronal pathology and used transgenic mice as disease models. However, our understanding of the chronic neurodegenerative process in the human brain is still very limited. It is increasingly recog...
Source: Stem Cells - February 23, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Taisia R õlova,
Šárka Lehtonen,
Gundars Goldsteins,
Pinja Kettunen,
Jari Koistinaho Tags: CONCISE REVIEW Source Type: research
A preview of selected articles
(Source: Stem Cells)
Source: Stem Cells - February 23, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Stuart P. Atkinson Tags: PREVIEWS Source Type: research
Cover Image
In vitro differentiation analysis of membrane ‐targeted GFP+ (mGFP+) cells isolated from treated 3‐week‐old trigenic mice, showing that mGFP+ cells contribute to the osteoblast lineage, indicating that Tert expression marks skeletal progenitor/stem cells.See Carlone et al. beginning on page296. (Source: Stem Cells)
Source: Stem Cells - February 23, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Tags: COVER IMAGE Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: Stem Cells)
Source: Stem Cells - February 23, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
CCAAT/enhancer ‐binding protein beta promotes muscle stem cell quiescence through regulation of quiescence‐associated genes
CCAAT/enhancer ‐binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) promotes muscle satellite cell quiescence. (A) In resting muscle, satellite cells are quiescent and express both PAX7 and C/EBPβ. C/EBPβ promotes the expression of several quiescence‐associated genes includingCav1. (B) Muscle injury drives activation and proliferation of precursors with a concomitant reduction in C/EBP β expression. (C) Low C/EBPβ expression promotes differentiation and muscle repair. (D) Cells that escape differentiation, self‐renew and return to quiescence are C/EBPβ+. AbstractRegeneration of skeletal muscle depends on resident muscle stem cells c...
Source: Stem Cells - February 23, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Neena Lala ‐Tabbert,
Hamood AlSudais,
François Marchildon,
Dechen Fu,
Nadine Wiper‐Bergeron Tags: TISSUE ‐SPECIFIC STEM CELLS Source Type: research
Telomerase expression marks transitional growth ‐associated skeletal progenitor/stem cells
In long bones, osteochondral progenitor cells function during rapid bone growth while osteoadipogenic progenitors act during bone maintenance. We showed that mTert is expressed in an age ‐dependent manner and marks growth‐associated osteochondral progenitor cells during transitional growth, a discrete time period between rapid bone growth and bone maintenance. AbstractSkeletal progenitor/stem cells (SSCs) play a critical role in postnatal bone growth and maintenance. Telomerase (Tert) activity prevents cellular senescence and is required for maintenance of stem cells in self ‐renewing tissues. Here we investigated th...
Source: Stem Cells - February 23, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Diana L. Carlone,
Rebecca D. Riba ‐Wolman,
Luke T. Deary,
Alessio Tovaglieri,
Lijie Jiang,
Dana M. Ambruzs,
Benjamin E. Mead,
Manasvi S. Shah,
Christopher J. Lengner,
Rudolf Jaenisch,
David T. Breault Tags: TISSUE ‐SPECIFIC STEM CELLS Source Type: research
FZD5 regulates cellular senescence in human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells
Although mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are promising for cell therapy, long ‐term culture leads to MSC senescence with reduced stem cell capacity. We showed that FZD5, which is specifically expressed in immature MSCs, can serve as a stemness indicator. Controlling FZD5 signaling may improve MSC quality and the outcomes of cell therapy. AbstractHuman mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) have garnered enormous interest as a potential resource for cell ‐based therapies. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating senescence in hMSCs remain unclear. To elucidate these mechanisms, we performed gene expression pro...
Source: Stem Cells - February 23, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Seiko Harada,
Yo Mabuchi,
Jun Kohyama,
Daisuke Shimojo,
Sadafumi Suzuki,
Yoshimi Kawamura,
Daisuke Araki,
Takashi Suyama,
Masunori Kajikawa,
Chihiro Akazawa,
Hideyuki Okano,
Yumi Matsuzaki Tags: TISSUE ‐SPECIFIC STEM CELLS Source Type: research
Satellite cell activation and retention of muscle regenerative potential after long ‐term denervation
Human satellite cells isolated from gluteus maximus muscle denervated>20 years retain the ability to engraft and form new muscle fiber when transplanted intoNOD.Cg ‐Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) mice, and also reoccupy the anatomic niche. Left: NSG muscle showing human dystrophin (green) and laminin (red). Right: NSG muscle showing costaining of human lamin A/C (red) Pax7 (green). Laminin (grey), 4 ′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (DAPI, blue) counterstain. AbstractIrreversible denervation atrophy remains an unsolved clinical problem, and the role of skeletal muscle stem cell (MuSC, satellite cell) depletion ...
Source: Stem Cells - February 23, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Alvin Wong,
Steven M. Garcia,
Stanley Tamaki,
Katharine Striedinger,
Emilie Barruet,
Scott L. Hansen,
David M. Young,
Jason H. Pomerantz Tags: TISSUE ‐SPECIFIC STEM CELLS Source Type: research
Dlk1 regulates quiescence in calcitonin receptor ‐mutant muscle stem cells
Calcitonin receptor (CalcR) ‐mutant muscle stem cells ectopically express delta‐like non‐canonical Notch ligand 1 (Dlk1). The Dlk1 expression marks all non‐quiescent muscle stem cells in CalcR‐mutant muscle stem cells. The loss of Dlk1 rescues the impaired quiescent state in CalcR‐mutant muscle stem cells. AbstractMuscle stem cells, also called muscle satellite cells (MuSCs), are responsible for skeletal muscle regeneration and are sustained in an undifferentiated and quiescent state under steady conditions. The calcitonin receptor (CalcR) ‐protein kinase A (PKA)‐Yes‐associated protein 1 (Yap1) axis is on...
Source: Stem Cells - February 23, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Lidan Zhang,
Manami Kubota,
Ayasa Nakamura,
Takayuki Kaji,
Shigeto Seno,
Akiyoshi Uezumi,
Ditte Caroline Andersen,
Charlotte Harken Jensen,
So ‐ichiro Fukada Tags: Tissue ‐SPECIFIC STEM CELLS Source Type: research
Extracellular vesicles derived from fibroblasts promote wound healing by optimizing fibroblast and endothelial cellular functions
This study demonstrated that fibroblast derived extracellular vesicle (EV), induced activation of fibroblast, endothelial cell migration, and tube formation in vitro and also induced, in vivo wound healing by enhancing the collagen formation and maturation, increasing Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, blood vessel formation, and skin appendages induction. These findings uncovered; fibroblast derived EV can be used as potential cell free/EV‐based candidate for wound healing therapies. AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) have been exhibited as promising candidates for delivering endogenous therape...
Source: Stem Cells - February 23, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Eun Jung Oh,
Prakash Gangadaran,
Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran,
Hyun Mi Kim,
Ji Min Oh,
Kang Young Choi,
Ho Yun Chung,
Byeong ‐Cheol Ahn Tags: REGENERATIVE MEDICINE Source Type: research
