Epigenetic regulation of neural stem cells: The emerging role of nucleoporins
Cartoon illustrating the contribution of Nups to epigenetic mechanisms in stem cells. (1) Transcription. (2) Heterochromatin formation. (3) Silencing. (4) Topological associated domain formation. (5) miRNA biogenesis and transport. (6) Protein SUMOylation. AbstractNucleoporins (Nups) are components of the nuclear pore complex that, besides regulating nucleus-cytoplasmic transport, emerged as a hub for chromatin interaction and gene expression modulation. Specifically, Nups act in a dynamic manner both at specific gene level and in the topological organization of chromatin domains. As such, they play a fundamental role duri...
Source: Stem Cells - August 25, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Claudia Colussi,
Claudio Grassi Tags: CONCISE REVIEW Source Type: research
A protein ‐centric view of in vitro biological model systems for Schizophrenia
Schematic diagram of stem-cell derived 2D SCZ culture models (left column) vs 3D SCZ brain organoid models (middle column) to engineer neural networks for translational medicine. SCZ patient cells are reprogrammed towards human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC). Derived 3D brain organoids from hiPSCs serve as a model for further investigations. The application of proteomics and Post-translational Modification specific proteomics (PTMomics) on 3D organoids could contribute to a wealth of information regarding the underlying mechanisms of the diseases and cell responses toin vivo settings (right column). AbstractSchizop...
Source: Stem Cells - August 25, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Abinaya Chandrasekaran,
Pia Jensen,
Fadumo A. Mohamed,
Madeline Lancaster,
Michael E. Benros,
Martin R. Larsen,
Kristine K. Freude Tags: Embryonic Stem Cells/Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Source Type: research
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 as a regulator of induced pluripotent stem cell chondrogenesis
As induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) undergo chondrogenesis,Trpv4 expression mirrored the expression of other chondrogenic markers (eg,Sox9,Acan, andCol2a1). Using aCol2a1-GFP reporter, green fluorescent protein positive (GFP+) cells showed increased chondrogenesis and expression ofTrpv4. Daily activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) significantly increased cartilaginous matrix production in GFP+ cells. These findings suggest that TRPV4 serves as a marker as well as a regulator of iPSC chondrogenesis. AbstractTransient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) is a polymodal calcium-permeable catio...
Source: Stem Cells - August 24, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Vincent P. Willard,
Holly A. Leddy,
Daniel Palmer,
Chia ‐Lung Wu,
Wolfgang Liedtke,
Farshid Guilak Tags: Embryonic Stem Cells/Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Source Type: research
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor controls skin homeostasis, regeneration, and hair follicle cycling by adjusting epidermal stem cell function
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is required for skin homeostasis and hair growth. AhR depletion in keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts compromises skin regeneration likely because of reduced epidermal stem cells (EpdSCs) numbers. Reconstitution assays suggest a cell autonomous role for AhR in the epidermis. Signaling networks controlling skin homeostasis are AhR regulated in EpdSCs. AhR modulation by physiological ligands may represent a strategy to treat skin pathology. AbstractSkin integrity requires constant maintenance of a quiescent, yet responsive, population of stem cells. While interfollicular epidermal progenitor...
Source: Stem Cells - August 24, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Eva Mar ía Rico‐Leo,
Luis Francisco Lorenzo‐Martín,
Ángel Carlos Román,
Xosé Ramón Bustelo,
Jaime María Merino,
Pedro María Fernández‐Salguero Tags: Tissue ‐Specific Stem Cells Source Type: research
Spatiotemporal Extracellular Matrix Modelling (StEMM) for In Situ Cell Niche Studies
Spatiotemporal Extracellular Matrix Modeling (StEMM) facilitates the identification of cell-niches by combining decellularized whole organ sections and recellularization with a new algorithm for automatic generation of density maps and cluster-analysis for identification of regions of interest. AbstractExtracellular matrix (ECM) components govern a range of cell functions such as migration, proliferation, maintenance of stemness and differentiation. Cell niches that harbor stem −/progenitor cells, with matching ECM, have been shown in a range of organs, although their presence in the heart is still under debate. Determin...
Source: Stem Cells - August 22, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Kim Olesen,
Sergey Rodin,
Wing Cheung Mak,
Ulrika Felldin,
Cecilia Österholm,
Andreas Tilevik,
Karl‐Henrik Grinnemo Tags: Tissue ‐Specific Stem Cells Source Type: research
Single ‐cell transcriptomic sequencing analyses of cell heterogeneity during osteogenesis of human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
In this study, we investigated the cellular and molecular features of chemically induced osteogenesis from MSC isolated from human adipose tissue (human adipose MSCs, hAMSCs) using single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq). We found that a near complete differentiation of osteogenic clusters from hAMSCs under a directional induction. Both groups of cells are heterogeneous, and some of the hAMSCs cells are intrinsically prepared for osteogenesis, while variant OS clusters seems in cooperation with a due division of the general function. We identified a set of genes related to cell stress response highly expressed during the di...
Source: Stem Cells - August 17, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Rongmei Qu,
Kai He,
Tingyu Fan,
Yuchao Yang,
Liyao Mai,
Zhiwei Lian,
Zhitao Zhou,
Yan Peng,
Asmat Ullah Khan,
Bing Sun,
Xiaolan Huang,
Jun Ouyang,
Xinghua Pan,
Jingxing Dai,
Wenhua Huang Tags: Stem Cell Technology: Epigenetics, Genomics, Proteomics and Metabonomics Source Type: research
Epigenetic regulation of neural stem cells: the emerging role of nucleoporins
Cartoon illustrating the contribution of Nups to epigenetic mechanisms in stem cells. 1) Transcription. 2) Heterochromatin formation. 3) Silencing. 4) Topological associated domain formation. 5) miRNA biogenesis and transport 6) Protein SUMOylation. AbstractNucleoporins (Nups) are components of the nuclear pore complex that, besides regulating nucleus-cytoplasmic transport, emerged as a hub for chromatin interaction and gene expression modulation. Specifically, Nups act in a dynamic manner both at specific gene level and in the topological organization of chromatin domains. As such, they play a fundamental role during deve...
Source: Stem Cells - August 17, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Claudia Colussi,
Claudio Grassi Tags: Stem Cell Technology: Epigenetics, Genomics, Proteomics and Metabonomics Source Type: research
Bone marrow ‐derived progenitor cells contribute to remodeling of the postpartum uterus
In conclusion, BM-derived pro genitors were found to have a novel nonhematopoietic cellular contribution to postpartum uterus remodeling. This contribution may have an important functional role in physiological as well as pathological postpartum endometrial regeneration. (Source: Stem Cells)
Source: Stem Cells - August 7, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Reshef Tal,
Jacqueline Kisa,
Nafeesa Abuwala,
Harvey J. Kliman,
Shafiq Shaikh,
Alice Y. Chen,
Fang Lyu,
Hugh S. Taylor Tags: Tissue ‐Specific Stem Cells Source Type: research
Three ‐dimensional migration of human amniotic fluid stem cells involves mesenchymal and amoeboid modes and is regulated by mTORC1
This study on human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) provides the first demonstration that human stem cells exhibit mTORC1-dependent invasive capacity and can concurrently make use of mesenchymal and amoeboid 3D cell migration modes. These results represent an important step toward the full biological characterization of fetal human stem cells with relevance to developmental research and stem cell-based therapy. AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) cell migration is an integral part of many physiologic processes. Although being well studied in the context of adult tissue homeostasis and cancer development, remarkably little is...
Source: Stem Cells - August 4, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Margit Rosner,
Markus Hengstschl äger Tags: Tissue ‐Specific Stem Cells Source Type: research
Single ‐cell transcriptomic sequencing analyses of cell heterogeneity during osteogenesis of human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
In this study, we investigated the cellular and molecular features of chemically induced osteogenesis from MSC isolated from human adipose tissue (human adipose MSCs, hAMSCs) using single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq). We found that a near complete differentiation of osteogenic clusters from hAMSCs under a directional induction. Both groups of cells are heterogeneous, and some of the hAMSCs cells are intrinsically prepared for osteogenesis, while variant OS clusters seems in cooperation with a due division of the general function. We identified a set of genes related to cell stress response highly expressed during the di...
Source: Stem Cells - August 4, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Rongmei Qu,
Kai He,
Tingyu Fan,
Yuchao Yang,
Liyao Mai,
Zhiwei Lian,
Zhitao Zhou,
Yan Peng,
Asmat Ullah Khan,
Bing Sun,
Xiaolan Huang,
Jun Ouyang,
Xinghua Pan,
Jingxing Dai,
Wenhua Huang Tags: Stem Cell Technology: Epigenetics, Genomics, Proteomics and Metabonomics Source Type: research
Downregulation of augmenter of liver regeneration impairs the therapeutic efficacy of liver epithelial progenitor cells against acute liver injury by enhancing mitochondrial fission
In conclusion, we demonstrated that the transplantation ofALR-transfected LEPCs protected mice against CCl4-induced ALI, thus offering immense curative potential in the clinic. (Source: Stem Cells)
Source: Stem Cells - August 4, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Yuan Dong,
Weining Kong,
Wei An Tags: Tissue ‐Specific Stem Cells Source Type: research
