Maintenance of neural stem ‐progenitor cells by the lysosomal biosynthesis regulators TFEB and TFE3 in the embryonic mouse telencephalon
AbstractLysosomes have recently been implicated in regulation of quiescence in adult neural stem cells (NSCs). Whether lysosomes regulate the differentiation of neural stem ‐progenitor cells (NPCs) in the embryonic brain has remained unknown, however. We here show that lysosomes are more abundant in rapidly dividing NPCs than in differentiating neurons in the embryonic mouse neocortex and ganglionic eminence. The genes for TFEB and TFE3, master regulators of lysosoma l biosynthesis, as well as other lysosome‐related genes were also expressed at higher levels in NPCs than in differentiating neurons. Anatomic analysis re...
Source: Stem Cells - February 21, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Naoya Yuizumi,
Yujin Harada,
Takaaki Kuniya,
Takehiko Sunabori,
Masato Koike,
Masaki Wakabayashi,
Yasushi Ishihama,
Yutaka Suzuki,
Daichi Kawaguchi,
Yukiko Gotoh Tags: Tissue ‐Specific Stem Cells Source Type: research
ABCB5+ dermal mesenchymal stromal cells with favorable skin homing and local immunomodulation for Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa treatment
Schema of ABCB5+ dermal MSCs (DSCs) characteristics compared to BM ‐MSCs. Potential mechanisms of superior skin homing of ABCB5+ DSCs for use in RDEB and regenerative medicine applications. Similarities in immunomodulatory capacity of ABCB5+ DSCs and BM‐MSCs are shown in the middle column including anti‐inflammatory M1 > M2 macrophage skewing. AbstractRecessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a rare, incurable blistering skin disease caused by biallelic mutations in type VII collagen (C7). Advancements in treatment of RDEB have come from harnessing the immunomodulatory potential of mesenchymal stem...
Source: Stem Cells - February 20, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Julia Riedl,
Michael Pickett ‐Leonard,
Cindy Eide,
Mark Andreas Kluth,
Christoph Ganss,
Natasha Y. Frank,
Markus H. Frank,
Christen L. Ebens,
Jakub Tolar Tags: Regenerative Medicine Source Type: research
Suppressing Hippo signaling in the stem cell niche promotes skeletal muscle regeneration
Our AAV9 Salvador shRNA strategy recreates a myofiber ‐guided regenerative stem cell niche and promotes simultaneous myogenesis and angiogenesis‐neovascularization for the functional recovery of skeletal muscles in ischemic extremities. These myofibers release paracrine elements to activate (a) satellite cells to proliferate and self‐renew for my ogenesis and (b) endothelial cells to stimulate angiogenesis and neovascularization. AbstractLack of blood flow to the lower extremities in peripheral arterial disease causes oxygen and nutrient deprivation in ischemic skeletal muscles, leading to functional impairment. Trea...
Source: Stem Cells - February 18, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Qi Liu,
Su Pan,
Shijie Liu,
Sui Zhang,
James T. Willerson,
James F. Martin,
Richard A. F. Dixon Tags: Regenerative Medicine Source Type: research
Protein kinase C ‐β‐dependent changes in the glucose metabolism of bone marrow stromal cells of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Protein kinase ‐C‐β‐dependent changes in the metabolism of bone marrow stromal cells after contact to malignant B‐cells. AbstractSurvival of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells critically depends on the support of an adapted and therefore appropriate tumor microenvironment. Increasing evidence suggests that B ‐cell receptor‐associated kinases such as protein kinase C‐β (PKCβ) or Lyn kinase are essential for the formation of a microenvironment supporting leukemic growth. Here, we describe the impact of PKCβ on the glucose metabolism in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) upon CLL contact. BMSC get a ctiv...
Source: Stem Cells - February 17, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Franziska Heydebrand,
Maximilian Fuchs,
Meik Kunz,
Simon Voelkl,
Anita N. Kremer,
Robert A. J. Oostendorp,
Jochen Wilke,
Michael Leitges,
Alexander Egle,
Andreas Mackensen,
Gloria Lutzny ‐Geier Tags: Translational and Clinical Research Source Type: research
Phage Display Targeting Identifies EYA1 as a Regulator of Glioblastoma Stem Cell Maintenance and Proliferation
AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) ranks among the most lethal of human malignancies with GBM stem cells (GSCs) that contribute to tumor growth and therapeutic resistance. Identification and isolation of GSCs continues to be a challenge, as definitive methods to purify these cells for study or targeting are lacking. Here, we leveraged orthogonalin vitro andin vivo phage display biopanning strategies to isolate a single peptide with GSC ‐specific binding properties. In silico analysis of this peptide led to the isolation of EYA1 (Eyes Absent 1), a tyrosine phosphatase and transcriptional co‐activator. Validating the phage disco...
Source: Stem Cells - February 17, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: JongMyung Kim,
Chunhua She,
Marine Potez,
Ping Huang,
Qiulian Wu,
Briana C. Prager,
Zhixin Qiu,
Shideng Bao,
Jeremy N. Rich,
James K. C. Liu Tags: Embryonic Stem Cells/Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Source Type: research
Potential applications of deep learning in single ‐cell RNA sequencing analysis for cell therapy and regenerative medicine
The strategy of deep learning on scRNA ‐seq data. AbstractWhen used in cell therapy and regenerative medicine strategies, stem cells have potential to treat many previously incurable diseases. However, current application methods using stem cells are underdeveloped, as these cells are used directly regardless of their culture medium and subgroup. For example, when using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in cell therapy, researchers do not consider their source and culture method nor their application angle and function (soft tissue regeneration, hard tissue regeneration, suppression of immune function, or promotion of immune...
Source: Stem Cells - February 16, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Ruojin Yan,
Chunmei Fan,
Zi Yin,
Tingzhang Wang,
Xiao Chen Tags: Regenerative Medicine Source Type: research
Autonomous TGF β signaling induces phenotypic variation in human acute myeloid leukemia
Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) represent phenotypic variability, which is delineated by endothelial cell ‐selective adhesion molecule (ESAM) expression. The variable ESAM levels reflect fluctuating transcriptome in LSCs that is at least partly regulated by autocrine/paracrine cytokine signals. While autonomous TGFβ1 signaling promotes the phenotypic variability of LSCs, blocking the signaling inhibi ts not only their variability but also their growth by inducing apoptosis. AbstractHeterogeneity of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) is involved in their collective chemoresistance. To eradicate L...
Source: Stem Cells - February 15, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Yasuhiro Shingai,
Takafumi Yokota,
Daisuke Okuzaki,
Takao Sudo,
Tomohiko Ishibashi,
Yukiko Doi,
Tomoaki Ueda,
Takayuki Ozawa,
Ritsuko Nakai,
Akira Tanimura,
Michiko Ichii,
Hirohiko Shibayama,
Yuzuru Kanakura,
Naoki Hosen Tags: ORIGINAL RESEARCH Source Type: research
