Mesenchymal stromal cell ‐mediated immune regulation: A promising remedy in the therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Activated mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and apoptotic MSCs exert potent immunoregulatory effects mainly via secretome, thus modulating the functions of various immune cells. MSC ‐mediated immunomodulation contributes to Type 2 diabetes mellitus therapies via improving islet function and ameliorating insulin resistance. AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major threat to global public health, with increasing prevalence as well as high morbidity and mortality, to which immune dysfunction has been recognized as a crucial contributor. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), obtained from various sources and possessing potent immunomodulatory abilities, have displayed great therapeutic potential for T2DM. Interestingly, the immunomodulatory capabilities of MSCs are endowed and plastic. Among the multiple mechanisms involved in MSC ‐mediated immune regulation, the paracrine effects of MSCs have attracted much attention. Of note, extracellular vesicles (EVs), an important component of MSC secretome, have emerged as pivotal mediators of their immunoregulatory effects. Particularly, the necrobiology of MSCs, especially apoptosi s, has recently been revealed to affect their immunomodulatory functions in vivo. In specific, a variety of preclinical studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of MSCs on improving islet function and ameliorating insulin resistance. More importantly, clinical trials have further uncovered the therapeutic potential of MSCs for T2DM. In this re...
Source: Stem Cells - Category: Stem Cells Authors: Tags: Translational and Clinical Research Source Type: research